Architecture Commons^™

Suburban Sprawl: Not Just An Environmental Issue, Michael E Lewyn

Michael E Lewyn

Explains why conservatives should be concerned about suburban sprawl, and how market-oriented solutions can mitigate sprawl.

Preliminary Assessment Of Client Interest In And Needs Of The New England Environmental Finance Center, New England Environmental Finance Center, University Of Southern Maine

Planning

The New England Environmental Finance Center (NE/EFC) has been conceived as a knowledge-based clearinghouse, training, and change-agent program aimed at helping EPA's constituencies find financially successful approaches to environmental improvements. The NE/EFC will develop approaches to needs of particular priority in New England and potentially useful throughout the nation; share such approaches through the EFC national network; and help make tools from that network accessible throughout New England. In 1999 we began exploring with potential users how this ninth of the nation's EFCs might best address the region's needs. The assessment continued through the Muskie School's EFC proposal to EPA …

Bear/People Conflicts In Gatlinburg, Tennessee: An Analysis Of The Social, Political, And Ecological Elements, Kate Mitchell Newton

Masters Theses

Nuisance black bears cause property damage, threaten public safety, and heighten wildlife use conflicts among people across the United States. Wildlife managers have solutions to control nuisance black bear behavior and the accompanying conflicts that occur. The solutions are to require bear-proof garbage disposal, to prohibit intentional feeding, and to educate the public about black bear behavior. However, these solutions are either slow to be adopted or are ignored by local legislative bodies.

In 1999, Gatlinburg, Tennessee, adopted a local ordinance mandating bear-proof garbage containers. This thesis will explain why the city of Gatlinburg adopted the ordinance by documenting the …

Managing Sprawl In The Land Of Unintended Consequences, Robert S. Bucci

New England Journal of Public Policy

Americans witnessing the bulldozing of their country’s pastures, farmlands, and sensitive habitats to erect suburban housing tracts and commercial centers have come to realize that the remaining open land may be too precious to waste. Residential and commercial development is no longer quickly embraced to stimulate economic progress and prosperity. Municipalities are learning that development often extracts a price — sometimes the loss of community character and local charm, sometimes tax revenues that fall short of increased expenditures, and sometimes just plain ugliness. Responding to the new reality, many community officials have initiated unilateral ordinances regulating the development of open …

Environmental Finance Charette, Hyannis Park On Lewis Bay: A Case Study, New England Environmental Finance Center, Environmental Finance Center Of University Of Maryland

Water

The town of Yarmouth currently has a $30 million septic sludge treatment plant and transport lines in place. The vast majority of the dwellings and businesses in the Hyannis Park area are on septic systems that are viable and Title 5 compliant, regardless of age. Conventional, "non-failing" septic systems, however, were never intended to remove form their effluent nutrients such as nitrogen. These have become recognized as an environmental threat only as our understanding of the impacts of excess nutrients on ecosystems has increased in recent decades.

The Legacy Of Modern Urbanism In Brazil: Paradigm Turned Reality Or Unfinished Project?, Vicente Del Rio, Haroldo Gallo

City and Regional Planning

The Modern Movement ideals of transformation and progress coincided with the national spirit and zeitgeist of the 1930s Estado Novo in Brazil. Despite a persistent conflict between distinct urbanist views a progressive approach of urbanism became eventually predominant. Its strong impact on urbanist manifestations reached its climax with the construction of Brasilia. This paper explores some negative aspects of the modern legacy in Brazilian urbanism, but by acknowledging that Modern Movement ideals helped to establish a great sense of social consciousness and promoted a common aim, also the creation of a particular identity is recognized. By strengthening local elements of …

Criterios Para La Descentralización, Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

El proceso centralizador de la sociedad, la economía, la cultura, la política y el territorio -en un contexto de globalización y revolución científico tecnológico-ha conducido al desarrollo de su antítesis: la descentralización. Este proceso, que se inició en Europa con anticipación a lo ocurrido en América Latina, requiere ser conocido y analizado. Es necesario hacer un balance de las principales experiencias, así como de la historia de los procesos particulares. Mucho más, si se constata que no hoy un modelo de descentralización; aunque es innegable la existencia de ciertas constantes generales. Esto significa que cada país en cada momento debe …

