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Cancer Stem Cells In Recurrent And Drug-Resistant Lung Cancers, Raagini Suresh, Shadan Ali, Aamir Ahmad, Philip Philip, Fazlul Sarkar
Cancer Stem Cells In Recurrent And Drug-Resistant Lung Cancers, Raagini Suresh, Shadan Ali, Aamir Ahmad, Philip Philip, Fazlul Sarkar
Honors College Theses
With a 5-year survival rate of less than 20%, lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Considering the treatments currently in place, this statistic is frankly shocking. A possible explanation for the disconnect between sophisticated treatments and the survival rate can be found in the Cancer Stem Cell (CSC) hypothesis. The CSC hypothesis suggests the idea of a subpopulation of tumor cells with the abilities of self-renewal, cancer initiation, and further maintenance of tumors. Lung CSCs have been associated with resistance to radiation and chemotherapeutic treatments. CSCs have also been implicated in recurrent cancers; …
Unstable Ventilatory Control During Sleep After High Spinal Cord Injury: The Contribution Of Chemosensitivity And Hypoventilation, Amy Therese Bascom
Unstable Ventilatory Control During Sleep After High Spinal Cord Injury: The Contribution Of Chemosensitivity And Hypoventilation, Amy Therese Bascom
Wayne State University Dissertations
ABSTRACT
UNSTABLE VENTILATORY CONTROL DURING SLEEP AFTER HIGH SPINAL CORD INJURY: THE CONTRIBUTION OF CHEMOSENSITIVITY AND HYPOVENTILATION
by
Amy T. Bascom
May 2015
Advisor: Dr. Harry G. Goshgarian
Major: Anatomy and Cell Biology
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy
A high prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) after spinal cord injury (SCI) has been reported in the literature; however, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. My studies had 2 aims: 1) to determine the effect of the withdrawal of the wakefulness drive to breathe on the degree of hypoventilation in SCI patients and able-bodied controls and 2) to determine the response of …
Analyzing The Interactions Of Kdm5/Lid And Sin3 In Drosophila Melanogaster, Ambikai Gajan
Analyzing The Interactions Of Kdm5/Lid And Sin3 In Drosophila Melanogaster, Ambikai Gajan
Wayne State University Dissertations
SIN3, the scaffold protein of a histone modifying complex is conserved from yeast to mammals. Drosophila SIN3 associates with both a histone deactylase RPD3 and a histone demethylase dKDM5/LID. Immunopurification of dKDM5/LID verifies a previously observed interaction with SIN3 and RPD3. Furthermore, deficiency of dKDM5/LID phenocopies deficiency of SIN3 in many cellular and developmental processes. Knockdown of both Sin3A and lid hinder cell proliferation in Drosophila cultured cells and developing flies. Knockdown of these genes also results in a curved wing phenotype implicating a role in wing development. Analysis of underlying gene expression changes upon decreased expression of SIN3, dKDM5/LID …
Preclinical Evaluation Of Infrared Light Therapy In A Rat Model Of Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy, Christian Andrew Reynolds
Preclinical Evaluation Of Infrared Light Therapy In A Rat Model Of Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy, Christian Andrew Reynolds
Wayne State University Dissertations
Hypoxic events encountered during the perinatal period leading to pathologic decreases in fetal cerebral oxygen availability are detrimental resulting in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). This work focused on the characterization of a rat model of neonatal HIE for use in the preclinical evaluation of infrared light therapy (IRL). Consistent with results from previous IRL efficacy studies using a rat model of adult global brain ischemia, IRL treatment attenuated cerebral injury resulting from hypoxia-ischemia in the neonatal rat. Thus, and perhaps most importantly, this work contributes to the development of a potential novel therapeutic approach in the management of brain injuries …
Role Of Crebh In Endotoxin Mediated Modulation Of Hepatic Metabolism, Aditya Prakash Dandekar
Role Of Crebh In Endotoxin Mediated Modulation Of Hepatic Metabolism, Aditya Prakash Dandekar
Wayne State University Dissertations
Bacterial endotoxins can induce a variety of physiological changes in the host. This effect is not only restricted to inflammatory changes but also comprises metabolic changes in the host body. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), one of the key components of the bacterial cell walls, is capable of triggering host metabolic changes. Hyperlipidemia usually accompanies with high endotoxin levels as well as inflammation. Lipid metabolism disorders are one of the common hallmarks of a patient with sepsis or high levels of endotoxin through diet. Previously, we have identified an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) anchored liver-specific transcription factor CREBH (cAMP-responsive element-binding protein, hepatocyte-specific), which is …
Functional Analysis Of A Highly Conserved Cyclin, Cyclin Y, In Drosophila Melanogaster, Nermin Gerges
