Arts and Humanities Commons^™

Rights, Individualism, Community: Aristotle And The Communitarian-Liberalism Debate, Jeffery Nicholas

Jeffery Nicholas

I argue that Aristotle could not be a fore-runner to liberalism, because his view of humanity is that human beings are constituted by a community and achieve self-fulfillment only as so constituted. Thus, Aristotle endorses a unique position that defends the freedom and self-development of the individual within the parameters of a social order.

Will The Real Charles Fried Please Stand Up?, Paul Miller, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

In response to the preceding commentary by Jerry Menikoff in this issue of the Journal, the authors argue that Fried's central concern is not that randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are conducted without consent, but rather that various aspects of the design and conduct of RCTs are in tension with physicians' duties of personal care to their patients. Although Fried does argue that the existence of equipoise cannot justify failure to obtain consent from research subjects, informed consent by itself does not supplant ill subjects' rights to personalized judgment and care embodied in Fried's equipoise.

Importance Of Informed Consent In Offering To Return Research Results To Research Participants, Conrad Fernandez, Eric Kodish, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

No abstract provided.

Is 'The Blues' Black Enough?, Stephen Asma

Stephen T Asma

Reviews the television program "The Blues."

Offering To Return Results To Research Participants: Attitudes And Needs Of Principal Investigators In The Children's Oncology Group, Conrad Fernandez, Eric Kodish, Susan Shurin, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

PURPOSE: The offer to return a summary of results to participants after the conclusion of clinical research has many potential benefits. The authors determined current practice and attitudes and needs of researchers in establishing programs to return results to research participants.

METHODS: An Internet survey of all 236 principal investigators (PIs) of the Children's Oncology Group in May 2002 recorded PI and institutional demographics, current practice, and perceived barriers to and needs of PIs for the creation of research results programs.

RESULTS: One hundred fifty (63.8%) PIs responded. Few institutions (n = 5) had established, comprehensive programs to offer the …

After The Tree Had Fallen: Recent Works And Collaborations By Alex Caldiero And Frank Mcentire, Scott Abbott

Scott Abbott

No abstract provided.

Bioethics In Social Context, Edited By Barry Hoffmaster, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

No abstract provided.

The Ethics Of Placebo-Controlled Trials, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

No abstract provided.

Rehabilitating Equipoise, Paul Miller, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

When may a physician legitimately offer enrollment in a randomized clinical trial (RCT) to her patient? Two answers to this question have had a profound impact on the research ethics literature. Equipoise, as originated by Charles Fried, which we term Fried's equipoise (FE), stipulates that a physician may offer trial enrollment to her patient only when the physician is genuinely uncertain as to the preferred treatment. Clinical equipoise (CE), originated by Benjamin Freedman, requires that there exist a state of honest, professional disagreement in the community of expert practitioners as to the preferred treatment. FE and CE are widely understood …

Is The Use Of Placebo Controls Ethically Permissible In Clinical Trials Of Agents Intended To Reduce Fractures In Osteoporosis?, Baruch Brody, Nancy Dickey, Susan Ellenberg, Robert Heaney, Robert Levine, Richard O'Brien, Ruth Purtilo, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

Substantial progress has been made in developing treatments that reduce the risk of fractures in osteoporosis. However, available treatments are only partially effective, they are not widely used, and there is need to search for more effective means of fracture prevention. Currently known effective means of reducing fractures were found using randomized placebo-controlled trials. The use of placebo controls in clinical trials has been a subject of significant controversy in recent years. The Declaration of Helsinki revision of October 2000 caused great concern among clinical investigators about the future use of placebo controls if known effective therapeutic agents are available. …

Feminist Moral Philosophy, Samantha Brennan

Samantha Brennan

No abstract provided.

Disclosure Of The Right Of Research Participants To Receive Research Results: An Analysis Of Consent Forms In The Children's Oncology Group, Conrad Fernandez, Eric Kodish, Shaureen Taweel, Susan Shurin, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

BACKGROUND: The offer of return of research results to study participants has many potential benefits. The current study examined the offer of return of research results by analyzing consent forms from 2 acute lymphoblastic leukemia studies of the 235 institutional members of the Children's Oncology Group.

METHODS: Institutional review board (IRB)-approved consent forms from 2 standard-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia studies (Children's Cancer Group [CCG] 1991 and Pediatric Oncology Group [POG] 9407) were analyzed independently by 2 reviewers.

RESULTS: The authors received replies from 202 of the 235 institutions that were contacted (85%). One hundred eighty-one institutions had CCG 1991 (n …

Therapeutic Obligation In Clinical Research, Charles Weijer, Paul Miller

Charles Weijer

No abstract provided.