Evolución De La Forma De Organización Territorial En Quito: Sus Momentos Históricos Cruciales, Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

El proceso urbano de Quito tiene durante el último siglo dos momentos históricos cruciales: el primero, definido por el predominio de las relaciones capitalistas de producción, la constitución del Estado Nacional y la articulación bicefálica de la urbanización en el país que corresponden, cronológicamente, al período de la Revolución Liberal (1895-1910); y el segundo, caracterizado por un agudo proceso de transformaciones tan sólo comparable en magnitud e importancia con el momento anterior (ver Gráfico No. 1), deducido del proceso de modernización capitalista que vive el Estado y la sociedad civil en el conjunto del país.

Cada uno de estos hitos …

Northeast Ohio’S Regional Economy: An Assessment Of The Economic State Of The Region And Its Political Challenges, Edward W. Hill

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

No abstract provided.

Can We Protect Agricultural Land And The Scenic Rural Landscape? The Spatial Effects Of Three Land Protection Strategies In The Eastern United States, Elizabeth Brabec, Chip Smith

Elizabeth Brabec

In order to assess the efficacy of the three most common types of agricultural land conservation in the United States, this study analyzes the spatial and visual quality of a purchase of development rights program and two regulatory programs — cluster and the transfer of development rights. The study compares the effectiveness of programs that have been in place for periods of 6 to 18 years, surveying three different communities in the urban fringe: 1. the transfer of development rights program in Montgomery County, Maryland, in effect since 1981, 2. Riverhead, New York’s farmland development rights acquisition program, administered by …

Fragmentation, Impervious Surfaces And Water Quality: Quantifying The Effects Of Density And Spatial Arrangement, Elizabeth Brabec, Paul Richards, Stacey Schulte

Elizabeth Brabec

Impervious surfaces have for many years been recognized as an indicator of the intensity of the urban environment and, with the advent of urban sprawl, they have become a key issue in habitat health. In addition to the direct impacts to water quality, impervious surfaces fragment open space and habitat and are therefore a primary land use indicator of both water quality and ecological degradation. This paper develops an understanding of the land use planning implications of the interaction of impervious surfaces, water quality and the spatial form those surfaces take in a watershed. In order to clarify these relationships, …

Downtown Miami: The Old And The New, Nicholas Patricios

Nicholas Patricios

An architectural tour of the significant historic and modern buildings in downtown Miami organized for the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Society of Architectural Historians, June, 2000.

La Constitución De Un Estado Descentralizado, Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

Hasta antes de los 70, en el Ecuador operaba un esquema de descentralización del Estado fundamentado en una doble condición, una de carácter funcional y otra de carácter territorial. Eran formas de descentralización funcional por ejemplo, el Banco de la Vivienda y el Banco Central. Son expresiones de la descentralización territorial los Municipios y los Consejos Municipales y Provinciales. Estas son instancias que se consolidan y fortalecen en la década de los 70 s, durante el boom petrolero. En esos años se emprendieron grandes proyectos nacionales tales como represas, proyectos de riego, electrificación y otros que fueron manejados no por …

Terminus A Quo: An End From Which A Starting Point: The Auto-Terminal, Garrett M. Singer

Architecture Thesis Prep

"The intent of this thesis is to develop a new civic order for parking structures in the urban context. The thesis investigation will exist on two primary parts. The first area of investigation will deal with an urban design and analysis of parking as gateways of arrival to Manhattan. Tis will serve as entry nodes for all automobile passages into the city. The second half of the thesis is an investigation of the transformation of the parking garage, which has typically been seen as an eyesore, into an elegant structure."

