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Vadose-Zone Leaching And Saturated-Zone Mixing Model In Heterogeneous Layers, Samuel S. Lee
Vadose-Zone Leaching And Saturated-Zone Mixing Model In Heterogeneous Layers, Samuel S. Lee
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
A screening level model was developed for simulation of pollutant migration through the vadose-zone and subsequent mixing within the saturated-zone. This one-dimensional finite difference model simulates the transport processes of liquid-phase advection, liquid- and vapor-phase dispersion, sorption, and decay of the contaminant. Using a simple mass-balance technique, the saturated-zone module estimates mixing of the vadose-zone leachate with groundwater. The model can be a useful tool in making preliminary assessments of the potential impacts of contaminants in the subsurface. The model can handle vertical heterogeneity of the soil columns and non-uniform initial contaminant concentration. The model was verified by comparing to …
Neural Identification Of Fuzzy Anomalies In Pressurized Water Systems, Joaquín Izquierdo, R. Pérez, P. A. López, P. L. Iglesias
Neural Identification Of Fuzzy Anomalies In Pressurized Water Systems, Joaquín Izquierdo, R. Pérez, P. A. López, P. L. Iglesias
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
The objective of a Water Supply System (WSS) is to convey treated water to consumers through a pressurized network of pipes. A number of meters and gauges are used to take continuous or periodic measurements that are sent via a telemetry system to the control and operation centre and used to monitor the network. Using this typically limited number of measures together with demand predictions the state of the system must be assessed. Suitable state estimation is of paramount importance in diagnosing leaks and other anomalies in WSS. But this task can be really cumbersome, if not unattainable, for human …
A Component To Simulate Agricultural Management, Marcello Donatelli, Frits Van Evert, A. Di Guardo, Myriam Adam, Kamal Kansou
A Component To Simulate Agricultural Management, Marcello Donatelli, Frits Van Evert, A. Di Guardo, Myriam Adam, Kamal Kansou
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Quantifying the impact of agricultural management on production and system externalities is the goal of many agricultural modeling studies. Here we consider only those drivers of farmers’ decision making that are based on the state of the agricultural system. Agricultural management must be simulated in such a way to mimic as closely as possible farmers’ behaviour. Limiting the drivers of the decision making process to the biophysical system implies that each action must be triggered at run time via a set of rules which can be based on the state of the system, on constraints of resources availability, and on …
Multiobjective Optimization Procedure For Control Strategies In Environmental Systems, Xavier Flores, Joaquim Comas, Ignasi Rodríguez-Roda, Laureano Jiménez, Rene Bañares-Alcántara
Multiobjective Optimization Procedure For Control Strategies In Environmental Systems, Xavier Flores, Joaquim Comas, Ignasi Rodríguez-Roda, Laureano Jiménez, Rene Bañares-Alcántara
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
This paper presents a systematic procedure for multiobjective optimization of control strategies in environmental systems. The optimization of control strategies in environmental systems is a complex activity due to the large number of objectives that must be considered simultaneously e.g. economic, environmental, technical, legal. The accomplishment of those objectives generates significant synergies, but in many cases they are subject of clear trade-offs. This procedure is approached as a multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) and involves the quantification and normalization of a set of evaluation criteria and a weighted sum. A sensitivity analysis is also included in order to show the variation …
Model-Based Identification And Scaling Indicators Of Landscape Processes: State-Of-The-Art And Problem-Oriented Solutions, Martin Volk, K. Schulz, Ralf Seppelt, Sven Lautenbach
Model-Based Identification And Scaling Indicators Of Landscape Processes: State-Of-The-Art And Problem-Oriented Solutions, Martin Volk, K. Schulz, Ralf Seppelt, Sven Lautenbach
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
