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Articles 301 - 312 of 312
Full-Text Articles in Architecture
Finite Element Modeling Of Guastavino Tiled Arches, Edmond P. Saliklis, S. J. Kurtz, S. V. Furnbach
Finite Element Modeling Of Guastavino Tiled Arches, Edmond P. Saliklis, S. J. Kurtz, S. V. Furnbach
Architectural Engineering
An investigation of Rafael Guastavino's arches has been conducted by means of finite element modeling and laboratory experimentation. A novel method of modeling laminated masonry tile construction via the finite element method has been devised. This technique takes advantage of the layered shell element features found in commercially available finite element programs. Historical Guastavino tiles have been tested to obtain material properties. These modem techniques have been employed in conjunction with Guastavino's original empirical design criteria to provide a better understanding of these historically significant structures.
Finite Element Assessment Of The Effects Of Seismic Loading Rate On Soil Liquefaction, Radu Popescu
Finite Element Assessment Of The Effects Of Seismic Loading Rate On Soil Liquefaction, Radu Popescu
Architectural Engineering
The influence of frequency content of seismic excitation on the extent and pattern of pore-water pressure build-up in saturated soil deposits is addressed. Seismic acceleration time histories are generated as uniformly modulated nonstationary stochastic processes, in accordance with prescribed response spectra and prescribed modulating functions. Based on numerical examples, it is shown that the interplay between the frequency content of seismic excitation and the dynamic characteristics of the soil system and their evolution during and after the earthquake have important implications on the dynamic response.Key words: seismic motion, frequency content, finite elements, soil dynamics.
Bridge Lifetime System Reliability Under Multiple Limit States, Allen C. Estes, Dan M. Frangopol
Bridge Lifetime System Reliability Under Multiple Limit States, Allen C. Estes, Dan M. Frangopol
Architectural Engineering
A system reliability approach to minimizing the life-cycle cost of a deteriorating structure offers significant advantages such as a rational assessment of the assumed risk of failure, and an understanding of the importance and contribution of individual components to the overall reliability of the structure. The reliability of a structural system as a whole is the measure of its overall performance. This measure has to include both ultimate and serviceability limit states. A system model of a structure traditionally consists of a series-parallel combination of strength-based component limit states. Serviceability limit states however, can play a tremendously important role in …
Minimim Expected Cost-Oriented Optimal Maintenance Planning For Deteriorating Structures: Application To Concrete Bridge Decks, Allen C. Estes, Dan M. Frangopol
Minimim Expected Cost-Oriented Optimal Maintenance Planning For Deteriorating Structures: Application To Concrete Bridge Decks, Allen C. Estes, Dan M. Frangopol
Architectural Engineering
Civil engineering structures are designed to serve the public and often must perform safely for decades. No matter how well they are designed, all civil engineering structures will deteriorate over time and lifetime maintenance expenses represent a substantial portion of the total lifetime cost of most structures. It is difficult to make a reliable prediction of this cost when the future is unknown and structural deterioration and behavior are assumed from a mathematical model or previous experience. An optimal maintenance program is the key to making appropriate decisions at the right time to minimize cost and maintain an appropriate level …
Using Condition Index Inspection Results To Update The Reliability Of Miter Gates For Navigation Locks, Allen C. Estes, Dan M. Frangopol, Stuart D. Foltz
Using Condition Index Inspection Results To Update The Reliability Of Miter Gates For Navigation Locks, Allen C. Estes, Dan M. Frangopol, Stuart D. Foltz
Architectural Engineering
In an effort to ensure public safety, many civil engineering structures undergo various inspections to assess their condition or performance. Comprehensive procedures for using routine inspection data to update reliability assessments have not been developed. This paper illustrates how the Condition Index inspection data from a specific miter gate on a Corps of Engineers navigation lock can be modified and used for this purpose.
