Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
-
- University of South Carolina (24)
- Louisiana State University (21)
- San Jose State University (21)
- Luther Seminary (10)
- Hope College (8)
-
- William & Mary Law School (8)
- Linfield University (7)
- Stephen F. Austin State University (5)
- The University of Southern Mississippi (5)
- National Louis University (3)
- Rhode Island College (2)
- Rollins College (2)
- University of Southern Maine (2)
- Andrews University (1)
- Brigham Young University (1)
- Santa Clara Law (1)
- University of Northern Iowa (1)
- Keyword
-
- Philosophy (11)
- Biographies (3)
- Chemical hormesis (3)
- Comparative philosophy (3)
- Evolution (3)
-
- Francis Bacon (3)
- Legal Philosophy (3)
- Natural selection (3)
- Aesthetics (2)
- Articles (2)
- Bioethics (2)
- Biology (2)
- Books (2)
- Compassion (2)
- De-extinction (2)
- Death (2)
- Dying (2)
- Epistemology (2)
- Freedom (2)
- Harry Potter (2)
- History of biology (2)
- Karl Pearson (2)
- Levinas (2)
- Mars (2)
- Nicholas of Cusa (2)
- Nietzsche (2)
- Paleontology (2)
- Phenomenology (2)
- Philosophy of biology (2)
- Philosophy of science (2)
- Publication Year
Articles 1 - 30 of 122
Full-Text Articles in Arts and Humanities
Accountability As A Key Virtue In Mental Health And Human Flourishing, John R. Peteet, Charlotte Vanoyen-Witvliet, C. Stephen Evans
Accountability As A Key Virtue In Mental Health And Human Flourishing, John R. Peteet, Charlotte Vanoyen-Witvliet, C. Stephen Evans
Faculty Publications
We propose that accountability plays an implicit, important, and relatively unexamined role in psychiatry. People generally think of accountability as a relation in which one party is held accountable by another. In this paper, we examine accountability as a virtue, drawing on philosophy, psychiatry, and psychology to examine what it means to welcome being accountable in an excellent way that promotes flourishing. When people manifest accountability as a virtue, they are both responsive to others they owe a response, and they are responsible for their attitudes and actions in light of these relationships. Psychiatric treatment often aims to correct disordered …
Accountability And Autonomy, Motivation, And Psychiatric Treatment, John R. Peteet, Charlotte Vanoyen-Witvliet, C. Stephen Evans
Accountability And Autonomy, Motivation, And Psychiatric Treatment, John R. Peteet, Charlotte Vanoyen-Witvliet, C. Stephen Evans
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
One Or None? Truth And Self-Transformation For Śaṅkara And Kamalaśīla, David Fiordalis
One Or None? Truth And Self-Transformation For Śaṅkara And Kamalaśīla, David Fiordalis
Faculty Publications
This article explores how two influential 8th-century Indian philosophers, Śaṅkara and Kamalaśīla, treat the threefold scheme of learning, reasoning, and meditation in their spiritual path philosophies. They have differing institutional and ontological commitments: the former, who helped establish Advaita Vedānta as the religious philosophy of an elite Hindu monastic tradition, affirms an unchanging “self” (ātman) identical to the “world-essence” (brahman); the latter, who played a significant role in the development of Buddhist monasticism in Tibet, denies both self and essence. Yet, they share a concern with questions of truth and the means by which someone could gain access to it, …
Pollution And Polluter Pays, Aaron Lercher
Ethical Consistency And Experience: An Attempt To Influence Researcher Attitudes Toward Questionable Research Practices Through Reading Prompts, Samuel V. Bruton, Mitch Brown, Donald F. Sacco
Ethical Consistency And Experience: An Attempt To Influence Researcher Attitudes Toward Questionable Research Practices Through Reading Prompts, Samuel V. Bruton, Mitch Brown, Donald F. Sacco
Faculty Publications
Over the past couple of decades, the apparent widespread occurrence of Questionable Research Practices (QRPs) in scientific research has been widely discussed in the research ethics literature as a source of concern. Various ways of reducing their use have been proposed and implemented, ranging from improved training and incentives for adopting best practices to systematic reforms. This article reports on the results of two studies that investigated the efficacy of simple, psychological interventions aimed at changing researcher attitudes toward QRPs. While the interventions did not significantly modify researchers’ reactions to QRPs, they showed differential efficacy depending on scientists’ experience, suggesting …
Preserving Mars Today Using Baseline Ecologies, Daniel S. Capper
Preserving Mars Today Using Baseline Ecologies, Daniel S. Capper
Faculty Publications
Current calls to protect the Martian environment with “Planetary Parks” maintain environmental merit. However, they lack a sufficiently urgent timeframe for initiating protection as well as a robust scientific method for the establishment of noteworthy Martian natural landmarks as natural reserves. In response, if we return to the seminal environmental preservation teachings of Aldo Leopold and John Muir, we encounter the importance of grounding Martian preservation efforts on the fundamental environmental science method of a base-datum of normality, or baseline ecology. This method establishes natural reserves that feature both minimal human interference as well as known origination dates, thereby providing …
