Digital Commons Network^™

Design Of A New 3d‐Printed Joint Plug, Lobat Tayebi, Zhanfeng Cui, Hua Ye

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

This paper introduces a kit of parts as a novel three‐dimensional (3D)–printed joint plug, in which each of the parts function cooperatively to treat cartilage damage in joints of the human body (e.g., hips, wrists, elbow, knee, and ankle). Three required and one optional parts are involved in this plug. The first part is a 3D‐printed hard scaffold (bone portion) to accommodate bone cells, and the second is a 3D‐printed soft scaffold (cartilage portion) overlying the bone portion to accommodate chondrocytes. The third part of joint plug is a permeable membrane, termed film, to cover the entire plug to provide …

Billed And Paid Amounts For Preventive Procedures In Dental Medicaid, K. Wagner, Aniko Szabo, Elaye Okunseri, Christopher Okunseri

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objective:

To examine trends and variations in billed and paid amounts for preventive dental procedures by race/ethnicity, age, and sex in Wisconsin dental Medicaid.

Methods:

We analyzed data from the 2001 to 2013 Wisconsin Medicaid claims database for preventive dental procedures for children and adults. Billed and paid amounts for preventive dental procedures were aggregated over a visit and adjusted for inflation based on the Medical Care Consumer Price Index produced by the Bureau of Labor Statistics for 2013. Quantile regression was used to examine the trends over time and the effect of patient demographics.

Result:

At the 50th and …

Effect Of Biomimetic Mineralization On Enamel And Dentin: A Raman And Edx Analysis, Arndt Guentsch, Mina D. Fahmy, Contanze Wehrle, Sandor Nitzsche, Jürgen Popp, David C. Watts, Stefan Kranz, Christoph Krafft, Bernd W. Sigusch

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objective

To investigate the effect of an experimental biomimetic mineralization kit (BIMIN) on the chemical composition and crystallinity of caries-free enamel and dentin samples in vitro.

Methods

Enamel and dentin samples from 20 human teeth (10 for enamel; 10 for dentin) were divided into a control group without treatment and test samples with BIMIN treatment. Quantitative analysis of tissue penetration of fluoride, phosphate, and calcium was performed using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Mineralization depth was measured by Raman spectroscopy probing the symmetric valence vibration near 960 cm⁻¹ as a marker for crystallinity. EDX data was statistically analyzed using …

Effect Of Finish Line Design And Metal Alloy On The Marginal And Internal Gaps Of Selective Laser Melting Printed Copings, Adel Al Maaz, Geoffrey A. Thompson, Carl Drago, Hongseok An, David W. Berzins

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Statement of problem

Selective laser melting (SLM) technology has been introduced for printing metal dental restorations from Co-Cr base alloys or Au-Pt high noble alloys. However, information regarding the fit of restorations fabricated by using this technique is limited.

Purpose

The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine the effect of 3 different finish line designs on the marginal and internal gaps of metal copings made from a base (Co-Cr), high noble (Au-Pd-Ag), and noble alloy (Co-Pd) by using the SLM technology.

Material and methods

Three Ivorine right maxillary central incisors were prepared with a chamfer, deep chamfer, …

Effects Of Dental Composite Resin Monomers On Dental Pulp Cells, Thomas R. Schneider, Roxan Hakami-Tafreshi, Alexandra Tomasino-Perez, Lobat Tayebi, Doug Lobner

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Methacrylate monomers found in many dental materials cause toxicity to dental pulp cells but the mechanism of the toxicity is poorly understood. We used cultured human dental pulp cells to test the effects of three commonly used monomers; bisphenol-A-glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA), urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), and triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA). The order of toxicity was Bis-GMA>UDMA>TEGDMA. The toxicity correlated inversely with cystine uptake, with TEGDMA stimulating uptake and BisGMA and UDMA inhibiting uptake. Bis-GMA and UDMA induced oxidative stress, while TEGDMA did not. Toxicity correlated poorly with glutathione levels, as all compounds decreased cellular glutathione. TEGDMA is less toxic than …

Enhancing Cell Seeding And Osteogenesis Of Mscs On 3d Printed Scaffolds Through Injectable Bmp2 Immobilized Ecm-Mimetic Gel, Farahnaz Fahimipour, Erfan Dashtimoghadam, Mohammad Mahdi Hasani-Sadrabadi, Jessica Vargas, Daryoosh Vashaee, Doug Lobner, Tahereh S. Jafarzadeh Kashi, Behnam Ghasemzadeh, Lobat Tayebi