The ability to transfer processes, local conditions and assessment methods between different spatial scales plays an important role in various fields of environmental sciences and planning practice. Besides a fundamental lack of general scaling theories different approaches are currently used and investigated. First, local scale process understanding is simply used at larger scales and spatial explicit information are derived by suitable indicators or transfer functions. In order to represent small scale spatial variability at larger scales sophisticated aggregation methods have been developed, but due to very restrictive assumptions, have only successfully been applied in very few areas (e.g. groundwater hydrology). …
Model-Data Fusion In The Studies Of Terrestrial Carbon Sink, G. A. Alexandrov, D. Chan, M. Chen, K. Gurney, K. Higuchi, A. Ito, C. D. Jones, Alexander Komarov, K. Mabuchi, D. M. Matross, F. Veroustraete, W. W. Verstraeten
Model-Data Fusion In The Studies Of Terrestrial Carbon Sink, G. A. Alexandrov, D. Chan, M. Chen, K. Gurney, K. Higuchi, A. Ito, C. D. Jones, Alexander Komarov, K. Mabuchi, D. M. Matross, F. Veroustraete, W. W. Verstraeten
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Current uncertainty in quantifying the global carbon budget remains a major contributing source of uncertainty in reliably projecting future climate change. Furthermore, quantifying the global carbon budget and characterizing uncertainties have emerged as critical to a successful implementation of United National Framework Convention on Climate Change and its Kyoto Protocol. Beyond fundamental quantification, attribution of the processes responsible for the so-called ‘residual terrestrial uptake’ is important to the carbon cycle communities’ ability to simulated the future response of the terrestrial biosphere to climate change and intentional sequestration activities. This paper’s objective is to describe the efforts of the workshop participants …
Hydrological Characterisation Of Four Brazilian Catchments Using A Simple Rainfall-Streamflow Model, I. G. Littlewood, R. T. Clarke, W. Collischonnb, B. F. W. Croke
Hydrological Characterisation Of Four Brazilian Catchments Using A Simple Rainfall-Streamflow Model, I. G. Littlewood, R. T. Clarke, W. Collischonnb, B. F. W. Croke
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
A rainfall–streamflow model featuring a unit hydrograph component is applied to four Brazilian catchments to characterise and quantify their quite different dynamic rainfall–streamflow behaviours. Using only catchment size (km2) and time series of daily rainfall, streamflow and air temperature, six dynamic response characteristics (DRCs) are estimated for each catchment. The DRCs include decay time constants for dominant quick- and slow-response components of streamflow, a time-averaged relative volumetric contribution to streamflow from slow flow (i.e. a slow flow index, SFI) and the size of a conceptual catchment wetness store. The six DRCs are compared for the four catchments in the context …
Tools To Support A Model-Based Methodology For Benefit/Cost/Risk Analysis Of Wastewater Treatment Systems, Lorenzo Benedetti, Davide Bixio, Filip Claeys, Peter A. Vanrolleghem
Tools To Support A Model-Based Methodology For Benefit/Cost/Risk Analysis Of Wastewater Treatment Systems, Lorenzo Benedetti, Davide Bixio, Filip Claeys, Peter A. Vanrolleghem
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
This paper presents a set of tools developed to support an innovative four-step methodology to design and upgrade wastewater treatment systems. For the first step of data collection and data reconstruction, two different tools have been developed, one for situations where data are available (using data reconstruction methods) and another for situations where no data are (yet) available (based on a simple draining catchment model driven by actual local rain series). The second step, i.e. model building, implied the development of a new simulation platform and of grid software to deal with the considerable simulation load generated by the third …
Tornado: A Versatile And Efficient Modelling And Virtual Experimentation Kernel For Water Quality Systems, Filip Claeys, Dirk J. W. De Pauw, Lorenzo Benedetti, Ingmar Nopens, Peter A. Vanrolleghem
Tornado: A Versatile And Efficient Modelling And Virtual Experimentation Kernel For Water Quality Systems, Filip Claeys, Dirk J. W. De Pauw, Lorenzo Benedetti, Ingmar Nopens, Peter A. Vanrolleghem