Informing Study Participants Of Research Results: An Ethical Imperative, Conrad Fernandez, Eric Kodish, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

No abstract provided.

Report On The 18th International Social Philosophy Conference, Samantha Brennan, Todd Calder

Samantha Brennan

No abstract provided.

Moss Understood Art Of Compromise, David R. Keller

David R. Keller

No abstract provided.

Getting Back, Mark Maller

Mark Maller

Above everything, Rob Silvers is preoccupied with getting even with his college, parents, wife and others who compromise his desires and expectations. While trying to find himself, he battles with an eccentric religious biology professor who dominates St. Sylvester's College. Midst controversy, he starts a free thinker's club, and finally with the aid of a sympathetic teacher, is able to leave. Part two occurs over 20 years later. Now married to his college sweetheart, he is desperate to survive without a job or money in Pennsylvania. Meanwhile he suspects that his wife is unfaithful and seeks a harsh vengeance. This …

[James Mark] Baldwin And His Many Effects, David Depew

David J Depew

No abstract provided.

Community Consent For Genetic Research, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

No abstract provided.

Is God The Source Of Morality?, Sharon Kaye, Harry Gensler, S.J.

Harry J. Gensler, S.J.

No abstract provided.

Evolution And Learning: The Baldwin Effect Reconsidered, David Depew, Bruce Weber

David J Depew

The role of genetic inheritance dominates current evolutionary theory. At the end of the nineteenth century, however, several evolutionary theorists independently speculated that learned behaviors could also affect the direction and rate of evolutionary change. This notion was called the Baldwin effect, after the psychologist James Mark Baldwin. In recent years, philosophers and theorists of a variety of ontological and epistemological backgrounds have begun to employ the Baldwin effect in their accounts of the evolutionary emergence of mind and of how mind, through behavior, might affect evolution.

The essays in this book discuss the originally proposed Baldwin effect, how it …

Unethical Author Attribution, Charles Weijer, Akira Akabayashi

Charles Weijer

I am an M.D/Ph.D. student and work as a research assistant for the director of a division of the school of medicine who is an M.D. He assigned me to research a certain topic and gave me no guidelines or guidance as to how to do it. Nevertheless, I did the research and wrote it up. My supervisor liked the report and said that he thought it was so good that “I would like to offer you the opportunity to publish it and list you as the primary author.” Some bells went off when he so grandly offered to let …

Ethical Issues In Palliative Care Research, Neil Macdonald, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

No abstract provided.

Review Of David Rothenberg, "Always The Mountains", David R. Keller

David R. Keller

No abstract provided.

'Dao' As A Nickname, Stephen C. Angle, John A. Gordon

Stephen C. Angle

Strukturationen Der Interaktivität, Rudolf Kaehr

Rudolf Kaehr

No abstract provided.

African American Student Athletes' Perceptions Of Career Transition In Sport: A Qualitative And Visual Elicitation, Keith Harrison

Dr. C. Keith Harrison

This study focuses on 26 African American athletes and explores their perceptions of athletic career transition. Participants consisted of student athletes from a United States National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division IIA institution in the Southeastern region. Participants completed the Life After Sports Scale (LASS), a 58-item inventory utilized to qualitatively and quantitatively examine seven different domains which influence perceptions of the career transition process. The scope of this inquiry examines the qualitative domain of the LASS in which participants were visually primed with a narrative description of a student athlete that has made transition out of sport successfully. Five …

Because Of Thy Great Bounty - Mixed Choir, Keith D. Rowley

Keith D Rowley

Anthem for SATB choir and piano. This is an arrangement from a solo sacred song by Leon A. Hoffmeister with words by Grace Noll Crowell. The song is also known by the title "Because I have been given much."

Hannah Arendt E O Pensamento Político Sob O Signo Do Amor Mundi, Andre De Macedo Duarte

Andre de Macedo Duarte

O conceito agostiniano de “Amor Mundi” é essencial para o pensamento político de Hannah Arendt, pois lhe inspirou uma alternativa em relação à atitude teórica dos pensadores da política de inspiração marxista ou liberal. O presente texto apresenta dois objetivos. Trata-se tanto de compreender o sentido que Arendt atribuiu ao conceito agostiniano de “Amor Mundi” em A Condição Humana (1958), estabelecendo, para isso, uma comparação com sua interpretação prévia deste mesmo conceito na Tese de Doutorado, O Conceito de Amor em Agostinho (1929), bem como, também, de explorar as implicações teóricas decorrentes de sua orientação do pensamento político para o …

On 'The Denial Of Bivalence Is Absurd', F. J. Pelletier, Robert J. Stainton

Robert J. Stainton

Timothy Williamson, in various places, has put forward an argument that is supposed to show that denying bivalence is absurd. This paper is an examination of the logical force of this argument, which is found wanting.