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The Effect Of Pigmentation On Latex And Non-Latex Orthodontic Elastics, Dustin Wilson

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Background: Intraoral Elastics have been widely used in Orthodontics for well over 100 years. Changes in material composition, manufacturing and addition of color to elastics has shown to effect force levels over time.

Aim: The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of pigmentation on force levels and their degradation over time in both Latex and Non-Latex orthodontic intraoral elastics.

Materials & Methods: Groups consisted of elastics in Latex from American Orthodontics in both natural and four different colors, American Orthodontics Non-Latex in natural, Ormco Latex in both natural and four different colors, Auradonics Latex in both natural …

Evidence Of An Antigen Presenting Cell Phenotype In Granular Cell Tumours, Benjamin J W A Rogala

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Granular Cell Tumours (GCTs) are rare subepithelial lesions that are believed to develop from Schwann cells and are characterized by large polygonal cells with abundant lysosomes. Pilot studies from our laboratory showing unexpected HLA-DR immunoreactivity in GCTs lead us to hypothesize that GCTs have an antigen presenting cell (APC) phenotype.

To test our hypothesis, we assessed immunoreactivity of GCT lesions to APC phenotype markers, including CD68, HLA-DR, CD163, CD40 and CD11c. In addition, we assessed markers of neural crest cell (NCC) origin S100, SOX10, NSE and GAP43. Samples subjected to these studies included 23 cases of GCTs and 10 cases …

Mood And Anxiety Disorders, Measurement, And Migrant Groups In Ontario, Jordan Edwards

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Our objectives were to: (1) evaluate the current literature on the epidemiology of mood or anxiety disorders among migrant groups; (2) assess how current tools for measuring mood or anxiety disorders at the population level influence our understanding of the epidemiology by a) analyzing the concordance between two commonly used population measures, and b) using a Bayesian analysis to create a combined estimate using both measures; (3) estimate the prevalence and effects of potential risk factors on the prevalence of mood or anxiety disorders among first-generation migrant groups compared to the general population in Ontario. We conducted a systematic review …

A Clinically Representative Rat Model Of Hip Hemiarthroplasty, Adam Dm Paish

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Joint replacement is an increasingly common surgery with over 130,000 procedures performed annually in Canada. Although joint replacement surgery is highly successful, implants do not last a lifetime, and often have to be replaced via costly revision surgeries. Before innovations aimed at extending the life of implants are applied to the clinic, testing must be performed in animal models. Clinically representative small-animal models of joint replacement would be ideal in the initial stages of research and development, due to ease of handling and low costs, but few such models have been established in the literature. Thus, we describe the development …

Metal Additive Manufacturing For Fixed Dental Prostheses, Mai El Najjar

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The use of additive manufacturing (AM) in dentistry has gained momentum in recent years. However, high initial costs and uncertainty surrounding the quality of AM products are considered barriers to their use. This research compared dental substructures fabricated by AM versus conventional casting and milling.

Cobalt-chromium alloy rectangular bars and three-unit bridge substructures were fabricated by AM, casting or milling. Bars manufactured by AM exhibited superior flexural strength, shear bond strength of porcelain coating, and Vickers hardness. Bridge substructures fabricated by AM showed similar flexural stiffness to cast, similar flexural loads at failure to milled and cast, and overall accuracy …

Utilization Of Healthcare By Immigrants In Canada: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Of The Canadian Community Health Survey, Nisanthini Ravichandiran

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Immigrants to Canada face unique barriers to health care, which leads to inequities in the utilization of health care. Lower utilization of health care by immigrants to Canada is associated with the deteriorating health of individual immigrants as well as costs to the health care system. The existing literature suggests that time since immigration is an important predictor for utilization of healthcare for Canadian immigrants. This thesis uses Andersen and Newman’s Framework of Health Service Utilization and data from the 2015-2016 Canadian Community Health Survey to examine health care utilization among immigrants in Canada. The objectives were: (1) To examine …

Nurses' And Midwives' Experiences As Mentors In A Clinical Mentorship Program In Rwanda, Marie Chantal Murekatete

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

In Rwanda, the provision of maternal and child health care is often hindered by gaps in health care providers’ (HCP) knowledge and skills, and the management of pregnancy-related complications in health facilities. These factors contribute to maternal and child mortality rates (MMR). To help respond to the gaps, the Training Support and Access Model (TSAM) project implemented a practice-based clinical mentorship program (CMP) in the Northern and Southern provinces of Rwanda that involved mentors supporting mentees’ professional development to strengthen nurses’ and midwives’ capacity to provide knowledgeable maternal and child health care.

This qualitative descriptive study aimed to explore nurses’ …

Machine Learning For Prostate Histopathology Assessment, Wenchao Han

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Pathology reporting on radical prostatectomy (RP) specimens is essential to post-surgery patient care. However, current pathology interpretation of RP sections is typically qualitative and subject to intra- and inter-observer variability, which challenges quantitative and repeatable reporting of lesion grade, size, location, and spread. Therefore, we developed and validated a software platform that can automatically detect and grade cancerous regions on whole slide images (WSIs) of whole-mount RP sections to support quantitative and visual reporting. Our study used hæmatoxylin- and eosin-stained WSIs from 299 whole-mount RP sections from 71 patients, comprising 1.2 million 480μm×480μm regions-of-interest (ROIs) covering benign and cancerous tissues …

Optimizing Fecal Microbiota Transplantations For Therapeutic Use Beyond Clostridioides Difficile Infection, Laura J. Craven

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an emerging and effective therapy for the treatment of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection. Members of the gut microbiome have been implicated in other diseases and FMT has been considered as a potential therapy. Two such conditions include non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and multiple sclerosis (MS), both of which involve increased small intestinal permeability believed to contribute to the development and disease progression. One of the aims of this project was to determine if FMT could be safely used in patients with NAFLD and MS to improve health outcomes. Before starting the clinical studies, optimal …

A Coaching And/Or Education Intervention Targeting Physical Activity And Nutrition Behaviours In Parents With Overweight/Obesity And Their Children, Shazya Karmali

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The purpose of this dissertation is to provide a detailed overview of, findings from, and experiences participating in a 3-month randomized controlled trial (RCT) targeting obesity-related behaviours in parents with overweight/obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 25 kg/m²) and their children (2.5-10 years old, any weight; N = 50 dyads). A concurrent mixed methods study comprised of an RCT and descriptive qualitative design was utilized. Parent-participants received Co-Active Life Coaching (CALC) and webinar-based health education (intervention) or education only (control). To address the dissertation’s purpose, Chapter II provides a detailed methodological account of the program, including rationale and …

Survey Of Canadian Orthodontists Regarding Orthodontic Miniscrew Usage, Leah A. Van Sant

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Purpose: To obtain information on the clinical utilization of orthodontic miniscrews (OMSs) among orthodontists in Canada

Methods: Web-based software was used to fabricate a questionnaire in which respondents were asked questions regarding their usage of OMSs in their clinical practice. The survey consisted of between 11 and 39 questions, depending on the respondents’ answers. The survey was distributed via email to the 353 active Canadian members of the American Association of Orthodontists (AAO).

Results: A total of 82 Canadian orthodontists responded to the survey, for a response rate of 23.2%. Among them, 65.8% currently used miniscrews in their clinical practice. …