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Recently, a new kernel for modelling and virtual experimentation (i.e. any evaluation of a model) in the domain of water quality management was developed. This kernel was named “Tornado” and will be included in the new generation of the WEST product family, as well as in several other products (e.g. DHI’s MOUSE-TRAP) and projects. Most important issues during development were versatility and efficiency. This paper focuses mainly on the rationale for the new development, and the major features of the resulting kernel. It is argued that classical approaches (such as the adoption of MATLAB/SIMULINK, custom FORTRAN codes and/or domain-specific simulators) …
Bottom-Up, Decision Support System Development : A Wetland Salinity Management Application In California's San Joaquin Valley, N. W. T. Quinn
Bottom-Up, Decision Support System Development : A Wetland Salinity Management Application In California's San Joaquin Valley, N. W. T. Quinn
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Seasonally managed wetlands in the Grasslands Basin of California’s San Joaquin Valley provide food and shelter for migratory wildfowl during winter months and sport for waterfowl hunters during the annual duck season. Surface water supply to these wetland contain salt which, when drained to the San Joaquin River during the annual drawdown period, negatively impacts downstream agricultural riparian water diverters. Recent environmental regulation, limiting discharges salinity to the San Joaquin River and primarily targeting agricultural non-point sources, now addresses return flows from seasonally managed wetlands. Real-time water quality management has been advocated as a means of matching wetland return flows …
Upscaling Terrestrial Carbon Dynamics From Sites To Regions With Uncertainty Measures: The Gems Experience, Shuguang Liu, Z. Li, Jinxun Liu, Thomas R. Loveland, M. Chen, Larry L. Tieszen
Upscaling Terrestrial Carbon Dynamics From Sites To Regions With Uncertainty Measures: The Gems Experience, Shuguang Liu, Z. Li, Jinxun Liu, Thomas R. Loveland, M. Chen, Larry L. Tieszen
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Upscaling the spatial and temporal changes of carbon stocks and fluxes from sites to regions is challenging owing to the spatial and temporal variances and covariance of driving variables and the uncertainties in both the model and the input data. Although various modeling approaches have been developed to facilitate the upscaling process, few deal with error transfer from model input to output, and error propagation in time and space. We develop the General Ensemble Biogeochemical Modeling System (GEMS) for upscaling carbon stocks and fluxes from sites to regions with measures of uncertainty. GEMS relies on site-scale biogeochemical models (e.g., the …
Decision Support For Nitrogen Management In Tile-Drained Agriculture, P. Heilman, R. W. Malone, L. Mac, Jerry L. Hatfield, L.R. Ahuja, J. Ayen, K. Boyle, R. Kanwar
Decision Support For Nitrogen Management In Tile-Drained Agriculture, P. Heilman, R. W. Malone, L. Mac, Jerry L. Hatfield, L.R. Ahuja, J. Ayen, K. Boyle, R. Kanwar
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Farmers will adopt alternative management systems to improve water quality more readily if they understand how those management alternatives affect the release of contaminants, crop yields, and ultimately, their net income. We propose a method to address these issues by integrating observed data from field experiments, a comprehensive simulation model, review by local experts, and application through a decision support system by technically trained conservationists. An example for reducing nitrogen loading from tile-drained corn and soybean production in Iowa demonstrates the approach. Fourteen years of observed data from 30 research plots on the Northeast Research and Demonstration Farm near Nashua, …
Risk Assessment Module Of The Iwa/Cost Simulation Benchmark: Validation And Extension Proposal., Jordi Dalmau, Ignasi Rodríguez-Roda, Jean-Philippe Steyer, Joaquim Comas
Risk Assessment Module Of The Iwa/Cost Simulation Benchmark: Validation And Extension Proposal., Jordi Dalmau, Ignasi Rodríguez-Roda, Jean-Philippe Steyer, Joaquim Comas
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