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Objective

Design of bioactive scaffolds with osteogenic capacity is a central challenge in cell-based patient-specific bone tissue engineering. Efficient and spatially uniform seeding of (stem) cells onto such constructs is vital to attain functional tissues. Herein we developed heparin functionalized collagen gels supported by 3D printed bioceramic scaffolds, as bone extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimetic matrices. These matrices were designed to enhance cell seeding efficiency of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as well as improve their osteogenic differentiation through immobilized bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) to be used for personalized bone regeneration.

Methods

A 3D gel based on heparin-conjugated collagen matrix capable of …

Effect Of Heat-Treatment Time On Bending Properties Of Cobolt-Chromium Orthodontic Wires, Melanie Hammerbeck

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Different protocols appear in the literature with respect to heat-treating cobalt-chromium orthodontic wires. The objective was to determine the effect of variable heat-treatment time and method on the bending properties of CoCr wires. Two tempers of CoCr ‘Elgiloy’ wires (Rocky Mountain Orthodontics), blue (B) and yellow (Y), were heat-treated for different durations. The groups (n=20/group/temper) included: 1) as-received (control); 2) brush-flame; 3) 480oC for 5sec; 4) 480oC for 10min; 5) 480oC for 2hr; and 6) 480oC for 5hr. Wire segments were tested by a three-point bend test. Stiffness/flexural modulus, percent recovery, and force values at select deflections were statistically compared …

Testing Allostatic Load Factor Structures Among Adolescents: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach, Amanda L. King, Mauricio Garnier-Villarreal, Amanda M. Simanak, Norah L. Johnson

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Objectives

Allostatic load (AL) represents cumulative biological “wear and tear” that results from chronic stress exposure over time, ultimately increasing risk for chronic disease. A consensus is lacking regarding the best operationalization of AL, particularly for younger, less studied populations. The purpose of this study was to test multiple hypothesized factor structures for AL to determine the best measurement approach for adolescents.

Methods

We analyzed biologic data for 1900 adolescents aged 12‐18 from four waves (2003‐2010) of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. AL indicator variables included cardiovascular (systolic BP, creatinine), metabolic (HDL, LDL, triglycerides, insulin, fasting glucose, HA1C, …

Urban Partnerships To Address Health Literacy In High Need Populations, Abiola O. Keller, Amy Vuyk, Joshua Knox

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Low health literacy disproportionately affects racial and ethnic minority communities and lower-income socioeconomic groups. To address this critical determinant of health inequity, two nonprofit organizations, Repairers of the Breach, a day shelter for individuals experiencing homelessness, and Bread of Healing a neighborhood-based clinic serving individuals with low incomes, partnered with researchers at Marquette University to implement and evaluate an evidence-supported health literacy program. The partnership delivered the curriculum in seven one-hour sessions over seven weeks. The program attendees were predominantly African American men and women from 19–73 years old. Most participants had formal education ranging from elementary school to some …

Efficacy Of Invisalign Attachments: A Retrospective Study, Theresa Karras

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Objective: To compare the efficacy of Invisalign’s (Align Technology, Inc., Santa Clara, CA) optimized and conventional attachments on rotational and extrusive tooth movements.Materials and Methods: Initial, predicted, and achieved digital dental models from 100 orthodontic patients were exported from Invisalign’s ClinCheck software as stereolithography (STL) files and subsequently imported into the Slicer CMF program (open source, version 4.7.0) for superimpositions on posterior teeth with no planned movement. Rotational and extrusive measurements for both optimized and conventional attachment types were made on 382 teeth from the superimposition of the initial and predicted models (“predicted movement”) and from the superimposed initial and …

Comparison Of Gingival Retraction Materials Using A New Gingival Sulcus Model, Marco Dederichs, Mina D. Fahmy, Harald Kuepper, Arndt Guentsch

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose

To investigate the pressure generated by different retraction materials using a novel gingival sulcus model.