Urbanization Of Rural Landscapes Ii: Second Syllabus And Teaching Materials From A University Course, Spring 2000, Charles A. Francis, David Mortensen

CARI Extension and Education Materials for Sustainable Agriculture

Editors' Introduction and Executive Summary 2

Table of Contents 3

Other Volumes in Series and Ordering Information 4

Syllabus, Spring 2000 5

Principles of Planning for Lincoln and Lancaster County, Student Reports, 2000 9

Recommended Amendments to the 1994 Comprehensive Plan, Student Report, 1999 35

Course Evaluations, Spring 2000, by students and faculty evaluators 45

Resource Materials, some with Student Summaries (with permission of the publishers) 50

Stevens Creek study heralds new era for city, Lincoln Journal-Star 50

Developer, city closer on north Lincoln project, Lincoln Journal-Star 51

Study outlines new vision for Lincoln-Omaha corridor, Lincoln Journal-Star 53

Smart growth …

Roadways And The Land: The Landscape Architect's Role, Elizabeth E. Fischer, Heidi M. Hohmann, P. Daniel Marriott

Heidi Hohmann

This country has a rich history of roadway development. From early overland routes, such as the Boston Post Road in New England and the El Camino Reals in the Southwest, to the first federally funded interstate in 1806 (the National Road) and the innovative parkways of the early 20th century, we have been striving in creative ways to link our people, resources, and communities.

International Style Diaspora: Le Corbusier's Le Groupe Transvaal, Nicholas Patricios

Nicholas Patricios

The philosophy and ideas of modern architecture, labeled the international style that originated in Europe were dispersed widely around the world. The theme in this paper is the transmission of the principles of modern architecture from Western Europe to one place, the tip of Africa. The new views were introduced into South Africa as early as 1925 and were continually applied until the early 1940s when local interpretation of these new views of architecture became apparent. Although Walter Gropius and Mies van de Rohe influenced the architects designing South African buildings during the 1930s and early 1940s, Le Corbusier held …

Open Spaces And Recreation Plan: Berkley, Umass Amherst Center Economic Development

Center for Economic Development Technical Reports

The goal of this report was to preserve the country character of Berkley, Massachusetts; to protect the precious resources of air, water, soil and habitats; and to provide the public access to the rivers, forests and fields.

A View To A Mountain, Umass Amherst Center Economic Development

Center for Economic Development Technical Reports

The purpose of this report was to examine the feasibility of submerging the overhead utilities that run along downtown streets, Main, Union, and Cottage, in the City of Easthampton, Massachusetts. To achieve this purpose, our team investigated the steps involved with submerging utilities and how the City of Easthampton might go through this process.

Erving Usher Plant Revitalization, Umass Amherst Center Economic Development

Center for Economic Development Technical Reports

The purpose of this report was to make a plan to revitalize the Usher Plant in Erving, Massachusetts. The potential uses for the space are secondary to the question of structural integrity and extent of environmental contamination. The report raises these issues and gives some recommendations on how to proceed towards a resolution.

Lynn Telecom Studio Report, Umass Amherst Center Economic Development

Center for Economic Development Technical Reports

This report was put together to assess current economic and demographic conditions of Lynn, Massachusetts, and identify Lynn’s telecommunications infrastructure. The report also surveyed business’s stock in Lynn, while proposing recommendations for using telecommunications for economic development. Finally, the report wraps up by using the city of Lynn as a case study for other communities.

Economic Development Of Erving, Massachusetts, Umass Amherst Center Economic Development

Center for Economic Development Technical Reports

This report presents information on Erving, Massachusetts’ economy and main economic development issues. It begins with an analysis of demographic, labor, and employment statistics, then discusses some key issues that pose challenges to and provide opportunities for future development. It concludes with recommendations for taking action to address challenges and to seize opportunities.

Guide To Green Planning And Regulation Practices In Suasco Watershed, Umass Amherst Center Economic Development

Center for Economic Development Technical Reports

This report discusses six planning tools or techniques selected by the client that have been used in six different SuAsCo (Sudbury, Assabet, and Concord Rivers) communities. The six case studies highlighting these tools as they applied in the watershed and Eastern Massachusetts were assessed as to their strengths and weaknesses in light of current national practices.

On The Ellison–Glaeser Geographic Concentration Index, Edward J. Feser

Edward J Feser

I use confidential employment data to investigate the empirical properties of a recent industry geographic concentration index (and related index of industry co-agglomeration) proposed by Ellison and Glaeser (1997). The results show that Ellison and Glaeser’s theoretical finding that their concentration measures are robust to differences in the level of spatial aggregation in the underlying employment data does not generally hold in practice. This implies that sensitivity testing for alternative spatial units should accompany any analysis with the concentration measures.