Functional Analysis Of A Highly Conserved Cyclin, Cyclin Y, In Drosophila Melanogaster, Nermin Gerges
Wayne State University Dissertations
Cyclin Y is a highly conserved member of the Cyclin superfamily of proteins. In Drosophila the Cyclin Y gene (CycY) is required for progression through several stages of development but the specific pathways that Cyclin Y belongs to and that account for its requirement are not known. Studies in human and Drosophila cell lines have shown that membrane-localized Cyclin Y is required for phosphorylation of the wingless/Wnt co-receptor, arrow/LRP6, and for full activation of the canonical wingless/Wnt pathway. CycY null Drosophila, however, do not phenocopy loss-of-function mutations in canonical wingless pathway genes, suggesting that Cyclin Y may have additional roles …
Adipocyte-Induced Inflammation In Prostate Tumor Progression In Bone: Role Of Cxcr2 And Osteopontin, Aimalie Lynnette Hardaway
Adipocyte-Induced Inflammation In Prostate Tumor Progression In Bone: Role Of Cxcr2 And Osteopontin, Aimalie Lynnette Hardaway
Wayne State University Dissertations
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among men. Evidence suggests that age and obesity, conditions associated with adipocyte accumulation in the bone marrow, are linked to increased risk of developing PCa and progressing to metastatic disease. Studies presented in this dissertation were based on the hypothesis that metastatic progression in bone is a result of a cooperative effort between bone marrow adipocytes, macrophages, osteoclasts, and PCa cells. We specifically focused on two adipocyte-supplied chemokines, CXCL1 and CXCL2, and bone marrow macrophage-secreted osteopontin as key drivers of pro-inflammatory environment in the bone marrow and important …
Towards A Unified Model Of Sperm Chromatin Structure, Graham Johnson
Towards A Unified Model Of Sperm Chromatin Structure, Graham Johnson
Wayne State University Dissertations
Sperm possess several layers of information that are delivered to the oocyte alongside the paternal DNA. Examples of potential sperm borne molecular cues of probable use to the embryo include RNAs and local and global chromatin structure. To identify candidate sperm RNAs that likely reach the oocyte cytoplasm following fertilization patterns of transcript compartmentalization in the mature gamete were identified. Though all sperm RNAs exhibited a preferential peripheral enrichment, a subset of RNAs were identified in which this trend was reduced. These RNAs are thought to be embedded with perinuclear theca and are correlated with late spermatogenic transcription. Malat1, a …
Interaction Forces And Reaction Kinetics Of Ligand-Cell Receptor Systems Using Atomic Force Microscopy, Anwesha Sarkar
Interaction Forces And Reaction Kinetics Of Ligand-Cell Receptor Systems Using Atomic Force Microscopy, Anwesha Sarkar
Wayne State University Dissertations
Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) provides superior imaging resolution and the ability to measure forces at the nanoscale. It is an important tool for studying a wide range of bio-molecular samples from proteins, DNA to living cells. We developed AFM measurement procedures to measure protein interactions on live cells at the single molecular level. These measurements can be interpreted by using proper statistical approaches and can yield important parameters about ligand-receptor interactions on live cells. However, the standard theory for analyzing rupture force data does not fit the experimental rupture force histograms. Most of the experimental measurements of rupture force data …
The Role Of E3 Ligase Parkin In Trafficking Of Monoamine Storage Vesicles In Rat Model Of Methamphetamine Neurotoxicity, Heli Dineshchandra Chauhan
The Role Of E3 Ligase Parkin In Trafficking Of Monoamine Storage Vesicles In Rat Model Of Methamphetamine Neurotoxicity, Heli Dineshchandra Chauhan
Wayne State University Theses
Methamphetamine (METH), a psychostimulant, is a widely used drug of abuse. METH is toxic to dopaminergic (DAergic) and serotonergic (5-HT) nerve terminals in the striatum when administered at high doses. METH releases Dopamine (DA) from vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) containing synaptic vesicles and induces oxidative stress by auto-oxidation of DA. The VMAT2 plays a neurprotective role by sequestering cytoplasmic DA into vesicles for storage and protection from auto-oxidation. It has previously been shown that METH toxicity is associated with impaired VMAT2 trafficking and oxidative damage to the E3 ligase parkin. CDCrel1, a protein found to inhibit exocytosis, is regulated …
Novel Protein Phosphatase 2a Complexes In Skeletal Muscle From Obese Insulin Resistant Human Participants, Divyasri Damacharla
Novel Protein Phosphatase 2a Complexes In Skeletal Muscle From Obese Insulin Resistant Human Participants, Divyasri Damacharla
Wayne State University Theses