An Optimized Lifetime Reliability-Based Inspection Program For Deteriorating Structures, Allen C. Estes, Dan M. Frangopol
An Optimized Lifetime Reliability-Based Inspection Program For Deteriorating Structures, Allen C. Estes, Dan M. Frangopol
Architectural Engineering
No matter how well they are designed, all civil engineering structures will deteriorate over time and a program of lifetime inspection, maintenance and repair represents a substantial portion of the total lifetime cost of most structures. An optimized inspection program is the key to making appropriate repairs at the right time to minimize cost and maintain an appropriate level of safety in a structure. When a visual inspection will not provide the necessary level of information, some other non-destructive evaluation method is often needed. This study summarizes a methodology for optimizing the timing, the frequency, and the type of inspection …
Empirical Prediction Of Shear Modulus And Young's Modulus Of Plywood Panels, Edmond P. Saliklis, Bora Tokyay
Empirical Prediction Of Shear Modulus And Young's Modulus Of Plywood Panels, Edmond P. Saliklis, Bora Tokyay
Architectural Engineering
No abstract provided.
Optimum Lifetime Planning Of Bridge Inspection And Repair Programs, Dan M. Frangopol, Allen C. Estes
Optimum Lifetime Planning Of Bridge Inspection And Repair Programs, Dan M. Frangopol, Allen C. Estes
Architectural Engineering
This study proposes a general methodology for determining the optimal lifetime planning of bridge inspection and repair programs based on minimizing the expected cost while maintaining an acceptable level of reliability. For individual bridges, this methodology determines the optimum inspection technique. and the numbers and timing of inspections and repairs. The methodology is demonstrated initially on a simple structure. Then. the method is applied to the optimial planning of inspection and repair programs for an existing bridge. The proposed approach to the problem of lifetime bridge maintenance is shown to be a viable method for optimizing inspection and repair investments …
Repair Optimization Of Highway Bridges Using System Reliability Approach, Allen C. Estes, Dan M. Frangopol
Repair Optimization Of Highway Bridges Using System Reliability Approach, Allen C. Estes, Dan M. Frangopol
Architectural Engineering
As reliability based methods gain increased acceptance, there is greater opportunity to use scarce resources more efficiently while maintaining a prescribed level of reliability of a structure throughout its service life. The goal is to provide management decisions that will balance lifetime system reliability and expected life-cycle cost in an optimal manner. This study proposes a system reliability approach for optimizing the lifetime repair strategy for highway bridges. The approach is demonstrated using an existing Colorado State highway bridge. The bridge is modeled as a series-parallel combination of failure modes, and the reliability of the overall bridge system is computed …
Life-Cycle Cost Design Of Deteriorating Structure, Dan M. Frangopol, Kai-Yung Lin, Allen C. Estes
Life-Cycle Cost Design Of Deteriorating Structure, Dan M. Frangopol, Kai-Yung Lin, Allen C. Estes
Architectural Engineering
A lifetime optimization methodology for planning the inspection and repair of structures that deteriorate over time is introduced and illustrated through numerical examples. The optimization is based on minimizing the expected total life-cycle cost while maintaining an allowable lifetime reliability for the structure. This method incorporates: (a) the quality of inspection techniques with different detection capabilities; (b) all repair possibilities based on an event tree; (c) the effects of aging, deterioration, and subsequent repair on structural reliability; and (d) the time value of money. The overall cost to be minimized includes the initial cost and the costs of preventive maintenance, …
Lifetime Bridge Maintenance Strategies Based On System Reliability, Dan M. Frangopol, Allen C. Estes
Lifetime Bridge Maintenance Strategies Based On System Reliability, Dan M. Frangopol, Allen C. Estes
Architectural Engineering
This study proposes a methodology for a system reliability-based condition evaluation of existing highway bridges. The approach is illustrated for an existing steel bridge located in Colorado. USA. An optimum lifetime repair strategy based on minimum expected cost is developed. The initial optimum repair strategy is updated using both biennial visual inspections and specific non-destructive evaluation testing.
Reliability Of Reinforced Concrete Girders Under Corrosion Attack, Dan M. Frangopol, Kai-Yung Lin, Allen C. Estes
Reliability Of Reinforced Concrete Girders Under Corrosion Attack, Dan M. Frangopol, Kai-Yung Lin, Allen C. Estes
Architectural Engineering
Corrosion of reinforcement is a major problem affecting a large number of reinforced concrete structures. At present, most reliability-based design studies of reinforced concrete structures do not consider the effects of corrosion. In this paper, we present a reliability-based approach to the design of reinforced concrete bridge girders that are under corrosion attack. Both reserve and residual reliability constraints are satisfied. The approach is based on the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) standard specifications for highway bridges and on data of chloride corrosion of steel in concrete. First, the effects of corrosion on both moment and …