The IWA/COST simulation benchmark platform has been widely used to evaluate and compare different activated sludge control strategies. The IWA/COST simulation benchmark provides performance indices like the effluent water quality, operating costs and controller performance (Copp, 2002), all of them quantitative. However, these indices do not take into account the biomass separation related problems which at present cannot be quantitatively modelled. A qualitative Risk Assessment Module adaptable to any simulation benchmark platform has been developed for the activated sludge systems. As a consequence, and in order to improve the quantitative performance indices, lately the anaerobic digestion model number 1 (ADM1) …
Without A Common Mental Model A Dss Makes No Sense (A New Approach To Frame Analysis Using Mental Models), M. J. Kolkman, A. Van Der Veen
Without A Common Mental Model A Dss Makes No Sense (A New Approach To Frame Analysis Using Mental Models), M. J. Kolkman, A. Van Der Veen
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
In order to understand why the use of model software and its results in decision making is surrounded with a diversity of problems, this paper presents a new theoretical framework. The framework is based on the notions of frame and mental model that are commonly used in social sciences and psychology. Mental models are found to guide the activities of knowledge producing scientists, DSS builders, decision makers and stakeholders. These activities are described in a modelling cycle and a decision making cycle. The model – both software and mental – functions as an intermediate for knowledge transfer. The theoretical framework, …
Development Of A National, Landuse-Based Water Balance Model For Australia, Wendy D. Welsh, D. G. Barratt, K. Ranatunga, L. A. Randall
Development Of A National, Landuse-Based Water Balance Model For Australia, Wendy D. Welsh, D. G. Barratt, K. Ranatunga, L. A. Randall
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Australia currently has no nation-wide comprehensive and consistent information on the spatial and temporal relationships between rainfall, evapotranspiration, drainage to groundwater and runoff to rivers. To estimate this information a simple modelling approach utilising existing data was sought. A review of existing models and their data requirements led to the development of a steady state Geographic Information System (GIS) based method driven by long-term average climate data and high resolution land cover and land use data. Mean annual and mean monthly runoff, evapotranspiration and drainage were modelled. Runoff results were evaluated against other published values where available and found to …
Application Of The Elbe-Dss To Water Quality Issues, Michael Matthies, Jürgen Berlekamp, N. Grafa, Sven Lautenbach
Application Of The Elbe-Dss To Water Quality Issues, Michael Matthies, Jürgen Berlekamp, N. Grafa, Sven Lautenbach
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
The Decision Support System for the Elbe river basin (Elbe-DSS) was developed as a tool to assist water managers. A user can select various measures and compare them to evaluate their relative effectiveness in achieving a good ecological and chemical status of the Elbe and its tributaries. Two subsystems, the catchment and the river network, represent the whole German Elbe river basin (96.900 km2). This approach allows for better representation of management objectives, scenario development and decision-making. The implemented measures can be classified into the groups: ‘reduction of pollution from urban areas’, ‘modification of agricultural land allocation’, ‘changes in agricultural …
Modeling Soil-Water Dynamics For Diverse Environmental Needs, Pierre Martin, Rabi H. Mohtar, Pascal Clouvel, Erik Braudeau
Modeling Soil-Water Dynamics For Diverse Environmental Needs, Pierre Martin, Rabi H. Mohtar, Pascal Clouvel, Erik Braudeau
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Accurate representation of the top soil matrix with special attention to the scales present is important to the dynamics of water flow and fate of pollution at field, farm and watershed scales. It is also important from an agronomic stand point since agriculture still constitutes the main source of pollution at a time when many agronomic models still use empirical notions of soil hydraulic properties. The soil dynamics literature describes soil hydraulic properties independently from the soil-water medium hydro-structural dynamics. This leads to an empirical approach to represent and estimate soil hydro-structural properties such as shrinkage, water potential, field capacity, …
Surface Flows Modelling: Cellular Automata Simulations Of Lava, Debris And Pyroclastic Flows, M. V. Avolio, G. M. Crisci, D. D’Ambrosio, S. Di Gregorio, Giulio Iovine, V. Lupiano, R. Rongo, W. Spataro