Type 2 Diabetes is a metabolic disorder associated with insulin resistance and consequent high blood glucose levels. Maximum glucose disposal takes place in skeletal muscle and studying skeletal muscle insulin resistance is crucial. Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is one of the major serine/threonine phosphatases belonging to PhosphoProteinPhosphatase (PPP) family. It constitutes about 80% of all serine/threonine phosphatases. It is regulated by numerous regulatory subunits as well as other substrate molecules and post translational modifications. This alters their localization, activity and also its target molecules. Many evidences show the effect of insulin on PP2Ac and its abnormal regulation in conditions of …
Desensitization Of Hacat Keratinocytes To Vitamin D3 Occurs Via Loss Of Redd1 Regulation Of The Mtor Pathway, Michelle Leigh Jones
Desensitization Of Hacat Keratinocytes To Vitamin D3 Occurs Via Loss Of Redd1 Regulation Of The Mtor Pathway, Michelle Leigh Jones
Wayne State University Theses
Vitamin D3 treatment has long been considered in the treatment of cancer due to its well-documented anti-proliferative effects in vitro. While clinical studies have been positive in other cancers, results are inconclusive in cases of basal cell carcinoma. To better understand the reasons underlying this disconnect, this study employs an immortalized human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) to observe the effects of vitamin D3 treatment on cellular proliferation. The results show that both activate vitamin D3 (calcitriol) and its precursor (cholecalciferol) increase proliferation of these cells. Real-time PCR and western blot data indicate that the mTOR pathway becomes activated despite increased …
Similarities And Differences Between Heterosexual And Homosexual Couples Based On Marq Data, Kraig S. Shattuck
Similarities And Differences Between Heterosexual And Homosexual Couples Based On Marq Data, Kraig S. Shattuck
Wayne State University Theses
There has been a lack of comparative research on homosexual couples, comparing them to heterosexual couples, which is also grounded in solid theory. In order to remedy this, evolutionary theory is used to make predictions on similarities and differences between heterosexual and homosexual couples within three domains, relationship satisfaction, jealousy, and mate guarding. It was predicted that 1) homosexual couples would not differ from heterosexual couples in relationship satisfaction; 2) some gender differences relating to jealousy would be the same and some would be reversed in homosexual individuals; 3) mate guarding would be present, but lower, in homosexual individuals as …
Detection Of Beneficial Microbiota In Mouse Colon, Aranya Linpisanl
Detection Of Beneficial Microbiota In Mouse Colon, Aranya Linpisanl
Wayne State University Theses
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and Bifidobacterium are the most common types of microbes used as probiotics. They are present in the human gastrointestinal tract and have a significant influence on our health and well-being. Microbiota plays an important role in host metabolism and provides a natural defense mechanism against invading pathogens. This experiment was focusing on establish a method to detect the gastrointestinal tract microbiota, either by fecal or colonic tissue DNA extraction.
The experiment comparing 2 types of DNA extraction; ZR Fecal kit and DNAzol direct. DNAzol direct was easy to use but was not suitable for long term …
Delta-Tocotrienol Downregulates Mmp-9 Expression In Nsclc Cells, Rohini Sri Harshini Pindiprolu
Delta-Tocotrienol Downregulates Mmp-9 Expression In Nsclc Cells, Rohini Sri Harshini Pindiprolu
Wayne State University Theses
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in Unites States. The main types of lung cancer are small cell lung cancer and non small cell lung cancer. NSCLC accounts for about 80% of the cases with less than 15% of patients surviving beyond 5 years. Most common causes of lung cancer are smoking, inhaling asbestos fiber, radon gas, passive smoking, air pollution, familial predisposition, prior history of lung cancer etc. Surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, palliative care are commonly used treatment techniques for lung cancer. Radiation therapy is an important part of lung cancer management. The objective of this …
Contaminants Of Emerging Concern: Effects Of Known Neuroactive Agents, Antibiotics, And Chemically Uncharacterized Photodegredates On Behavior And Physiology Of Daphnia Pulex, Vibhuti Matta
Wayne State University Theses
Emerging contaminants such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), herbicides, pesticides, plasticizers, fire retardants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and other organic waste are increasingly being detected in surface water and ground water. These contaminants can enter into the environment through wastewater treatment plant effluent and agriculture runoff. Many of these emerging contaminants tend to be biologically active at very low concentrations, typically occur in water as part of complex mixtures, and may impact biota at concentrations not detected using traditional toxicity tests (e.g. LC 50 tests).
