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Normative Practices And Normative Identities: A Critical Feminist Investigation Of Pregnancy Ultrasound, Bethany Riddle
Normative Practices And Normative Identities: A Critical Feminist Investigation Of Pregnancy Ultrasound, Bethany Riddle
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Pregnancy ultrasound has gained popularity in recent decades. In the U.S. and other industrialized countries, it is an expected part of the medical monitoring that accompanies pregnancy. Most scientific, medical and popular opinions of pregnancy ultrasound consider it to be unequivocally beneficial. However, following feminist researchers who note the potential for the ultrasound to act as a form of surveillance, medicalize the body of the woman while simultaneously removing it from the picture, and sediment the reality of pregnancy, I took as my starting point the idea that it is important that we investigate technologies that are taken for granted …
On The Day You Were Born: A Phenomenological Study Of Fathers' Experience Of Being Present At Their Children's Birth, Nick Williams
On The Day You Were Born: A Phenomenological Study Of Fathers' Experience Of Being Present At Their Children's Birth, Nick Williams
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation is a qualitative investigation into the lived experience of becoming a father through witnessing the event of childbirth. I analyze transcripts of conversations between five fathers and myself using a phenomenological method to distinguish meaningful and psychologically significant statements. I then weave these statements into a series of thematically and structurally consistent narratives that reflect the fathers' attitudes and experiences concerning becoming and being a father. From these narratives, I draw together themes that appeared across multiple fathers' stories. These themes consist of the father's relationship with the social world, including fathers in relation to other fathers and …
Depression, Volition, And Death: The Effect Of Depressive Disorders On The Autonomous Choice To Forgo Medical Treatment, Matthew Butkus
Depression, Volition, And Death: The Effect Of Depressive Disorders On The Autonomous Choice To Forgo Medical Treatment, Matthew Butkus
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Many contemporary models of medical ethics champion patient autonomy to counterbalance historically paternalistic decision-making processes. These models tend to suggest an autonomous agent free from cognitive bias and systematic distortion (e.g., Kantian or Cartesian rational agents). Evidence is emerging from the fields of cognitive psychology, cognitive science, and neuroscience that fundamentally challenge this cognitive model, demonstrating the dependence of cognition on deeper, avolitional structures (e.g., backstage cognition, cognitive heuristics and biases, automaticity, emotionally-valenced memory, etc.), and hence, shifting the cognitive model towards reductionistic and deterministic philosophies and psychologies. Medical ethics models must adapt their sense of autonomy in light of …
The Diverse Identities Of Biracial Persons: Antecedent Factors, Well-Being And Multicultural Effectiveness., Michiko S. Motomura
The Diverse Identities Of Biracial Persons: Antecedent Factors, Well-Being And Multicultural Effectiveness., Michiko S. Motomura
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of the current study was to explore the diverse racial identities of biracial individuals; the relationship between identity and several individual, interpersonal, and structural factors; and the impact identity may have on psychological well-being and multicultural effectiveness. To examine the racial identity of biracial individuals in North America, 236 individuals living in Canada or the United States of White and non-White racial backgrounds completed an internet survey. Based on their indication of how they identified in their private thoughts, participants were placed in one of four private identity categories: single non-White identity (SNWI), single White identity (SWI), dual …
The Effects Of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (Haart) On Neuropsychological Status In Hiv-Infection: A Prospective Study., Susan E. Hayman-Abello
The Effects Of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (Haart) On Neuropsychological Status In Hiv-Infection: A Prospective Study., Susan E. Hayman-Abello
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has resulted in significant reductions in HIV morbidity and mortality but the longitudinal effects on cognition are less well known. This longitudinal study examined the effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on cognitive performance in adults with HIV. Three hundred eighty-six adults representing all stages of HIV disease were tested at baseline and 180 of those subjects underwent a follow-up assessment. Subjects who were on HAART outperformed subjects on a non-HAART regimen, and those taking no antiretroviral medications, on the Grooved Pegboard Test, and were less impaired overall, at Time 1 …
Truth As Relationship: The Psychology Of E. Graham Howe, Ian Charles Edwards
Truth As Relationship: The Psychology Of E. Graham Howe, Ian Charles Edwards
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Dr. Eric Graham Howe (d. 1975) was one of the most important psychologists in early 20th century Britain. Yet, for the most part, his work is relatively unknown. Howe was unjustly dismissed by the psychoanalytic community of his time. Howe was not only left out of the history of psychoanalysis, but also the history of psychology. Because of Howe's uninhibited eclecticism, because both the psychoanalytic and psychological literatures have ignored his work, and because he contributed to his own posthumous neglect, it was necessary to write a comprehensive survey of Howe's writings. Such a survey demonstrated the depth of his …
Factors Related To Muscle-Building Supplement Use And Non-Use In Males., Melanie Kelly
Factors Related To Muscle-Building Supplement Use And Non-Use In Males., Melanie Kelly
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Although researchers have begun to study issues related to anabolic steroid use among males, similar studies focusing on legal muscle-building supplements are virtually non-existent. This is despite the likelihood that there are far more users of legal muscle-building supplements than users of anabolic-androgenic steroids. Given that supplements that purport to increase lean muscularity have not been found to be effective and may pose health risks to users, the identification of user characteristics and reasons for use are necessary in order to design education and prevention programs. Variables that have been studied with women in the context of eating pathology have …