Surface Flows Modelling: Cellular Automata Simulations Of Lava, Debris And Pyroclastic Flows, M. V. Avolio, G. M. Crisci, D. D’Ambrosio, S. Di Gregorio, Giulio Iovine, V. Lupiano, R. Rongo, W. Spataro
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Cellular Automata (CA) are a computational paradigm, a valid alternative to standard methods with differential equations for modelling and simulating complex systems, whose behaviour may be specified in terms of local interactions in a context of discrete time and space. Some surface flows may be approximated to such a type of complex systems. The Empedocles Research Group developed an empirical methodology for modelling this kind of macroscopic phenomena. The CA space for surface flows is divided in hexagonal cells, whose specification (state) describes the physical characteristics (substates) relevant to the evolution of the system and relative to the space portion …
Identification Of Alternatives Strengths And Weaknesses During The Conceptual Design Of Environmental Systems, Xavier Flores Alsina, Manel Poch, Laureano Jiménez, Rene Bañares-Alcántara, Ignasi Rodríguez Roda
Identification Of Alternatives Strengths And Weaknesses During The Conceptual Design Of Environmental Systems, Xavier Flores Alsina, Manel Poch, Laureano Jiménez, Rene Bañares-Alcántara, Ignasi Rodríguez Roda
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
The objective of this paper is to present a systematic procedure to support environmental engineers during the evaluation of alternative options, identifying both, the strong and weak points of their decisions. The evaluation of alternative options in the design of environmental systems is complex because several objectives must be considered simultaneously (e.g. environmental, technical, economical, legal), i.e. the problem is multicriteria. The systematic procedure presented consists of three steps: 1) multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA), where the best alternative is selected among the most promising options by evaluating the degree of accomplishment of several design objectives; 2) sensitivity analysis, where multidimensional …
Web-Based Open Source Gis Decision Support Tools: Explaining The Software Stack, Aaron Racicot
Web-Based Open Source Gis Decision Support Tools: Explaining The Software Stack, Aaron Racicot
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
As the analytical processing capabilities of software systems grow, so do the expectations of end users of those software systems. An ever increasing trend has emerged in the software domain to provide more functionality over the World Wide Web through web services. Web-based decision support tools are emerging as a viable solution to fulfill environmental management decision support needs, while addressing the desire for platform independent web-based interfaces. Managers of environmental systems are often held hostage to the lack of information about the very system they manage. While modeling techniques and capabilities continue to grow, the need for real-time decision …
Current Trends In Environmental Modelling With Uncertainty., Jiří Hřebíček, Jan Pesl
Current Trends In Environmental Modelling With Uncertainty., Jiří Hřebíček, Jan Pesl
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
The important characteristic feature of environmental modelling is the complexity and uncertainty of its mathematical representation (uncertainty of formula). Imprecision of its input data is another characteristic feature, where it is not possible to omit influences of primary monitoring (e.g. gaps of data, errors of measuring facilities, human factor, etc). Many parameters in algorithms and their mathematical formulations are substituted by empirical constants in praxis, although it is well known that their values are very volatile and input data are not validated. Nowadays, information and communication technology (ICT) capabilities are growing rapidly and applied mathematical software (e.g. computer algebra systems, …
Vadose-Zone Leaching And Saturated-Zone Mixing Model In Heterogeneous Layers, Samuel S. Lee
Vadose-Zone Leaching And Saturated-Zone Mixing Model In Heterogeneous Layers, Samuel S. Lee
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