This study focuses on utilizing novel Daphnid optical bioassays to examine the toxicity …
Protein Ubiquitination In Primary Human Skeletal Muscle Cells Under Hyperinsulinemic Hyperglycemic Conditions, Majed Abdullah Alharbi
Protein Ubiquitination In Primary Human Skeletal Muscle Cells Under Hyperinsulinemic Hyperglycemic Conditions, Majed Abdullah Alharbi
Wayne State University Theses
Ubiquitin proteasome system is a relatively newly discovered pathway for protein degradation. Many studies have successfully pointed out the critical functions that UPS plays in regulating many physiological processes. On the other hand, recent studies suggested that abnormal UPS activities might be involved in the pathophysiology of several disorders including type 2 diabetes. However, the specific changes in UPS during the development of insulin resistance and consequently T2D are still unclear.
UPS is composed of two major steps, a reversible ubiquitin conjugation to the targeted substrate followed by proteasomal degradation of the ubiquitinated proteins. In this study, we examined the …
A Retrospective Cohort Study Of High Prevalence Of St131 Among Extended Spectrum Β-Lactamase Producing E. Coli Among Inpatients In The Metropolitan Detroit Area, Pansy Awasthy
Wayne State University Theses
ABSTRACT
HIGH PREVALENCE OF ST131 AMONG EXTENDED SPECTRUM Β-LACTAMASE PRODUCING E. COLI AMONG INPATIENTS IN THE METROPOLITAN DETROIT AREA
by
PANSY AWSTHY
2015
Advisor: Dr. Emily T. Martin
Major: Pharmaceutical Sciences
Degree: Master of Science
Objectives: E.coli ST131 multi-locus sequence type (MLST) has been associated with extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production, conferring antimicrobial resistance, with increased virulence and with healthcare-associated infection. The high prevalence of multidrug antimicrobial resistance in ESBL-producing ST131 E.coli infections creates unique challenges in the studying patient outcomes and analysis are required to study ST131 E.coli amongst a large population of ESBL-producers. Our objective was to determine …
The Effect Of Dietary Folate On Tissue Folate Status, Ghada Aoun
The Effect Of Dietary Folate On Tissue Folate Status, Ghada Aoun
Wayne State University Theses
ABSTRACT
THE EFFECT OF DIETARY FOLATE ON TISSUE FOLATE STATUS.
by
Ghada Aoun
December 2015
Advisor: Dr. Diane Cabelof
Major: Nutrition & Food Science
Degree: Masters of Science
The folates are a family of structurally similar, water soluble, B vitamins that play a crucial role in human health and disease. Folate has an important role in the synthesis of DNA, DNA methylation, and cellular growth. Folate coenzymes function in accepting and donating one-carbon units in the folate metabolic pathway. Folate deficiency impairs DNA synthesis, induces cancer, and causes abnormalities such as neural tube defects and megaloblastic anemia. While scientific research …
Acoustic Cues Of Physical Formidability In Cage Fighters, Stefan Mattias-Maria Goetz
Acoustic Cues Of Physical Formidability In Cage Fighters, Stefan Mattias-Maria Goetz
Wayne State University Theses
Across the animal kingdom, the sex that experiences the most reproductive variance tends to evolve sexually dimorphic traits—both behavioral and morphological—which aid in reproduction. Human evolution has been marked by greater male intrasexual selection and as a result, men display a variety of secondary sexual characteristics, putatively serving to enhance biological fitness. Among these, fundamental frequency, closely related to perception of pitch, among men is half that of women. Likewise, monotonicity, that is, variance in pitch across an utterance, is higher in men (i.e., women show greater variance in pitch) while formant dispersion, which gives the voice its timbre, is …