The Relationship Among Wellness, Severity Of Disturbance, And Social Desirability Of Entering Master's-Level Counseling Students, Heather Smith
The Relationship Among Wellness, Severity Of Disturbance, And Social Desirability Of Entering Master's-Level Counseling Students, Heather Smith
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A wellness paradigm may hold promise for unifying and strengthening the identity of the counseling profession. The construct of wellness may also hold implications for assessment of entering master's-level counseling students, as a tool for continuous evaluation of students, or for overall program evaluation. In this study, the only counseling-based wellness assessment measure, the Five Factor Wellness Evaluation of Lifestyle, was tested for its relationship to two other constructs: psychological disturbance and social desirability. In order to test the research hypotheses, a total of nine programs (in five states) and 204 entering master's-level counseling students completed instrumentation packets comprised of …
Effects Of A Cognitive Specific Imagery Intervention On The Soccer Skill Performance Of Young Athletes Aged 11--12 And 13--14: A Developmental Perspective., Lisa Murphy
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The primary purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of a cognitive specific imagery intervention on the soccer skill performance of young athletes aged 11--12 and 13--14 years and determine if such performances vary with age and gender. A secondary purpose was to determine if such performances are a result of imagery function. Participants were 68 soccer athletes belonging to eight different teams. Teams were randomly assigned to either a CS or MG-A imagery group. Athletes were administered the SIQ-C and tested on the soccer skill to determine baseline performance. Following the intervention, athletes were tested on …
Psychological Survival: Selective Coping Strategies Among Canadians Of African Descent Responding To Racial Discrimination., Justine Joseph
Psychological Survival: Selective Coping Strategies Among Canadians Of African Descent Responding To Racial Discrimination., Justine Joseph
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The present study explores the selection of Africultural coping strategies (i.e., Spiritual-Centred, Collective, Ritual-Centred) and conventional Eurocentric coping strategies (i.e., Problem-Focused, Emotion-focused) among Canadians of African descent (N=190) responding to three types of racial discrimination (i.e., Interpersonal, Institutional, Cultural), and the relative importance of these strategies in managing psychological distress. The results indicated that Canadians of African descent utilize both Africultural and conventional Eurocentric coping strategies when responding to racial discrimination. However, preferences for these coping strategies depend on the type of racial discrimination being encountered. Preferences for conventional Eurocentric and Africultural coping resources in response to different types of …
Culturally-Derived Values And Beliefs As Correlates Of Risk For Problem Gambling., Melissa C. Hobbs
Culturally-Derived Values And Beliefs As Correlates Of Risk For Problem Gambling., Melissa C. Hobbs
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of the current study was to examine the relation between culturally-derived values and beliefs and risk for problem gambling. In Study 1, 331 participants completed web-based versions of the Individualism-Collectivism Scale, Social Axioms Survey (SAS), the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI), and the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (MC-SDS). In Study 2, 90 participants completed these measures. Results were mixed with regard to the relation between Horizontal/Vertical Individualistic/Collectivistic values and risk for problem gambling as measured by the PGSI. However, it was found in both studies that risk for problem gambling was positively correlated with beliefs in Fate Control …
Depth Of Experiencing And Use Of Emotion Words In Trauma Narratives As Performance Indices Of Alexithymia., Trang K. Le
Depth Of Experiencing And Use Of Emotion Words In Trauma Narratives As Performance Indices Of Alexithymia., Trang K. Le
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The present study examined depth of experiencing and use of emotion words in trauma narratives as performance indices of alexithymia. The construct of alexithymia represents deficits in emotional awareness and regulation. The study employed archival data (written trauma narratives and self-report measures) collected from 60 female, undergraduate psychology students. Alexithymia was assessed using the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS; Bagby, Parker, & Taylor, 1994a, 1994b). Depth of experiencing was rated using the Client Experiencing Scale (EXP; Klien, Mathieu-Coughlan, & Kiesler, 1986). The Emotions Library (Mind Reading Emotions Library, 2004), a computer software program, was used to define emotion word for the …
A Study Of Word Frequency In Written Urdu, Quratulain H. Khan
A Study Of Word Frequency In Written Urdu, Quratulain H. Khan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Performance on word processing tasks is known to be influenced by the frequency with which words occur in a language. Large and robust effects of word frequency occur across languages and the processes thought to be sensitive to word frequency are considered fundamentally important characteristics of the mental lexicon (Monsell, 1991). A major role of these frequency sensitive processes is embedded in most models of word recognition. Indeed the adequacy of models of word recognition hinges upon their ability to explain this pervasive effect. Thus, it is imperative to understand the effects of frequency in the processing of any language …
Imaginal Confrontation Versus Evocative Empathy In Emotion-Focused Trauma Therapy., Margaret Brigitte Ralston
Imaginal Confrontation Versus Evocative Empathy In Emotion-Focused Trauma Therapy., Margaret Brigitte Ralston
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This study is part of a larger, ongoing study comparing two versions of Emotion Focused Trauma Therapy (EFTT) for adult childhood abuse survivors (Paivio, Jarry, & Holowaty, 2004). Previously, the main vehicle for trauma exploration was the imaginal confrontation (IC) intervention (Paivio & Neiuwenhuis, 2001). However, because some clients found IC difficult to engage in, evocative empathy (EE) was developed as a viable but gentler alternative. The present study explored the similarities and differences between IC and EE by examining key client processes, specifically experiencing, emotional arousal, and therapeutic alliance (N = 30). Associations between processes and client characteristics and …