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Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Tests Of Parallel Molecular Evolution In A Long-Term Experiment With Escherichia Coli, Margaret Riley, Robert Woods, Dominique Schneider, Cynthia L. Winkworth, Richard E. Lenski
Tests Of Parallel Molecular Evolution In A Long-Term Experiment With Escherichia Coli, Margaret Riley, Robert Woods, Dominique Schneider, Cynthia L. Winkworth, Richard E. Lenski
Margaret Riley
The repeatability of evolutionary change is difficult to quantify because only a single outcome can usually be observed for any precise set of circumstances. In this study, however, we have quantified the frequency of parallel and divergent genetic changes in 12 initially identical populations of Escherichia coli that evolved in identical environments for 20,000 cell generations. Unlike previous analyses in which candidate genes were identified based on parallel phenotypic changes, here we sequenced four loci (pykF, nadR, pbpA-rodA, and hokB/sokB) in which mutations of unknown effect had been discovered in one population, and then we compared the substitution pattern in …
Belladonna/Lhx2 Is Required For Neural Patterning And Midline Axon Guidance In The Zebrafish Forebrain, Anandita Seth, James Culverwell, Mitchell Walkowicz, Sabrina Toro, Jens M. Rick, Stephan C.F. Neuhauss, Zoltan M. Varga, Rolf O. Karlstrom
Belladonna/Lhx2 Is Required For Neural Patterning And Midline Axon Guidance In The Zebrafish Forebrain, Anandita Seth, James Culverwell, Mitchell Walkowicz, Sabrina Toro, Jens M. Rick, Stephan C.F. Neuhauss, Zoltan M. Varga, Rolf O. Karlstrom
Rolf O Karlstrom
Some of the earliest axon pathways to form in the vertebrate forebrain are established as commissural and retinal axons cross t he midline of the diencephalon and telencephalon. To better understand axon guidance in the forebrain, we characterized the zebrafish belladonna ( bel ) mutation, which disrupts commissural and retinal axon guidance in the forebrain. Using a positional cloning strategy, we determined that the bel locus encodes zebrafish Lhx2, a lim-homeodomain transcription factor expressed in the brain, eye and fin buds. We show that bel(lhx2) function is required for patterning in the ventral forebrain and eye, and that loss of …
Motion Flow Estimation From Image Sequences With Applications To Biological Growth And Motility, Gang Dong, Tobias I. Baskin, Kannappan Palaniappan
Motion Flow Estimation From Image Sequences With Applications To Biological Growth And Motility, Gang Dong, Tobias I. Baskin, Kannappan Palaniappan
Biology Department Faculty Publication Series
In this paper, a new method for motion flow estimation that considers errors in all the derivative measurements is presented. Based on the total least squares (TLS) model, we accurately estimate the motion flow in the general noise case by combining noise model (in form of covariance matrix) with a parametric motion model. The proposed algorithm is tested on two different types of biological motion, a growing plant root and a gastrulating embryo, with sequences obtained microscopically. The local, instantaneous velocity field estimated by the algorithm reveals the behavior of the underlying cellular elements.
Cortical Microtubule Arrays Lose Uniform Alignment Between Cells And Are Oryzalin Resistant In The Arabidopsis Mutant, Radially Swollen 6, A Bannigan, Amd Wiedemeier, Re Williamson, Rl Overall, Ti Baskin
Cortical Microtubule Arrays Lose Uniform Alignment Between Cells And Are Oryzalin Resistant In The Arabidopsis Mutant, Radially Swollen 6, A Bannigan, Amd Wiedemeier, Re Williamson, Rl Overall, Ti Baskin
Biology Department Faculty Publication Series
No abstract provided.
Suprachiasmatic Regulation Of Circadian Rhythms Of Gene Expression In Hamster Peripheral Organs: Effects Of Transplanting The Pacemaker, Hg Guo, Jm Brewer, Mn Lehman, El Bittman
Suprachiasmatic Regulation Of Circadian Rhythms Of Gene Expression In Hamster Peripheral Organs: Effects Of Transplanting The Pacemaker, Hg Guo, Jm Brewer, Mn Lehman, El Bittman
Biology Department Faculty Publication Series
No abstract provided.
