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Developmental Deregulation And Tumorigenesis Inhibition In 14-3-3zeta Knockout Mouse, Jun Yang
Developmental Deregulation And Tumorigenesis Inhibition In 14-3-3zeta Knockout Mouse, Jun Yang
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Cancer is second leading cause of death in the United States. Improving cancer care through patient care, research, education and prevention not only saves lives, but reduces health care cost as well. Breast cancer is the most leading cause of cancer incidence and cancer related death in women of the United States. 14-3-3s are a family of conserved proteins ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic organisms. They form complexes with hundreds of proteins by binding to specific phospho-serine/threonine containing motifs. In this way they regulate a variety of cellular processes and are involved in many human diseases especially cancer to our …
Opioid Addiction Treatments During Pregnancy And Their Effects On Axonal Growth And Myelination In The Developing Central Nervous System, Manisha Magar
Theses and Dissertations
Treatment with buprenorphine represents a promising alternative for pregnant opioid addicts but there is a need to understand potential effects on nervous system development. We previously showed effects of perinatal exposure to buprenorphine on axonal caliber and myelination in 26-day-old rat corpus callosum. These changes, detected at the end of rapid brain myelination and accompanied by earlier oligodendrocyte maturation, suggested interference with mechanisms coordinating axonal growth and myelination. To better understand buprenorphine actions and to establish whether these effects extend to the spinal cord, we analyzed the corpus callosum and corticospinal tract at 16 days of age, just before the …
Evidence Of A Rudimentary Colon In Leucoraja Erinacea, Alyssa M. Simeone
Evidence Of A Rudimentary Colon In Leucoraja Erinacea, Alyssa M. Simeone
Honors Theses
During the transition of animals from water onto land, the colon is believed to have evolved as an essential water-absorbing organ in terrestrial vertebrates to prevent desiccation. The class Chondrichthyes, comprised of sharks, rays, and skates, are isotonic to their marine environment, and thus do not require a functional colon. The Chondrichthyes are an excellent organism for developmental and physiological studies in evolutionary context because they have undergone little evolutionary change since their appearance 450 million years ago. Previous histochemical studies demonstrate potential water absorbing properties in the digestive tract of the little skate, Leucoraja erinacea (Theodosiou et al., 2007). …
Ontogeny Of Postcranial Morphology And Locomotor Behavior In Propithecus Verreauxi Coquereli And Lemur Catta, Stephanie Ann Wolf
Ontogeny Of Postcranial Morphology And Locomotor Behavior In Propithecus Verreauxi Coquereli And Lemur Catta, Stephanie Ann Wolf
Masters Theses, 2010-2019
Despite living under the same environmental pressures and sympatrically in many cases, Propithecus verreauxi and Lemur catta have evolved very different strategies for survival in stochastic environmental conditions. P. verreauxi show slow somatic growth, low maternal investment, and rapid dental growth while L. catta show faster somatic growth, high maternal investment, and slower dental growth. P. v. coquereli are highly specialized for vertical clinging and leaping (VCL) among lemurs, while L. catta, the most terrestrial of lemurs, use a wider variety of locomotor types including quadrupedalism, climbing, and leaping. P. v. coquereli have unusually long legs and muscular thighs while …
Analysis Of Band 4.1b In Integrin-Mediated Cell Adhesion And Signaling, Youngsin Jung
Analysis Of Band 4.1b In Integrin-Mediated Cell Adhesion And Signaling, Youngsin Jung
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Band 4.1B is a cytoskeletal adaptor protein that regulates various cellular behavior; however, the mechanisms by which Band 4.1B contributes to intracellular signaling are unclear. This project addresses in vivo and in vitro functions for Band 4.1B in integrin-mediated cell adhesion and signaling. Band 4.1B has been shown to bind to β8 integrin, although cooperative functions of these two proteins have not been determined. Here, functional links between β8 integrin and Band 4.1B were investigated using gene knockout strategies. Ablation of β8 integrin and Band 4.1B genes resulted in impaired cardiac morphogenesis, leading to embryonic lethality by E11.5. These embryos …
Effects Of Neuronal Nogo-A On Properties Of Excitatory Synapses Of The Sensorimotor Cortex, Alicia Marie Case