Betting & Hierarchy In Paleontology, Leonard Finkelman
Betting & Hierarchy In Paleontology, Leonard Finkelman
Faculty Publications
In his Rock, Bone, and Ruin: An Optimist’s Guide to the Historical Sciences, Adrian Currie argues that historical scientists should be optimistic about success in reconstructing the past on the basis of future research. This optimism follows in part from examples of success in paleontology. I argue that paleontologists’ success in these cases is underwritten by the hierarchical nature of biological information: extinct organisms have extant analogues at various levels of taxonomic, ecological, and physiological hierarchies, and paleontologists are adept at exploiting analogies within one informational hierarchy to infer information in another. On this account, fossils serve the role …
Crossed Tracks: Mesolimulus, Archaeopteryx, And The Nature Of Fossils, Leonard Finkelman
Crossed Tracks: Mesolimulus, Archaeopteryx, And The Nature Of Fossils, Leonard Finkelman
Faculty Publications
Organisms leave a variety of traces in the fossil record. Among these traces, vertebrate and invertebrate paleontologists conventionally recognize a distinction between the remains of an organism’s phenotype (body fossils) and the remains of an organism’s life activities (trace fossils). The same convention recognizes body fossils as biological structures and trace fossils as geological objects. This convention explains some curious practices in the classification, as with the distinction between taxa for trace fossils and for tracemakers. I consider the distinction between “parallel taxonomies,” or parataxonomies, which privileges some kinds of fossil taxa as “natural” and others as “artificial.” The motivations …
Book Review: Abortion Rights: For And Against, Michelle Oberman, Julia D. Hejduk
Book Review: Abortion Rights: For And Against, Michelle Oberman, Julia D. Hejduk
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
The Search For Microbial Martian Life And American Buddhist Ethics, Daniel S. Capper
The Search For Microbial Martian Life And American Buddhist Ethics, Daniel S. Capper
Faculty Publications
Multiple searches hunt for extraterrestrial life, yet the ethics of such searches in terms of fossil and possible extant life on Mars have not been sufficiently delineated. In response, in this essay I propose a tripartite ethic for searches for microbial Martian life that consists of default nonharm toward potential living beings, default nonharm to the habitats of potential living beings, but also responsible, restrained scientific harvesting of some microbes in limited transgression of these default nonharm modes. Although this multifaceted ethic remains secular and hence adaptable to space research settings, it arises from both a qualitative analysis of authoritative …
Locke On Individuation And Kinds, Joseph Stenberg
Locke On Individuation And Kinds, Joseph Stenberg
Faculty Publications
Locke has been accused of endorsing a theory of kinds that is inconsistent with his theory of individuation. This purported inconsistency comes to the fore in Locke’s treatment of cases involving organisms and the masses of matter that constitute them, for example, the case of a mass constituting an oak tree. In this essay, I argue that this purported problem, known as ‘The Kinds Problem’, can be solved. The Kinds Problem depends on the faulty assumption that nominal essences include only features observable at a time t. Once this assumption is rejected, new candidates open up for the relevant difference …
Game Spirituality: How Games Tell Us More Than We Might Think, Chad Carlson
Game Spirituality: How Games Tell Us More Than We Might Think, Chad Carlson
Faculty Publications
While we often see games as less serious or at least less transcendental than religion there is reason to believe that games can evoke similarly meaningful narratives that allow us to learn a great deal about ourselves and our world. And games do so often using the same symbolic and metaphorical mechanisms that generate meaning in religious experience. In this paper, I explore some of the ways in which game myths—the myths created from and through games—generate meaning in our lives. People experience myths in games very similarly to how they might in religion. I first explain what myth means …
De-Extinction And The Conception Of Species, Leonard Finkelman
De-Extinction And The Conception Of Species, Leonard Finkelman
Faculty Publications
Developments in genetic engineering may soon allow biologists to clone organisms from extinct species. The process, dubbed “de-extinction,” has been publicized as a means to bring extinct species back to life. For theorists and philosophers of biology, the process also suggests a thought experiment for the ongoing “species problem”: given a species concept, would a clone be classified in the extinct species? Previous analyses have answered this question in the context of specific de-extinction technologies or particular species concepts. The thought experiment is given more comprehensive treatment here. Given the products of three de-extinction technologies, twenty-two species concepts are “tested” …