The Quick And The Fast: The Evolution Of Acceleration Capacity In Anolis Lizards, Bieke Vanhooydonck, Anthony Herrel, Raoul Van Damme, Duncan J. Irschick
The Quick And The Fast: The Evolution Of Acceleration Capacity In Anolis Lizards, Bieke Vanhooydonck, Anthony Herrel, Raoul Van Damme, Duncan J. Irschick
Biology Department Faculty Publication Series
Although of prime ecological relevance, acceleration capacity is a poorly understood locomotor performance trait in terrestrial vertebrates. No empirical data exist on which design characteristics determine acceleration capacity among species and whether these design traits influence other aspects of locomotor performance. In this study we explore how acceleration capacity and sprint speed have evolved in Anolis lizards. We investigate whether the same or different morphological traits (i.e., limb dimensions and muscle mass) correlate with both locomotor traits. Within our sample of Anolis lizards, relative sprint speed and acceleration capacity coevolved. However, whereas the variation in relative acceleration capacity is primarily …
Belladonna/(Lhx2) Is Required For Neural Patterning And Midline Axon Guidance In The Zebrafish Forebrain, Anandita Seth, Jay Culverwell, Mitch Walkowicz, Sabrina Toro, Jens M. Rick, Stephan Neuhauss, Zoltan M. Varga, Rolf O. Karlstrom
Belladonna/(Lhx2) Is Required For Neural Patterning And Midline Axon Guidance In The Zebrafish Forebrain, Anandita Seth, Jay Culverwell, Mitch Walkowicz, Sabrina Toro, Jens M. Rick, Stephan Neuhauss, Zoltan M. Varga, Rolf O. Karlstrom
Biology Department Faculty Publication Series
Some of the earliest axon pathways to form in the vertebrate forebrain are established as commissural and retinal axons cross the midline of the diencephalon and telencephalon. To better understand axon guidance in the forebrain, we characterized the zebrafish belladonna (bel) mutation, which disrupts commissural and retinal axon guidance in the forebrain. Using a positional cloning strategy we determined that the bel locus encodes zebrafish Lhx2, a lim-homeodomain transcription factor expressed in the brain, eye, and fin buds. We show that bel(lhx2) function is required for patterning in the ventral forebrain and eye and that loss of bel …
The Ferm Protein Yurt Is A Negative Regulatory Component Of The Crumbs Complex That Controls Epithelial Polarity And Apical Membrane Size, Patrick Laprise, Siobodan Beronja, Nancy F. Silva-Gagliardi, Milena Pellikka, Abbie M. Jensen, C. Jane Mcglade, Ulrich Tepass
The Ferm Protein Yurt Is A Negative Regulatory Component Of The Crumbs Complex That Controls Epithelial Polarity And Apical Membrane Size, Patrick Laprise, Siobodan Beronja, Nancy F. Silva-Gagliardi, Milena Pellikka, Abbie M. Jensen, C. Jane Mcglade, Ulrich Tepass
Biology Department Faculty Publication Series
The Crumbs (Crb) complex is a key regulator of epithelial cell architecture where it promotes apical membrane formation. Here, we show that binding of the FERM protein Yurt to the cytoplasmic domain of Crb is part of a negative-feedback loop that regulates Crb activity. Yurt is predominantly a basolateral protein but is recruited by Crb to apical membranes late during epithelial development. Loss of Yurt causes an expansion of the apical membrane in embryonic epithelia and photoreceptor cells similar to Crb overexpression and in contrast to loss of Crb. Analysis of yurt crb double mutants suggests that these genes function …
Mosaic Eyes Is A Novel Component Of The Crumbs Complex And Negatively Regulates Photoreceptor Apical Size, Ya-Chu Hsu, John J. Willoughby, Arne K. Christensen, Abbie M. Jensen
Mosaic Eyes Is A Novel Component Of The Crumbs Complex And Negatively Regulates Photoreceptor Apical Size, Ya-Chu Hsu, John J. Willoughby, Arne K. Christensen, Abbie M. Jensen
Biology Department Faculty Publication Series
Establishment of apical-basal cell polarity has emerged as an important process during development, and the Crumbs complex is a major component of this process in Drosophila. By comparison, little is known about the role of Crumbs (Crb) proteins in vertebrate development. We show that the FERM protein Mosaic Eyes (Moe) is a novel regulatory component of the Crumbs complex. Moe coimmunoprecipitates with Ome/Crb2a and Nok (Pals1) from adult eye and in vitro interaction experiments suggest these interactions are direct. Morpholino knockdown of ome/crb2a phenocopies the moe mutations. Moe and Crumbs proteins colocalize apically and this apical localization …
Mutations In Arabidopsis Yellow Stripe-Like1 And Yellow Stripe-Like3 Reveal Their Roles In Metal Ion Homeostasis And Loading Of Metal Ions In Seeds, Elsbeth Walker, B. M. Waters, H. H. Chu, R. J. Didonato, L. A. Roberts, R. B. Eisley, B. Lahner, D. E. Salt
Mutations In Arabidopsis Yellow Stripe-Like1 And Yellow Stripe-Like3 Reveal Their Roles In Metal Ion Homeostasis And Loading Of Metal Ions In Seeds, Elsbeth Walker, B. M. Waters, H. H. Chu, R. J. Didonato, L. A. Roberts, R. B. Eisley, B. Lahner, D. E. Salt
Elsbeth Walker
Here, we describe two members of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Yellow Stripe-Like (YSL) family, AtYSL1 and AtYSL3. The YSL1 and YSL3 proteins are members of the oligopeptide transporter family and are predicted to be integral membrane proteins. YSL1 and YSL3 are similar to the maize (Zea mays) YS1 phytosiderophore transporter (ZmYS1) and the AtYSL2 iron (Fe)-nicotianamine transporter, and are predicted to transport metal-nicotianamine complexes into cells. YSL1 and YSL3 mRNAs are expressed in both root and shoot tissues, and both are regulated in response to the Fe status of the plant. β-Glucuronidase reporter expression, driven by YSL1 and YSL3 promoters, …
The Role Of Arp2/3 And Scar/Wave Complexes In Polar Growth Of The Apical Cell Of The Moss Physcomitrella, Rs Quatrano, Pf Perroud, P Harries, M Bezanilla, Ah Pan, P Klueh, D Cove
The Role Of Arp2/3 And Scar/Wave Complexes In Polar Growth Of The Apical Cell Of The Moss Physcomitrella, Rs Quatrano, Pf Perroud, P Harries, M Bezanilla, Ah Pan, P Klueh, D Cove
Magdalena Bezanilla
No abstract provided.