Effects Of Neuronal Nogo-A On Properties Of Excitatory Synapses Of The Sensorimotor Cortex, Alicia Marie Case
Dissertations
Recovery after central nervous system (CNS) injury has long been a challenge for clinical investigators. Blockade of the oligodendrocyte-associated inhibitor Nogo-A has shown great promise in promoting neuronal regeneration, sprouting, and plasticity, as well as functional recovery in rodent and primate models of CNS injury. The high expression of Nogo-A in neurons of the postnatal CNS led us to look for potential roles of this protein in this stage of development. We hypothesized that postnatal, neuronal NogoA influences the density and morphology of dendritic spines in the developing CNS, in part, by regulating the maturation and stability of glutamatergic synaptic …
Epigenetic Effects Of Benzo(A)Pyrene In Fundulus Heteroclitus And Danio Rerio, Xiefan Fang
Epigenetic Effects Of Benzo(A)Pyrene In Fundulus Heteroclitus And Danio Rerio, Xiefan Fang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
DNA methylation is one of the epigenetic mechanisms that controls gene expression and is vulnerable to early life environmental toxicant exposures. Our goal was to use two fish models, Fundulus heteroclitus and Danio rerio (zebrafish), to study the benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) effects on DNA methylation status and whether the alterations could contribute to BaP-mediated reproductive and developmental toxicities. Initially, we used Fundulus to study BaP effects on glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT) expression throughout development. Fundulus embryos were exposed to waterborne BaP at nominally 10 or 100 μg/L and both GNMT mRNA expression and enzyme activity were measured. Quantitative PCR and whole mount …
Anatomical Identification Of Primary Auditory Cortex In The Developing Gerbil, Luis Pendola
Anatomical Identification Of Primary Auditory Cortex In The Developing Gerbil, Luis Pendola
Dissertations and Theses
Cortical development is an active field of study. The gerbil provides an excellent model for research because at the moment of birth its brain is rather immature, anatomically and functionally. Furthermore, the gerbil auditory cortex is particularly amenable to investigation in that the gerbil's onset of hearing occurs approximately after 14 days of postnatal life. Despite these advantages of the gerbil for auditory cortex development not much is known about the anatomy of the postnatal gerbil auditory cortex. For example, where is the gerbil auditory cortex? Prior to the onset of hearing, sounds cannot be used to localize auditory cortex. …
The Development Of Hearing In Rats; Reliability Of Wave 1 As A Determinant Of Auditory Maturation And Contributions Of Peripheral Structure Progression, Aminat Saliu
Dissertations and Theses
No abstract provided.
A Study On The Biochemical And Cellular Effects Of Enviormental Tobacco Smoke On Adult And Developing Rat Brain Biochemistry, Brian Fuller
A Study On The Biochemical And Cellular Effects Of Enviormental Tobacco Smoke On Adult And Developing Rat Brain Biochemistry, Brian Fuller
Theses and Dissertations
Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has been recognized as a significant health risk for adults and children. In adults, ETS exposure has been linked to increased incidences of cardiovascular disease and dementia. In children, exposure has been linked to behavioral and cognitive deficits. Studies on the effects of ETS in the brain have been largely epidemiological, and have lacked a defined explanation of the molecular/biochemical effects of ETS. The present dissertation aims to test whether ETS exposure leads to altered biochemistry in the adult and developing mammalian brain. A rat ETS exposure model was employed to investigate changes at …
Novel Role Of Mecp2 In Developing Oligodendrocytes And Myelination, Daniel Moore
Novel Role Of Mecp2 In Developing Oligodendrocytes And Myelination, Daniel Moore
Theses and Dissertations
Methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2 is) is an epigenetic regulator that binds to methylated DNA. Initially identified as transcriptional repressor, MeCP2 also binds to different proteins functioning as gene activator. Importantly, MecCP2 gene mutations and changes in MeCP2 levels are associated to several forms of mental retardation and autism-related disorders; including Rett, a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting primarily girls. While brain MeCP2 was considered to be exclusively neuronal, this regulator is also present in glia. We found that oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the central nervous system (CNS), express particularly high MeCP2 levels at a developmental stage that precedes their final maturation. …