Both Facts And Feelings: Emotion And News Literacy, Susan Currie Sivek
Both Facts And Feelings: Emotion And News Literacy, Susan Currie Sivek
Faculty Publications
News literacy education has long focused on the significance of facts, sourcing, and verifiability. While these are critical aspects of news, rapidly developing emotion analytics technologies intended to respond to and even alter digital news audiences’ emotions also demand that we pay greater attention to the role of emotion in news consumption. This essay explores the role of emotion in the “fake news” phenomenon and the implementation of emotion analytics tools in news distribution. I examine the function of emotion in news consumption and the status of emotion within existing news literacy training programs. Finally, I offer suggestions for addressing …
Social Imaginaries And The Theory Of The Normative Utterance, Meili Steele
Social Imaginaries And The Theory Of The Normative Utterance, Meili Steele
Faculty Publications
Theorists of the social imaginary, such as Benedict Anderson, Charles Taylor, Cornelius Castoriadis, and Marcel Gauchet have given us new ways to talk about the structures of the shared meanings and practices of the West. As a group, they have directed their arguments against the narrow horizons of meaning oyed by deliberative political theories in developing their basic normative concepts and principles. Anderson speaks of the new shapes of time and space provided by the novel and newspaper; Taylor and Gauchet discuss the ontological importance of the emergence of secularity, the public sphere, popular sovereignty, and the market; Castoriadis places …
Epistemological Matters Matter For Theological Understanding, Joseph F. Laporte
Epistemological Matters Matter For Theological Understanding, Joseph F. Laporte
Faculty Publications
This article leads the reader to appreciate some of the importance of philosophical epistemology, to the field of theology, by way of two fascinating philosophical topics. As it does so, it provides some development and clarification of two notions important in epistemology: first, rationality, and second, the distinction sometimes called the “propositional–experiential” distinction. The first is the more central to mainstream philosophy today. Since at least Plato, philosophers have asked: what is it to know something, or to be rational or right-headed, as opposed to kooky or gullible, in believing something? Christian philosophers have applied this study to the …
Miracles As Evidence For The Existence Of God, Alan G. Padgett
Miracles As Evidence For The Existence Of God, Alan G. Padgett
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
The Extinction And De-Extinction Of Species, Helena Siipi, Leonard Finkelman
The Extinction And De-Extinction Of Species, Helena Siipi, Leonard Finkelman
Faculty Publications
In this paper, we discuss the following four alternative ways of understanding the outcomes of resurrection biology (also known as de-extinction). Implications of each of the ways are discussed with respect to concepts of species and extinction. (1) Replication: animals created by resurrection biology do not belong to the original species but are copies of it. The view is compatible with finality of extinction as well as with certain biological and ecological species concepts. (2) Re-creation: animals created are members of the original species but, despite their existence, the species remains extinct. The view is incompatible with all …
[Review Of] Robert J. Richards And Michael Ruse, Debating Darwin, Charles H. Pence
[Review Of] Robert J. Richards And Michael Ruse, Debating Darwin, Charles H. Pence
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Victims, Power And Intellectuals: Laruelle And Sartre, Constance L. Mui Phd, Julien Murphy Phd
Victims, Power And Intellectuals: Laruelle And Sartre, Constance L. Mui Phd, Julien Murphy Phd
Faculty Publications
In two recent works, Intellectuals and Power and General Theory of Victims, François Laruelle offers a critique of the public intellectual, including Jean-Paul Sartre, claiming such intellectuals have a disregard for victims of crimes against humanity. Laruelle insists that the victim has been left out of philosophy and displaced by an abstract pursuit of justice. He offers a non- philosophical approach that reverses the victim/intellectual dyad and calls for compassionate insurrection. In this paper, we probe Laruelle's critique of the committed intellectual's obligations to victims, specifically, through an examination of Sartre's "A Plea for Intellectuals." We hope to show the …
[Review Of] La Estética De Lo Mínimo: Ensayos Sobre Microrrelatos Mexicanos, Ed. Pablo Brescia, Cheyla Samuelson
[Review Of] La Estética De Lo Mínimo: Ensayos Sobre Microrrelatos Mexicanos, Ed. Pablo Brescia, Cheyla Samuelson
Faculty Publications
A review of Brescia, Pablo, ed. La estética de lo mínimo: Ensayos sobre microrrelatos mexicanos. Guadalajara: Universidad de Guadalajara, 2013. 166 pp.