A screening level model was developed for simulation of pollutant migration through the vadose-zone and subsequent mixing within the saturated-zone. This one-dimensional finite difference model simulates the transport processes of liquid-phase advection, liquid- and vapor-phase dispersion, sorption, and decay of the contaminant. Using a simple mass-balance technique, the saturated-zone module estimates mixing of the vadose-zone leachate with groundwater. The model can be a useful tool in making preliminary assessments of the potential impacts of contaminants in the subsurface. The model can handle vertical heterogeneity of the soil columns and non-uniform initial contaminant concentration. The model was verified by comparing to …
Neural Identification Of Fuzzy Anomalies In Pressurized Water Systems, Joaquín Izquierdo, R. Pérez, P. A. López, P. L. Iglesias
Neural Identification Of Fuzzy Anomalies In Pressurized Water Systems, Joaquín Izquierdo, R. Pérez, P. A. López, P. L. Iglesias
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
The objective of a Water Supply System (WSS) is to convey treated water to consumers through a pressurized network of pipes. A number of meters and gauges are used to take continuous or periodic measurements that are sent via a telemetry system to the control and operation centre and used to monitor the network. Using this typically limited number of measures together with demand predictions the state of the system must be assessed. Suitable state estimation is of paramount importance in diagnosing leaks and other anomalies in WSS. But this task can be really cumbersome, if not unattainable, for human …
A Component To Simulate Agricultural Management, Marcello Donatelli, Frits Van Evert, A. Di Guardo, Myriam Adam, Kamal Kansou
A Component To Simulate Agricultural Management, Marcello Donatelli, Frits Van Evert, A. Di Guardo, Myriam Adam, Kamal Kansou
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Quantifying the impact of agricultural management on production and system externalities is the goal of many agricultural modeling studies. Here we consider only those drivers of farmers’ decision making that are based on the state of the agricultural system. Agricultural management must be simulated in such a way to mimic as closely as possible farmers’ behaviour. Limiting the drivers of the decision making process to the biophysical system implies that each action must be triggered at run time via a set of rules which can be based on the state of the system, on constraints of resources availability, and on …
Multiobjective Optimization Procedure For Control Strategies In Environmental Systems, Xavier Flores, Joaquim Comas, Ignasi Rodríguez-Roda, Laureano Jiménez, Rene Bañares-Alcántara
Multiobjective Optimization Procedure For Control Strategies In Environmental Systems, Xavier Flores, Joaquim Comas, Ignasi Rodríguez-Roda, Laureano Jiménez, Rene Bañares-Alcántara
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
This paper presents a systematic procedure for multiobjective optimization of control strategies in environmental systems. The optimization of control strategies in environmental systems is a complex activity due to the large number of objectives that must be considered simultaneously e.g. economic, environmental, technical, legal. The accomplishment of those objectives generates significant synergies, but in many cases they are subject of clear trade-offs. This procedure is approached as a multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) and involves the quantification and normalization of a set of evaluation criteria and a weighted sum. A sensitivity analysis is also included in order to show the variation …
Model-Based Identification And Scaling Indicators Of Landscape Processes: State-Of-The-Art And Problem-Oriented Solutions, Martin Volk, K. Schulz, Ralf Seppelt, Sven Lautenbach
Model-Based Identification And Scaling Indicators Of Landscape Processes: State-Of-The-Art And Problem-Oriented Solutions, Martin Volk, K. Schulz, Ralf Seppelt, Sven Lautenbach
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
The ability to transfer processes, local conditions and assessment methods between different spatial scales plays an important role in various fields of environmental sciences and planning practice. Besides a fundamental lack of general scaling theories different approaches are currently used and investigated. First, local scale process understanding is simply used at larger scales and spatial explicit information are derived by suitable indicators or transfer functions. In order to represent small scale spatial variability at larger scales sophisticated aggregation methods have been developed, but due to very restrictive assumptions, have only successfully been applied in very few areas (e.g. groundwater hydrology). …