Proceso Y Marco Jurídico De La Descentralización En El Ecuador, Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

El surgimiento de la cuestión local en Ecuador tuvo lugar a fines de la década de 1970 y principios de la de 1980, en el contexto de la redemocratización que vivía el país. Los antecedentes más inmediatos al proceso de descentralización fueron algunos artículos consignados en la nueva constitución, que se aprobó mediante referéndum. En ella se introdujeron elementos que tienden a fortalecer el conjunto del régimen autonómico, aunque sin un impacto práctico real -fase declarativa-

Posteriormente, el fortalecimiento local y la modernización del Estado pusieron al orden del día el debate sobre la reforma de este, con la aprobación, …

Centro Histórico De Quito: Notas Para El Desarrollo De Una Política Urbana Alternativa, Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

De un tiempo a esta parte, la problemática de los centros históricos se ha convertido en tema de debate dentro de las políticas urbanas en América Latina. Hoy, por lo menos en el caso de Quito, es uno de los puntos nodales de la polémica sobre la ciudad. La focalización del problema tiene que ver con los siguientes aspectos que merecen ser destacados: a. El creciente deterioro que vienen sufriendo los centros históricos como consecuencia de ciertos fenómenos naturales y de hechos económico-sociales inscritos en los procesos de modernización que se han desarrollado, en su momento, en cada uno de …

Descentralización Desde La Diversidad Del Pensamiento, Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

La descentralización como proceso de reorganización de la sociedad y del Estado está presente en el Ecuador de hoy, más como discurso que como realidad. Como discurso. Porque el proceso de concentración aún no ha concluido y porque todavía no se avizora un proyecto hegemónico que lo contrarreste.

El discurso descentralizador carece de una estrategia explícita y más bien tiende a desarrollarse a partir de ciertos intentos aislados que darían lugar a pensar que se está cimentando el sujeto social de la descentralización, a la par que se definen, los contornos de su propuesta.

Por eso es importante y necesario …

Vinte Temas Sobre Os Centros Históricos Na América Latina, Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

Com a volta da prioridade á cidade construída, o centro histórico cobra um sentido diferente, apresentando novos desafios á cidade, á economia, á cultura e á política. Essa nova tendência explica-se, entre outras causas, pelos câmbios demográficos da América Latina, pelo desenvolvimento cientifico - tecnológico no âmbito da comunicação e pela consolidação dos mercados globais. A confluência de um novo padrão de urbanização com os processos de privatização e a degradação do centro histórico levam a valorizar a centralidade histórica e prantear a necessidade de desenvolver novas metodologias, técnicas e teorias que sustentem a interpretação e atuação sobre eles. Assim, …

Quito, Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

El Ecuador es un Estado social de derecho, soberano, unitario, independiente, democrático, pluricultural y multiétnico. Su gobierno es republicano, presidencial, electivo, representativo, responsable, alternativo, participativo; la administración es descentralizada. Para la administración del Estado y la representación política existen provincias, cantones y parroquias y la Constitución prevé circunscripciones territoriales indígenas y afroecuatorianas.

La ciudad de Quito es la capital de la República y su jurisdicción cantonal tiene el estatuto de Distrito metropolitano con competencias y funciones específicas en medio ambiente, transporte, uso de suelo y participación. El principal órgano del gobierno municipal es el Concejo constituido por quince concejales elegidos …

Quito, Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

L'Équateur est un état social de droit, souverain, unitaire, indépendant, démocratique, pluriculturel, multiethnique. Son gouvernement est républicain, présidentiel, électif, représentatif, responsable, alternatif, participatif; l'administration est décentralisée. Le découpage administratif consiste en provinces, cantons et paroisses; la Constitution prévoit des circonscriptions territoriales indiennes et afro-équatoriennes.

La ville de Quito est la capitale de la République ; sa juridiction a le statut de District métropolitain, avec des compétences et des fonctions spécifiques en matière d’environnement, de transports, d’usages du sol et participation. L'organe principal du gouvernement municipal est le Conseil, formé de 15 conseillers élus au suffrage universel et présidé par le …