Materials and Methods

A gingival sulcus model was made using a polymer frame filled with silicon. A pressure sensor and a sulcus‐fluid simulation were embedded into the silicon chamber to evaluate the pressure generated by different retraction materials. Six sizes of Ultrapak retraction cords (Ultradent, sizes #000 ‐ 3), 4 retraction pastes (Expazen, Expasyl, Acteon, Access Edge, Traxodent) and 2 retraction gels (Sulcus Blue, Racegel) were analyzed. The mean and median pressure, interquartile range, and standard deviation (SD) of n = 10 repeated measurements …

Prevalence Of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization In Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Usa: A Pilot Study, Megan Davenport, Andrew D. Welles, Matina V. Angelopoulou, Cesar D. Gonzalez, Christopher Okunseri, Lori Barbeau, Naveen K. Bansal, Rodney Vergotine, Brian D. Hodgson

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose: This pilot study investigated the prevalence of Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) in third-grade school children in Milwaukee Wisconsin, USA.

Methods: A convenience sample of third-grade school children in the Milwaukee Public School System (MPS) participated in the study. Calibrated examiners trained on the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) MIH recommendations examined the children between December 1, 2014 and June 30, 2015. Children were examined at their schools using a flashlight and mirror after receiving consent from parents/caregivers and assent from each child. Findings were recorded onto a standardized form by one of five trained examiners. Summary statistics were calculated, …

Association Of Food Insecurity With Early Childhood Caries, Matina V. Angelopoulou, S. D. Shanti, Cesar Gonzalez, Ashley Love, Jeffrey Chaffin

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objectives

The aim of this study was to examine the association of food insecurity on the prevalence of dental caries in preschool children.

Methods

Eighty-two children, aged 12-71 months old, from the Marquette University School of Dentistry Community South Clinic and their caregivers participated in this cross-sectional study. Following informed consent, parents completed the validated six-item US Department of Agriculture food insecurity questionnaire and questions regarding demographic information and family structure. Upon clinical examination caries was recorded using the decayed, missing, filled teeth (dmft) index based on the International Caries Detection and Assessment System criteria.

Results

The correlation between dmft …

Injectable Gels With Potential Use In Endodontics, Maksim Montatskiy

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Objective: To formulate a thermoreversible hydrogel using methyl-cellulose, carbon dots and inorganic salts to achieve physiologically compatible gelation temperature; to test cytotoxic effects of formulation against dental pulp stem cells.Materials/Methods: A 5% w/v methylcellulose (MC) solution was prepared and equal volumes of NaCl aqueous solution were added to make various sodium chloride salt concentrations and reach the final MC concentration of 2.5%. Samples were analyzed using a shear rheometer to monitor complex shear viscosity as a function of temperature to arrive at onset gelation temperature closest to targeted temperature. Carbon dots were synthesized by thermal method using ammonium citrate …

An In Vitro Study Of Surface Alterations To Peek And Titanium And Its Effect Upon Human Gingival Fibroblasts, Maryam Gheisarifar

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Objective: Soft tissue attachment to different surfaces plays a pivotal role in long term success of dental implants. The aim of the current study was to evaluate viability and adhestion of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) upon specific surface modifications on different implant abutment materials. Material & Methods: A total of 150 specimens in 6 experimental groups were used: titanium alloy (Ti [smooth machined]), titanium laser-modified (TiL), PEEK (P [smooth machined]), PEEK laser-modified (PL), PEEK plasma treated (PP), PEEK laser and Plasma treated (PLP). The surface roughness (Sa), water contact angle (WCA), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were measured. Human gingival …

The Design And Physical Properties Of An Optimized Chitosan Hydrogel For Potential Use In Endodontics, Hunter Housley

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Introduction: The aim of this study was to synthesize an optimized chitosan/carbon dot hydrogel and measure its effects on the proliferation of dental pulp stem cells. Methods: 1.5% w/v chitosan hydrogel samples were fabricated with 300 mg/ml aqueous β-glycerol phosphate (β-GP) to create an optimized chitosan with a gelation onset temperature below 37°C. Spermidine-functionalized carbon dots (CDs) were added to test groups in concentrations of 25 µg/ml and 50 µg/ml. Complex shear viscosity of the prepared hydrogel samples was evaluated with a Kinexus pro+ shear rheometer (Malvern Panalytical). Samples were evaluated for cellular proliferation with dental pulp stem cells at …

The Influence Of Full Coverage Restorations On Pulp Vitality: A Ten-Year Retrospective Study, Abby Yavorek