Model-Data Fusion In The Studies Of Terrestrial Carbon Sink, G. A. Alexandrov, D. Chan, M. Chen, K. Gurney, K. Higuchi, A. Ito, C. D. Jones, Alexander Komarov, K. Mabuchi, D. M. Matross, F. Veroustraete, W. W. Verstraeten
Model-Data Fusion In The Studies Of Terrestrial Carbon Sink, G. A. Alexandrov, D. Chan, M. Chen, K. Gurney, K. Higuchi, A. Ito, C. D. Jones, Alexander Komarov, K. Mabuchi, D. M. Matross, F. Veroustraete, W. W. Verstraeten
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Current uncertainty in quantifying the global carbon budget remains a major contributing source of uncertainty in reliably projecting future climate change. Furthermore, quantifying the global carbon budget and characterizing uncertainties have emerged as critical to a successful implementation of United National Framework Convention on Climate Change and its Kyoto Protocol. Beyond fundamental quantification, attribution of the processes responsible for the so-called ‘residual terrestrial uptake’ is important to the carbon cycle communities’ ability to simulated the future response of the terrestrial biosphere to climate change and intentional sequestration activities. This paper’s objective is to describe the efforts of the workshop participants …
Hydrological Characterisation Of Four Brazilian Catchments Using A Simple Rainfall-Streamflow Model, I. G. Littlewood, R. T. Clarke, W. Collischonnb, B. F. W. Croke
Hydrological Characterisation Of Four Brazilian Catchments Using A Simple Rainfall-Streamflow Model, I. G. Littlewood, R. T. Clarke, W. Collischonnb, B. F. W. Croke
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
A rainfall–streamflow model featuring a unit hydrograph component is applied to four Brazilian catchments to characterise and quantify their quite different dynamic rainfall–streamflow behaviours. Using only catchment size (km2) and time series of daily rainfall, streamflow and air temperature, six dynamic response characteristics (DRCs) are estimated for each catchment. The DRCs include decay time constants for dominant quick- and slow-response components of streamflow, a time-averaged relative volumetric contribution to streamflow from slow flow (i.e. a slow flow index, SFI) and the size of a conceptual catchment wetness store. The six DRCs are compared for the four catchments in the context …
Tools To Support A Model-Based Methodology For Benefit/Cost/Risk Analysis Of Wastewater Treatment Systems, Lorenzo Benedetti, Davide Bixio, Filip Claeys, Peter A. Vanrolleghem
Tools To Support A Model-Based Methodology For Benefit/Cost/Risk Analysis Of Wastewater Treatment Systems, Lorenzo Benedetti, Davide Bixio, Filip Claeys, Peter A. Vanrolleghem
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
This paper presents a set of tools developed to support an innovative four-step methodology to design and upgrade wastewater treatment systems. For the first step of data collection and data reconstruction, two different tools have been developed, one for situations where data are available (using data reconstruction methods) and another for situations where no data are (yet) available (based on a simple draining catchment model driven by actual local rain series). The second step, i.e. model building, implied the development of a new simulation platform and of grid software to deal with the considerable simulation load generated by the third …
Upscaling Terrestrial Carbon Dynamics From Sites To Regions With Uncertainty Measures: The Gems Experience, Shuguang Liu, Z. Li, Jinxun Liu, Thomas R. Loveland, M. Chen, Larry L. Tieszen
Upscaling Terrestrial Carbon Dynamics From Sites To Regions With Uncertainty Measures: The Gems Experience, Shuguang Liu, Z. Li, Jinxun Liu, Thomas R. Loveland, M. Chen, Larry L. Tieszen
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
Upscaling the spatial and temporal changes of carbon stocks and fluxes from sites to regions is challenging owing to the spatial and temporal variances and covariance of driving variables and the uncertainties in both the model and the input data. Although various modeling approaches have been developed to facilitate the upscaling process, few deal with error transfer from model input to output, and error propagation in time and space. We develop the General Ensemble Biogeochemical Modeling System (GEMS) for upscaling carbon stocks and fluxes from sites to regions with measures of uncertainty. GEMS relies on site-scale biogeochemical models (e.g., the …