Alone In The Crowd: Appropriated Text And Subjectivity In The Work Of Rirkrit Tiravanija, Liz Linden
Alone In The Crowd: Appropriated Text And Subjectivity In The Work Of Rirkrit Tiravanija, Liz Linden
Faculty Publications
The practice of Thai artist Rirkrit Tiravanija is perhaps the best-known exemplar of relational aesthetics, a distinction first made by Nicholas Bourriaud and affirmed in the writings of many subsequent art critics; but the critical focus on the interactive aspect of his works has tended to rely on utopian modes of community engagement, which ignore Tiravanija's strategic deployment of relational, interactive structures to implicate the viewer, publicly, in problematic political positions. Tiravanija commonly uses appropriation in his artworks as a way of exposing viewer's biases and this paper focuses specifically on his use of appropriated text to explore divided subjectivities …
Minority Report: Re-Reading Gilgamesh After Levinas, Francis Dominic Degnin
Minority Report: Re-Reading Gilgamesh After Levinas, Francis Dominic Degnin
Faculty Publications
The Epic of Gilgamesh attempts to answer the question of how, given the finality of death, one might find meaning and happiness in life. Many commentators argue that the text provides two separate, although ultimately unsatisfactory, alternatives. What these commentators appear to miss, however, is the possibility that these two solutions may not be separate. Using Levinas’s distinction between “need” and “desire,” I argue that, by the end of the Epic, they may in fact be synthesized into a single solution, one that suggests the priority of an affective moral grounding as prior to and more fundamental than intellectual …
Evotext: A New Tool For Analyzing The Biological Sciences, Grant Ramsey, Charles H. Pence
Evotext: A New Tool For Analyzing The Biological Sciences, Grant Ramsey, Charles H. Pence
Faculty Publications
We introduce here evoText, a new tool for automated analysis of the literature in the biological sciences. evoText contains a database of hundreds of thousands of journal articles and an array of analysis tools for generating quantitative data on the nature and history of life science, especially ecology and evolutionary biology. This article describes the features of evoText, presents a variety of examples of the kinds of analyses that evoText can run, and offers a brief tutorial describing how to use it.
Is Genetic Drift A Force?, Charles H. Pence
Is Genetic Drift A Force?, Charles H. Pence
Faculty Publications
One hotly debated philosophical question in the analysis of evolutionary theory concerns whether or not evolution and the various factors which constitute it (selection, drift, mutation, and so on) may profitably be considered as analogous to “forces” in the traditional, Newtonian sense. Several compelling arguments assert that the force picture is incoherent, due to the peculiar nature of genetic drift. I consider two of those arguments here—that drift lacks a predictable direction, and that drift is constitutive of evolutionary systems—and show that they both fail to demonstrate that a view of genetic drift as a force is untenable. I go …
How The Validity Of The Parallel Inference Is Possible: From The Ancient Mohist Diagnose To A Modern Logical Treatment Of Its Semantic-Syntactic Structure, Bo Mou
Faculty Publications
The purpose of this paper is to explore the issue of how the validity of the parallel inference (as a type of deductive reasoning) is possible in view of its deep semantic-syntactic structure. I first present a philosophical interpretation of the ancient Mohist treatment of the parallel inference concerning its semantic-syntactic structure. Then, to formally and accurately capture the later Mohist point in this connection for the sake of giving a general condition for the validity of the parallel inference, I suggest a modern logical treatment via an expanded predicate logic account.
How Constructive Engagement In Doing Philosophy Comparatively Is Possible, Bo Mou
How Constructive Engagement In Doing Philosophy Comparatively Is Possible, Bo Mou
Faculty Publications
In this article I intend, on the basis of some previous relevant works on the issue, to further examine a range of conditions for maintaining adequate methodological guiding principles concerning how to look at the relation between distinct methodological perspectives in comparative-engagement exploration in philosophy. The purpose of this paper is to explore how, in the global context, distinct approaches in philosophy can be engaged in order toconstructively talk to each other and make a joint contribution to the development of philosophy and society.
Foucault And Critique: Guest Editor's Introduction To Foucault Circle Selection, Margaret Mclaren
Foucault And Critique: Guest Editor's Introduction To Foucault Circle Selection, Margaret Mclaren
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Darwin’S Dice: The Idea Of Chance In The Thought Of Charles Darwin, Charles H. Pence
Darwin’S Dice: The Idea Of Chance In The Thought Of Charles Darwin, Charles H. Pence
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Knowledge, Virtue, And Onto-Theology: A Kierkegaardian (Self-)Critique, Jack E. Mulder Jr.
Knowledge, Virtue, And Onto-Theology: A Kierkegaardian (Self-)Critique, Jack E. Mulder Jr.
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.