Curcumin Attenuates The Effects Of Atherogenic Diet In Aged Male Brown Norway Rats, Vindhyaja Srirajavatsavai
Curcumin Attenuates The Effects Of Atherogenic Diet In Aged Male Brown Norway Rats, Vindhyaja Srirajavatsavai
Wayne State University Theses
ABSTRACT
CURCUMIN ATTENUATES THE EFFECTS OF ATHEROGENIC DIET IN AGED MALE BROWN NORWAY RATS
by
VINDHYAJA SRIRAJAVATSAVAI
DECEMBER 2015
Advisor: Dr. Smiti Gupta
Major: Nutrition and Food Science
Degree: Master of Science
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a universal problem in modern society. Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. Hyperlipidemia further leads to increased oxidation and inflammation. Curcumin has long been used as a spice and food-coloring agent. In experimental animals, curcumin has shown anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic and anti-oxidant properties. In this study, Aged Brown Norway Rats were fed 1 of 3 experimental diets: a …
Drosophila Cyclin J And The Somatic Pirna Pathway Cooperate To Regulate Germline Stem Cells, Paul Michael Albosta
Drosophila Cyclin J And The Somatic Pirna Pathway Cooperate To Regulate Germline Stem Cells, Paul Michael Albosta
Wayne State University Dissertations
Cyclin J (CycJ) is a highly conserved cyclin that is uniquely expressed specifically in ovaries in Drosophila. Deletion of the genomic region containing CycJ and adjacent genes resulted in a genetic interaction with neighboring piRNA pathway gene, armitage (armi). Here I assessed oogenesis in CycJ null in the presence or absence of mutations in armi or other piRNA pathway genes. Although CycJ null flies had decreased egg laying and hatching rates, ovaries appeared normal indicating that CycJ is dispensable for oogenesis under normal conditions. Further double mutant analysis of CycJ and neighbor armi, as well as two other piRNA pathway …
Dna Aptamers Selected Against Wild-Type Helix 69 Ribosomal Rna And Their Implications In Combating Antibiotic Resistance, Sakina Miriam Hill
Dna Aptamers Selected Against Wild-Type Helix 69 Ribosomal Rna And Their Implications In Combating Antibiotic Resistance, Sakina Miriam Hill
Wayne State University Dissertations
Outbreaks of advanced antibiotic-resistant strains of microbes have hastened the need to identify new viable molecular targets for the development of novel anti-infectives. For this purpose, helix 69 (H69, or m3a 19-nucleotide (nt) hairpin motif that is highly conserved throughout phylogeny and rich in modified nucleotides, including pseudouridine () and 3-methylpseudouridine (m3) was chosen as a potential target. Helix 69, which is located in domain IV of Escherichia coli 23S ribosomal RNA (rRNA), undergoes conformational changes when in close proximity to the decoding region of 16S rRNA and transfer RNAs (tRNAs) in the peptidyl-transferase center (PTC). Functionally, the exact biological …
The Relationship Between Axonal Injury, Biomarker Expression And Mechanical Response In A Rodent Head Impact Acceleration Model, Yan Li
Wayne State University Dissertations
In the United States 1.4 million people sustain traumatic brain injury (TBI) each year, resulting in 235,000 hospitalizations and 50,000 fatalities annually. Traumatic axonal injury (TAI) is a serious outcome of TBI that accounts for 40-50% of hospitalizations due to head injury and one third of the mortality due to TBI, and it is difficult to diagnose and evaluate. The purpose of this dissertation is to determine mechanical injury predictors for TAI and identify potential biomarkers to evaluate TAI.