Multifunctionality And Mechanical Origins: Ballistic Jaw Propulsion In Trap-Jaw Ants, Sheila Patek, J. E. Baio, B. L. Fisher, A. V. Suarez
Multifunctionality And Mechanical Origins: Ballistic Jaw Propulsion In Trap-Jaw Ants, Sheila Patek, J. E. Baio, B. L. Fisher, A. V. Suarez
Sheila Patek
Extreme animal movements are usually associated with a single, high-performance behavior. However, the remarkably rapid mandible strikes of the trap-jaw ant, Odontomachus bauri, can yield multiple functional outcomes. Here we investigate the biomechanics of mandible strikes in O. bauri and find that the extreme mandible movements serve two distinct functions: predation and propulsion. During predatory strikes, O. bauri mandibles close at speeds ranging from 35 to 64 m·s−1 within an average duration of 0.13 ms, far surpassing the speeds of other documented ballistic predatory appendages in the animal kingdom. The high speeds of the mandibles assist in capturing prey, while …
A High-Resolution Map Of Arabidopsis Recombinant Inbred Lines By Whole-Genome Array Hybridization, Samuel P. Hazen, T. S. Singer, Y. Fan, H. S. Chang, T. Zhu, S. P. Briggs
A High-Resolution Map Of Arabidopsis Recombinant Inbred Lines By Whole-Genome Array Hybridization, Samuel P. Hazen, T. S. Singer, Y. Fan, H. S. Chang, T. Zhu, S. P. Briggs
Samuel P Hazen
Recombinant populations were the basis for Mendel's first genetic experiments and continue to be key to the study of genes, heredity, and genetic variation today. Genotyping several hundred thousand loci in a single assay by hybridizing genomic DNA to oligonucleotide arrays provides a powerful technique to improve precision linkage mapping. The genotypes of two accessions of Arabidopsis were compared by using a 400,000 feature exon-specific oligonucleotide array. Around 16,000 single feature polymorphisms (SFPs) were detected in ~8,000 of the ~26,000 genes represented on the array. Allelic variation at these loci was measured in a recombinant inbred line population, which defined …
A Small Acidic Protein 1 (Smap1) Mediates Responses Of The Arabidopsis Root To The Synthetic Auxin 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid, A Rahman, A Nakasone, T Chhun, C Ooura, Kk Biswas, H Uchimiya, S Tsurumi, Ti Baskin, A Tanaka, Y Oono
A Small Acidic Protein 1 (Smap1) Mediates Responses Of The Arabidopsis Root To The Synthetic Auxin 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid, A Rahman, A Nakasone, T Chhun, C Ooura, Kk Biswas, H Uchimiya, S Tsurumi, Ti Baskin, A Tanaka, Y Oono
Biology Department Faculty Publication Series
No abstract provided.
The Role Of Arp2/3 And Scar/Wave Complexes In Polar Growth Of The Apical Cell Of The Moss Physcomitrella, Rs Quatrano, Pf Perroud, P Harries, M Bezanilla, Ah Pan, P Klueh, D Cove
The Role Of Arp2/3 And Scar/Wave Complexes In Polar Growth Of The Apical Cell Of The Moss Physcomitrella, Rs Quatrano, Pf Perroud, P Harries, M Bezanilla, Ah Pan, P Klueh, D Cove
Biology Department Faculty Publication Series
No abstract provided.