Master's Theses (2009 -)

INTRODUCTION: The incidence of pulpal disease after delivery of a full-coverage crown has been previously described as between 2-19%. The objective of this study was to identify and analyze the factors that contribute to the incidence of NS-RCT after the delivery of single-unit full-coverage restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Insurance claims from 88,409 crown placements in the Delta Dental of Wisconsin Insurance database were analyzed from the years 2008 to 2017. The Cox Regression model was used to analyze the effect of the predictor variables on the survival of the tooth. Untoward events were defined as NS-RCT, tooth extraction, retreatment of …

Comparison Of Power Versus Manual Toothbrush In Reducing Gingivitis, Keerthi Kamreddy

Master's Theses (2009 -)

The purpose of the present 4-week, parallel-arm, single-blinded, clinical study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of a new power toothbrush in comparison with a standard flat trim ADA approved manual brush. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of powered toothbrush on gingivitis reduction compared to a manual toothbrush. Secondary objectives of this study are to evaluate the effectiveness of plaque removal.Materials & Methods: The study was a single-blinded parallel arm randomized controlled interventional trial. Forty-six male and female subjects with gingivitis (32 female and 16 males) with a mean age of 26 …

Effect Of Different Implant Abutment Materials On Optical Properties Of Translucent Monolithic Zirconia Crowns, Nisha Patel

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of implant abutment color on the final shade of monolithic translucent zirconia crowns. The null hypothesis was that abutment color or brand of zirconia would have no effect on color of monolithic translucent zirconia crowns.Material and methods: A maxillary right central incisor implant (Nobel Replace Trilobe RP) in a dentoform model was used to mill customized abutments of titanium, gold-anodized titanium, pink-anodized titanium, and zirconium dioxide. An A2 dentin shade polymethyl methacrylate abutment was used as a control. Four types of zirconia systems (BruxZir Anterior; Glidewell Laboratories, LAVA …

Evaluation Of Accuracy Of Static Computer-Guided Implant Placement Compared With Partially-Guided Or Free-Hand Placement, Laxmi Sukhtankar

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Purpose: To evaluate precision and trueness of static computer-assisted implant surgery (sCAIS) in comparison with partially-guided and free-hand implant placement in vitro.Materials & Methods: The study was conducted on one hundred mandible replicas obtained from a cone beam computer tomography of a partially edentulous case for implant placement in mandibular right first molar site. First, the fully guided implant placement with different sleeve to bone distances (2mm = H2, 4mm = H4, 6mm= H6) was determined. Second, fully guided implant placement was compared with partially guided, and free implant placement. The achieved implant position was digitized and compared …

The Effectiveness Of Different Attachment Systems Maxillary And Mandibular Implant Overdentures, Gary L. Stafford

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Data sources Cochrane Oral Health's Trials Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Medline, Embase, the US National Institutes of Health Ongoing Trials Register (ClinicalTrials.gov) and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform.

Study selection Randomised controlled trials (RCTs), including cross-over trials on maxillary or mandibular implant overdentures with different attachment systems with at least one-year follow-up were considered. There were no restrictions on language or date of publication.

Data extraction and synthesis Data were abstracted by four reviewers with risk of bias being assessed using the Cochrane tool. Data were combined using a fixed effects …

Effect Of Airborne-Particle Abrasion On 3-Dimensional Surface Roughness And Characteristic Failure Load Of Fiber-Reinforced Posts, Georgios Maroulakos, Michael W. Wanserski, Michelle M. Wanserski, Ethan J. Schuler, Colin P. Egan, Geoffrey A. Thompson

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Statement of problem

Debonding is the most common complication of fiber-reinforced posts (FRPs). Airborne-particle abrasion (APA) has been suggested to increase resin cement adhesion to the surface of FRPs. However, which abrasion protocol is the most favorable is unclear.

Purpose

The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the surface roughness and characteristic failure load of three FRP systems following different APA protocols.

Material and methods

A total of 150 posts from 3 manufacturers (glass FRP, quartz FRP, and zirconia-enriched glass FRP) were randomly assigned to different surface treatments (NT: no treatment—control; E0: cleaned with 96% ethanol solution; …

Primary Molar Pulpotomies With Different Hemorrhage Control Agents And Base Materials: A Randomized Clinical Trial, G. Atasever, T. I. Keceli, Serdar Uysal, H. Cem Güngör, S. Olmez

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objective: To evaluate the clinical and radiographical success of primary molar pulpotomies which used 15.5% ferric sulfate (FS) or 1.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) for hemostasis and zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) and calcium hydroxide (CH) pastes as base materials.

