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Philosophy

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Selected Works

1995

Articles 1 - 16 of 16

Full-Text Articles in Arts and Humanities

Wrong Medicine: Doctors, Patients, And Futile Treatment, Charles Weijer Dec 1995

Wrong Medicine: Doctors, Patients, And Futile Treatment, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

No abstract provided.

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Computationalism And The Problem Of Other Minds, Stuart Glennan Nov 1995

Computationalism And The Problem Of Other Minds, Stuart Glennan

Stuart Glennan

In this paper I discuss Searle's claim that the computational properties of a system could never cause a system to be conscious. In the first section of the paper I argue that Searle is correct that, even if a system both behaves in a way that is characteristic of conscious agents (like ourselves) and has a computational structure similar to those agents , one cannot be certain that that system is conscious. On the other hand, I suggest that Searle's intuition that it is "empirically absurd" that such a system could be conscious is unfounded. In the second section I …

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Cruel And Unusual Treatment, Carl Elliott, Charles Weijer Nov 1995

Cruel And Unusual Treatment, Carl Elliott, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

No abstract provided.

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How Is The Strength Of A Right Determined? Assessing The Harm View, Samantha Brennan Sep 1995

How Is The Strength Of A Right Determined? Assessing The Harm View, Samantha Brennan

Samantha Brennan

No abstract provided.

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Characterizing The Population In Clinical Trials: Barriers, Comparability, And Implications For Review, Charles Weijer Jun 1995

Characterizing The Population In Clinical Trials: Barriers, Comparability, And Implications For Review, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

The definition of the study population for a clinical trial via the criteria for trial eligibility has implications for the validity of the study and its applicability to clinical practice. Though issues of equity regarding the selection of subjects for research have long been a concern of ethicists, issues regarding the impact of subject selection on a trial's generalizability have only recently attracted ethical scrutiny. After a review of the history of the ethics of subject selection, I focus on three empirical questions regarding the generalizability of clinical trials. (1) What proportion of diseased populations are studied in clinical trials? …

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The Ethics And Politics Of Human Experimentation, Charles Weijer Jun 1995

The Ethics And Politics Of Human Experimentation, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

No abstract provided.

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Monitoring Clinical Research: An Obligation Unfulfilled, Charles Weijer, Stanley Shapiro, Abraham Fuks, Kathleen Glass, Myriam Skrutkowska Jun 1995

Monitoring Clinical Research: An Obligation Unfulfilled, Charles Weijer, Stanley Shapiro, Abraham Fuks, Kathleen Glass, Myriam Skrutkowska

Charles Weijer

The revelation that data obtained for the US-based National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) from subjects enrolled at Hôpital Saint-Luc in Montreal was falsified has eroded public trust in research. Institutions can educate researchers and help prevent unethical research practices by establishing procedures to monitor research involving human subjects. Research monitoring encompasses four categories of activity: annual reviews of continuing research, monitoring of informed consent, monitoring of adherence to approved protocols and monitoring of the integrity of data. The authors describe characteristics of research projects that may call for monitoring procedures in each category. The form taken by …

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Our Bodies, Our Science, Charles Weijer Apr 1995

Our Bodies, Our Science, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

No abstract provided.

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The Breast Cancer Research Scandal: Addressing The Issues, Charles Weijer Apr 1995

The Breast Cancer Research Scandal: Addressing The Issues, Charles Weijer

Charles Weijer

The three claims put forward by Dr. Roger Poisson to rationalize his enrollment of ineligible subjects in clinical trials do not justify research fraud. None the less, certain lessons for the conduct of clinical research can be learned from the affair: experimental therapies should be made available to technically ineligible subjects when no effective therapy exists for their disease; further research must investigate the possible benefits of clinical-trial participation; broadly based, pragmatic trials must be regarded as the ideal model; and each eligibility criterion in a clinical-trial protocol should be justified.

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Pulling The Plug On Futility, Charles Weijer, Carl Elliott Mar 1995

Pulling The Plug On Futility, Charles Weijer, Carl Elliott

Charles Weijer

No abstract provided.

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Darwinism Evolving: Systems Dynamics And The Genealogy Of Natural Selection, David Depew, Bruce Weber Dec 1994

Darwinism Evolving: Systems Dynamics And The Genealogy Of Natural Selection, David Depew, Bruce Weber

David J Depew

Darwinism Evolving examines the Darwinian research tradition in evolutionary biology from its inception to its turbulent present, arguing that recent advances in modeling the nonlinear dynamics of complex systems may well catalyze the next major phase of Darwinian evolutionism.While Darwinism has successfully resisted reduction to physics, the authors point out that it has from the outset developed and applied its core explanatory concept, natural selection, by borrowing models from dynamics, a branch of physics. The recent development of complex systems dynamics may afford Darwinism yet another occasion to expand its explanatory power.Darwinism's use of dynamical models has received insufficient attention …

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Accountability In Philosophical Research, Michael Pritchard Dec 1994

Accountability In Philosophical Research, Michael Pritchard

Michael Pritchard

This paper explores standards of accountability in philosophical research, particularly in relation to publication. The responsibility of researchers, editors, reviewers, and other scholars are discussed. Problems receiving special attention include: pressure to publish in order to obtain jobs, tenure, promotion, or merit pay; standards of quality; acknowledgement of the work of others; plagiarism; fabrication; distinguishing honest from careless misinterpretation; validation of empirical claims that underlie philosophical positions; and difficulties in detecting misconduct in philosophical research. The importance of self‐monitoring and moral character is stressed.

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Pragmatism From Progressivism To Post- Modernism, David Depew, Robert Hollinger Dec 1994

Pragmatism From Progressivism To Post- Modernism, David Depew, Robert Hollinger

David J Depew

American pragmatism can be best understood against the background of 20th-century American culture and politics. The essays in this volume, by philosophers, cultural critics, and historians, explore the development of pragmatism in this context. The emphasis in this volume is on the interrelations between the philosophical or foundational issues raised by pragmatism as a philosophical movement, and the cultural, political, and educational programs that have been associated with pragmatism from James, Dewey, and Mead to Rorty and Cornel West. The book is divided into three parts, reflecting the periods of Progressivism, Positivism, and Postmodernism. The contributors explore the ways in …

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Interface: Modernity And Post-Modernity: The Possibility Of Enthusiasm According To Immanuel Kant And Jean-Francois Lyotard, Antonio Calcagno Dec 1994

Interface: Modernity And Post-Modernity: The Possibility Of Enthusiasm According To Immanuel Kant And Jean-Francois Lyotard, Antonio Calcagno

Antonio Calcagno

No abstract provided.

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Evolution, Ethics, And The Complexity Revolution, David Depew, Bruce Weber Dec 1994

Evolution, Ethics, And The Complexity Revolution, David Depew, Bruce Weber

David J Depew

No abstract provided.

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Moral Literacy, Or How To Do The Right Thing, Colin Mcginn, Samantha Brennan Dec 1994

Moral Literacy, Or How To Do The Right Thing, Colin Mcginn, Samantha Brennan

Samantha Brennan

No abstract provided.

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