Digital Commons Network^™

Treatment Access And Outcomes For Craniofacial Care: Patient And Parent Perspectives, Benjamin F. Lowe Iii

Theses and Dissertations

Objective: The purpose was to evaluate whether craniofacial patients and their parents have adequate access to care, perceive this care as high quality, and believe that the incorporation of telehealth visits would benefit their current system of craniofacial care. Methods: An original survey was developed and sent to families in treatment with the Virginia Commonwealth University craniofacial team. The tool was used to gather demographic information and assess opinions toward access to, outcomes of, and telehealth services for craniofacial care. Patients 18 years and older took the survey for themselves, while patients under 18 years old had a parent/guardian take …

The Application Of Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Simulation And Prediction In Orthognathic Surgery (Caspos) For Treating Dento-Skeletal Patients, Yu-Jen Chang, Shiu-Shiun Lin, Te-Ju Wu, Wen-Ching Tsai, Wei-Yung Hsu, Jui-Pin Lai

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

AIM: Computer-aided craniofacial reconstructions have been developed to allow surgeons to accurately simulate and predict the surgical outcome on complicated 3-D craniofacial structures. We have developed a new computerized method of 3-D simulation and prediction in orthognathic surgery (CASPOS) that not only enables clinicians to plan and simulate the surgical procedures, but also provides a bony "guiding splint" to allow surgeons to precisely position the bony segments into the planned location. This study is aimed for assessing the accuracy of simulation and prediction of our CASPOS protocol. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Fifteen adult patients with severe dento-skeletal discrepancies treated with orthodontics …

The Role Of Gsk3 Alpha And Beta In Embryonic Craniofacial Development, Harman Jassar

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Background: The GSK-3 genes (Gsk3a and Gsk3b) have been known to affect many cellular processes and signaling pathways some of which are implicated in the growth and development of the craniofacial skeleton.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of chondrocyte-specific deletion of Gsk3a and Gsk3b on the size of the mandible and craniofacial skeleton in embryonic mice.

Materials & Methods: Mice were bred to generate cartilage-specific Gsk3a and Gsk3b KO mice. On embryonic day 18.5 (E18.5) the offspring were gathered by caesarian section. Whole mount skeletal staining was completed on the specimens using …

Correlation Of Body Mass Index Percentile And Craniofacial Morphology: A Retrospective, Cross-Sectional Study, Adam G. Danze

Student Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Introduction: Obesity rates are rising exponentially in many countries around the world, particularly in the United States. This epidemic is affecting people of all ages, and little to no progress has been made it slow it down. Lack of physical activity and increased consumption of energy rich foods and caloric intake have been recognized as contributing factors for the concerning increase in the prevalence of obesity in child and adult populations. The high prevalence of obesity is believed to be a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, socioeconomic, cultural, and psychological factors. Childhood obesity is occurring at progressively younger ages, leading …

The Relationship Of Parent-Reported Symptoms Of Sleep-Disordered Breathing With The Presence Of Malocclusion And Craniofacial Disharmony In Pediatric Orthodontic Patients, Astin Barnes

Student Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Introduction: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is a term for breathing difficulties occurring during sleep and encompasses frequent loud snoring to Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). SDB in children has been linked to daytime sleepiness, poor school performance, hyperactivity, cardiovascular complications, impaired overall growth, development of malocclusion, and craniofacial disharmony. The American Academy of Pediatrics and the American Association of Orthodontists (AAO) urge more studies to educate about etiology, symptoms, and sequelae of SDB. Therefore, this study proposed to investigate the association between symptoms of SDB and malocclusion and craniofacial disharmony in children. Methods: The Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) was used to obtain …

Applications Of 3d Printing On Craniofacial Bone Repair: A Systematic Review, Michael Maroulakos, George Kamperos, Lobat Tayebi, Demetrios J. Halazonetis, Yijin Ren

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objectives

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting, a method derived from additive manufacturing technology, is a recent and ongoing trend for the construction of 3D volumetric structures. The purpose of this systematic review is to summarize evidence from existing human and animal studies assessing the application of 3D printing on bone repair and regeneration in the craniofacial region.

Data & sources

A rigorous search of all relevant clinical trials and case series was performed, based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The search was conducted in all available electronic databases and sources, supplemented by a manual search, in December 2017.

Study selection

43 …

Applications Of 3d Printing On Craniofacial Bone Repair, Michael Maroulakos, George Kamperos, Lobat Tayebi, Demetrios J. Halazonetis, Yijin Ren

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objectives

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting, a method derived from additive manufacturing technology, is a recent and ongoing trend for the construction of 3D volumetric structures. The purpose of this systematic review is to summarize evidence from existing human and animal studies assessing the application of 3D printing on bone repair and regeneration in the craniofacial region.

Data & sources

A rigorous search of all relevant clinical trials and case series was performed, based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The search was conducted in all available electronic databases and sources, supplemented by a manual search, in December 2017.

Study selection

43 …

The Development Of A Temporomandibular Force Simulator To Study Craniofacial Strain In-Vitro, Kenneth Kc Ip

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

An in-vitro musculoskeletal loading simulator was developed to replicate the internal forces of mastication, and then employed in a comparison of clinically relevant facial fracture repairs. Muscle forces are simulated by pneumatic pistons via 3D printed mounts that are reverse-engineered from CT scan to match muscle attachment sites, which are adhered to bone in order to simulate native stress distributions. Bite force and bone strain pattern of the craniofacial structure under load were measured using a force sensor and strain gauges respectively. In a series of five fresh-frozen cadaveric heads, it was found that strain patterns of the craniofacial structure …

Dental Applications Of Natural-Origin Polymers In Hard And Soft Tissue Engineering, Hossein E. Jazayeri, Mina D. Fahmy, Mehdi Razavi, Brett E. Stein, Aatif Nowman, Radi Masri, Lobat Tayebi

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Clinical advances in the treatment of dentoalveolar defects continue to evolve with the introduction of new innovations in regenerative medicine and tissue bioengineering. Recent developments in tissue engineering are aimed at safely and effectively regenerating a damaged or necrotic area by replenishing its cells and increasing surrounding gene expression. Various techniques have successfully given rise to porous scaffolds being used by clinicians to treat the defect and initiate the repair process. Tissue reconstruction using bioengineered scaffolds is advantageous over traditional autografting, since it prevents the instigation of pain and donor site morbidity while ultimately creating both the environment and machinery …

Densified Collagen-Fibril Biomaterials For Bone Tissue Engineering, Lauren E. Watkins

Open Access Theses

Millions of craniofacial bone defects occur annually as a result of trauma, congenital defects, disease, or tooth extraction. When present in the oral cavity, these defects are associated with adverse impacts on speech, mastication, and aesthetics. Thus, there is a clinical need for interventional strategies to restore and preserve alveolar bone mass to improve the success of future treatment options intended to reestablish functionality and aesthetics. Guided bone regeneration using bone grafts and a membrane represent the current standard of care for repairing alveolar bone defects, but face a number of limitations related to resorption time and structural integrity. Improvements …