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Articles 1 - 12 of 12
Full-Text Articles in Arts and Humanities
The Levant: France’S Colonial Crucible, Michael Adelson
The Levant: France’S Colonial Crucible, Michael Adelson
French Summer Fellows
In the medieval era of religious and political tumult that culminated with the Crusades, (mostly) Roman Catholic Western European citizens from all walks of life committed themselves to conquer Jerusalem and wrest control of historically Christian lands from the Muslim polities that claimed the region. The historical Kingdom of France was a major contributor to the Crusades, and as such, the feudal realms established in the Levant in the wake of the First Crusade were dominated by former French crusaders and citizenry. The geographic boundaries and demography of these Crusader States are reminiscent of French hegemony in the Middle East …
'Not Cruelty But Piety': Circumscribing European Crusading Violence, Susanna A. Throop
'Not Cruelty But Piety': Circumscribing European Crusading Violence, Susanna A. Throop
History Faculty Publications
Was there such a thing as “crusading violence”? Traditionally the crusading movement has been sharply distinguished from other forms of Christian violence motivated, or at least justified, by religion. However, we have increasingly come to recognize the difficulties of drawing clear-cut boundaries between crusading and other aspects of western European culture in the Middle Ages. This chapter assesses the ways in which crusader violence was like and unlike other forms of medieval Christian violence.
A Fractured Family And Its Heirs: Seljuq Power And The “Sunni Revival” In The Middle East, 1000-1200 Ce, Elijah Sloat
A Fractured Family And Its Heirs: Seljuq Power And The “Sunni Revival” In The Middle East, 1000-1200 Ce, Elijah Sloat
History Summer Fellows
The Seljuq Turks were a group of nomadic warriors who converted to Sunni Islam by the end of the tenth century. Over the course of the next half century the Seljuqs conquered the majority of what we now call the Middle East. One Seljuq dynasty in particular, known to historians as the Great Seljuqs, positioned themselves as the dominant political power in the region as well as champions of Sunni Islam. Scholars refer to this period of Seljuq control as the “Sunni Revival” and debate heavily whether Seljuq political and religious practices were the cause of this “Revival,” as well …
Bosnia: Doomed To Failure Or A Rising Hope?, Caitlin V. Moore
Bosnia: Doomed To Failure Or A Rising Hope?, Caitlin V. Moore
Politics Honors Papers
Bosnia and Herzegovina is a country that suffers from a lack of a national identity as it has three main ethnic groups, Bosniaks, Croats and Serbs, who are all fighting for power. After the Bosnian war, which lasted from 1992-1995 and involved genocide that was committed against the Bosniaks, the ethnic divisions were further entrenched. These divisions were not helped by the provisions of the Dayton Peace Accords, which was the peace settlement that brought an end to the war. Dayton created an ethnocracy within Bosnia that places more importance on ethnic groups than national identity. In order to see …
“A Battle For Hearts And Minds”: U.S. Public Diplomacy In The Cold War Middle East, Christopher M. Goss
“A Battle For Hearts And Minds”: U.S. Public Diplomacy In The Cold War Middle East, Christopher M. Goss
History Honors Papers
This paper analyzes the development of American public diplomacy in the Middle East region from 1945-1961. The purpose of the paper is to situate the public diplomacy effort within existing histories of the Middle East and Cold War propaganda and to analyze the methods used by the U. S. to shape foreign opinion. Analysis reveals that the U.S. felt the need to implement a foreign information program under President Truman, which was later expanded and corrected under Eisenhower, and included a switch from short-term objective seeking to long-term goodwill fostering. The methods were primarily focused on two target audiences: educated …
Vengeance And The Crusades, Susanna A. Throop
Vengeance And The Crusades, Susanna A. Throop
History Faculty Publications
This article demonstrates that the popularity of the idea of crusading as vengeance was not limited to the laity, and, instead of fading away after 1099, the ideology grew more widespread as the twelfth century progressed. The primary aim here is to present the evidence alongside preliminary analysis, reserving further, more detailed interpretation for future publications.
Letter From Francis Mairs Huntington-Wilson To Beekman Winthrop, June 25, 1909, Francis Mairs Huntington-Wilson
Letter From Francis Mairs Huntington-Wilson To Beekman Winthrop, June 25, 1909, Francis Mairs Huntington-Wilson
Other Correspondence
The document is a carbon copy of a typed letter from the Assistant Secretary of State to Beekman Winthrop, the Assistant Secretary of the Navy, concerning the movement of the ships the Montana and the North Carolina.
Letter From Francis Mairs Huntington-Wilson To Fred W. Carpenter, June 16, 1909, Francis Mairs Huntington-Wilson
Letter From Francis Mairs Huntington-Wilson To Fred W. Carpenter, June 16, 1909, Francis Mairs Huntington-Wilson
Other Correspondence
The document is a typed letter from the Assistant Secretary of State to Fred Carpenter concerning a meeting between President Taft and the Turkish Ambassador.
Letter From Francis Mairs Huntington-Wilson To Edward H. Ozmun, June 11, 1909, Francis Mairs Huntington-Wilson
Letter From Francis Mairs Huntington-Wilson To Edward H. Ozmun, June 11, 1909, Francis Mairs Huntington-Wilson
Other Correspondence
The document is a carbon copy of a typed letter from the Assistant Secretary of State to Edward Ozmun concerning a package of Turkish cigarettes.
Letter From Francis Mairs Huntington-Wilson To Mabel Boardman, May 13, 1909, Francis Mairs Huntington-Wilson
Letter From Francis Mairs Huntington-Wilson To Mabel Boardman, May 13, 1909, Francis Mairs Huntington-Wilson
Other Correspondence
The document is a carbon copy of a typed letter from the Assistant Secretary of State to Mabel Boardman concerning a donation from the Christian Herald to the American National Red Cross.
Letter From Francis Mairs Huntington-Wilson To Jacob Sloat Fassett, April 22, 1909, Francis Mairs Huntington-Wilson
Letter From Francis Mairs Huntington-Wilson To Jacob Sloat Fassett, April 22, 1909, Francis Mairs Huntington-Wilson
Other Correspondence
The document is a carbon copy of a typed letter from the Assistant Secretary of State to Jacob Sloat Fassett concerning the appointment of Arthur E. Valois to an international position.
Letter From Francis Mairs Huntington-Wilson To Lewis Einstein, April 21, 1909, Francis Mairs Huntington-Wilson
Letter From Francis Mairs Huntington-Wilson To Lewis Einstein, April 21, 1909, Francis Mairs Huntington-Wilson
Other Correspondence
The document is a carbon copy of a typed letter from the Assistant Secretary of State to Lewis Einstein concerning the acquisition of Turkish cigarettes.