Methods: In 29 healthy children, 80 primary molars were randomly allocated to one of the study groups: Group 1: FS-ZOE, Group 2: FS-CH, Group 3: NaOCl-ZOE, and Group 4: NaOCl-CH. After hemostasis with the respective solutions, pulp stumps and floor of the pulp chambers were covered with either ZOE or CH pastes. All teeth were restored with stainless steel crowns. Follow-up examinations were …

Applications Of 3d Printing On Craniofacial Bone Repair, Michael Maroulakos, George Kamperos, Lobat Tayebi, Demetrios J. Halazonetis, Yijin Ren

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objectives

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting, a method derived from additive manufacturing technology, is a recent and ongoing trend for the construction of 3D volumetric structures. The purpose of this systematic review is to summarize evidence from existing human and animal studies assessing the application of 3D printing on bone repair and regeneration in the craniofacial region.

Data & sources

A rigorous search of all relevant clinical trials and case series was performed, based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The search was conducted in all available electronic databases and sources, supplemented by a manual search, in December 2017.

Study selection

43 …

Applications Of 3d Printing On Craniofacial Bone Repair: A Systematic Review, Michael Maroulakos, George Kamperos, Lobat Tayebi, Demetrios J. Halazonetis, Yijin Ren

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objectives

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting, a method derived from additive manufacturing technology, is a recent and ongoing trend for the construction of 3D volumetric structures. The purpose of this systematic review is to summarize evidence from existing human and animal studies assessing the application of 3D printing on bone repair and regeneration in the craniofacial region.

Data & sources

A rigorous search of all relevant clinical trials and case series was performed, based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The search was conducted in all available electronic databases and sources, supplemented by a manual search, in December 2017.

Study selection

43 …

Culture Of Dental Pulp Stem Cells On Nanoporous Alumina Substrates Modified By Carbon Nanotubes, Ameneh Alizadeh, Amir Razmjou, Mehrorang Ghaedi, Ramin Jannesar, Fahimeh Tabatabaei, Vahid Pezeshkpour, Lobat Tayebi

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose: Alumina substrates are one of the commonly used scaffolds applied in cell culture, but in order to prevent formation of biofilm on the alumina substrate, these substrates are modified with carbon nanotube. Methods: The alumina substrate was made by a two-step anodization method and was then modified with carbon nanotubes by simple chemical reaction. The substrates were characterized with FTIR, SEM, EDX, 3D laser scanning digital microscope, contact angle (CA) and surface free energy (SFE). To determine how this modification influences the reduction of biofilm, biofilm of two various bacteria, Escherichia coli (E.coli) and Staphylococcus aureus ( …

Early Condylectomy: Biological Considerations, Diego Fernando López, Juliana Ruiz Botero, Luis Eduardo Almeida

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objective: To describe the early treatment of two patients with unilateral condylar hyperplasia (UCH) diagnosis and therapeutic surgical protocol (early condylectomy) supported by the current biological knowledge about the development and repair of mandibular condyle cartilage (MCC). Methods: Review of the literature and two case description of the treatment. The two patients were girls, 12 and 13 year old. The follow up period was of 3 years. SPECT diagnostic, radiographic, photographic and tomographic images are presented. Results: The literature summarized provides biological basis favoring the early treatment of UCH. The two cases were treated with the same surgical protocol obtaining …

Biomaterials Evaluation: Conceptual Refinements And Practical Reforms, Reza Masaeli, Kavosh Zandsalimi, Lobat Tayebi

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Regarding the widespread and ever-increasing applications of biomaterials in different medical fields, their accurate assessment is of great importance. Hence the safety and efficacy of biomaterials is confirmed only through the evaluation process, the way it is done has direct effects on public health. Although every biomaterial undergoes rigorous premarket evaluation, the regulatory agencies receive a considerable number of complications and adverse event reports annually. The main factors that challenge the process of biomaterials evaluation are dissimilar regulations, asynchrony of biomaterials evaluation and biomaterials development, inherent biases of postmarketing data, and cost and timing issues. Several pieces of evidence indicate …