In this dissertation, a modified Marmarou impact acceleration injury model was developed to allow the monitoring of velocity of the impactor …
Unraveling The Genetic Mechanisms Involved In The Evolution And Development Of The Thoracic Appendages In Insects, Victor Medved
Unraveling The Genetic Mechanisms Involved In The Evolution And Development Of The Thoracic Appendages In Insects, Victor Medved
Wayne State University Dissertations
Insects display the greatest amount of structural and functional variation among animal groups, particularly in regard to their appendage morphology. These differences can range from the diverse pigmentation patterns between fore- and hindwings to changes in the size and shape of legs. The greatly enlarged jumping hind leg in crickets and grasshoppers is one of the best known illustrations of such diversity, representing a unique feature for the entire order of these insects (Orthoptera). Previous work from our lab has shown that the homeotic gene Ultrabithorax (Ubx) plays a key role in the enlargement of hind legs not only in …
The Role Of Crebh In Hepatic Energy Regulation Under Metabolic Stress, Roberto Mendez
The Role Of Crebh In Hepatic Energy Regulation Under Metabolic Stress, Roberto Mendez
Wayne State University Dissertations
Lipid metabolism is tightly regulated by nuclear receptors, transcription factors, and cellular enzymes in response to nutritional, hormonal, and stress signals. Hepatocyte specific, cyclic AMP responsive element-binding protein (CREBH) is a transcription factor that is preferentially expressed in the liver and localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. CREBH is known to be activated by ER stress, inflammatory stimuli, and metabolic signals to regulate hepatic acute-phase response, lipid metabolism, and glucose metabolism. In my thesis research, I have characterized the roles and mechanisms of CREBH in these functions, as well as the overall phenotype of CrebH-null mice. I demonstrated that …
The Therapeutic Targeting Of Folate Receptor Alpha Positive Tumors Via Folate Receptor Selective Novel 5- And 6- Substituted Pyrrolo [2,3-D]Pyrimidine Antifolates", Shermaine Kimberly Mitchell-Ryan
The Therapeutic Targeting Of Folate Receptor Alpha Positive Tumors Via Folate Receptor Selective Novel 5- And 6- Substituted Pyrrolo [2,3-D]Pyrimidine Antifolates", Shermaine Kimberly Mitchell-Ryan
Wayne State University Dissertations
Ovarian Cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related death of women in the United States. Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC) constitutes 85-90% of malignancies within the ovary, with an alarming majority of these cases diagnosed at advanced stage. While most patients are initially highly responsive to the current treatment standard, there is a very high probability that they will recur with a drug resistant fatal disease. Currently there is no validated comprehensive model of disease progression for ovarian cancer, although tremendous progress has been made in understanding the origin of this disease and a putative precursor lesion has been identified …
The Loss Of Genomic Uracil Homeostasis And Aid-Dependent Accumulation Of Dna Damage In B Cell Lymphomas, Sophia Shalhout
The Loss Of Genomic Uracil Homeostasis And Aid-Dependent Accumulation Of Dna Damage In B Cell Lymphomas, Sophia Shalhout
Wayne State University Dissertations
Activation-induced deaminase (AID) is a sequence-selective DNA cytosine deaminase that introduces uracils in immunoglobulin genes. This DNA mutator is required for somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination- processes involved in the affinity maturation and diversification of antibodies. AID, however, can also lead to deleterious mutations and translocations promoting lymphomagenesis. The introduction of uracils throughout the genome of activated B cells and the ability of UNG2 glycosylase to excise these uracils is examined here. This interplay was also studied in cancerous B cells, with different results emerging in transformed cells versus healthy cells. Genomic uracil levels are found to remain at …
Crebh, A Novel Liver Clock Keeper For Energy Metabolism, Ze Zheng
Crebh, A Novel Liver Clock Keeper For Energy Metabolism, Ze Zheng
Wayne State University Dissertations
Circadian rhythms play crucial roles in orchestrating diverse physiological processes that are critical for health and disease. Cyclic AMP responsive element binding protein 3-like 3 (CREB3L3, also known as CREBH) is a liver-enriched, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-tethered transcription factor known to regulate hepatic acute-phase response and energy homeostasis under stress conditions. Here, we demonstrate that CREBH is regulated by the circadian clock and functions as a diurnal regulator of hepatic lipid and glucose metabolism. CREBH is required to maintain circadian profiles of blood triglycerides, fatty acids, and glucose as well as hepatic glycogen storage. CREBH rhythmically regulates expression levels and amplitudes …
Trophoblast Retrieval And Isolation From The Cervix (Tric) For Non-Invasive Prenatal Genetic Diagnosis And Prediction Of Abnormal Pregnancy Outcome, Rani Fritz
Wayne State University Dissertations
The placenta is vital for the short- and long-term health of the fetus, and significantly impacts the health of the mother. During the first and second trimesters of pregnancy, extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cells invade the uterus and remodel the maternal spiral arteries, which, if inadequate, leads to pregnancy complications, including early pregnancy loss (EPL), preeclampsia (PE), and intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR). EVT migration into the uterine wall is dependent on growth factors and cytokines that signal between maternal and fetal tissues. The epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling system plays a significant role in trophoblast function. Using immunocytochemistry (ICC), we evaluated …