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Theses/Dissertations

Life Sciences

1997

Theses : Honours

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Homozygosity Levels In Consanguineous Populations: A Study Of The Sankethi Community, Karnataka, India, Janet Cahill Jan 1997

Homozygosity Levels In Consanguineous Populations: A Study Of The Sankethi Community, Karnataka, India, Janet Cahill

Theses : Honours

The project has studied the inheritance of microsatellite alleles across four chromosomes within two multi-generation families from a highly endogamous community, the Sankethi of Karnataka, India. The two families each have members from four generations participating in the study. Finger prick blood samples and detailed pedigree information were collected from subjects in India. DNA was extracted from the blood spot samples using a phenol-chloroform technique, and analysed by spectrophotometry to determine DNA concentrations. Fluorescent markers from chromosomes 15, 16, 17 & 18 were amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques on a Perkin Elmer 96 well thermocycler. The PCR products …


Genealogical Studies Of Selected Australian Barramundi (Lates Calcarifer) Using Mtdna : Implications For Stock Transfer To The Kimberley Region Of Western Australia, Robert G. Doupe Jan 1997

Genealogical Studies Of Selected Australian Barramundi (Lates Calcarifer) Using Mtdna : Implications For Stock Transfer To The Kimberley Region Of Western Australia, Robert G. Doupe

Theses : Honours

This study resulted from concerns for the present and proposed movement of barramundi (Lates catcarifer) across presumed population genetic boundaries into the Kimberley region of Western Australia for net-pen aquaculture and a recreational fishery development in dams no longer available to seasonal barramundi dispersal. Direct DNA sequencing of the non-recombining, maternally inherited mitochondrial genome of barramundi thought to represent wild populations from a broad section of a still wider Australian range were used for phylogenetic reconstructions that support hypotheses for historic gene flow between Kimberley and other populations during Recent sea level fluctuations. Nil or low levels of genetic diversity …


A Study Of The Effects Of Consanguinity At The Genomic Level In Two Pakistani Bradaris, Sheena Sullivan Jan 1997

A Study Of The Effects Of Consanguinity At The Genomic Level In Two Pakistani Bradaris, Sheena Sullivan

Theses : Honours

The purpose of the project was to assess the effects of inbreeding on the genetic constitution of two Pakistani bradaris (literally defined as brotherhoods). Both bradaris contain children born to consanguineous (first cousin) and nonconsanguineous marriages. DNA samples have been supplied by Dr Subaib Ahmed of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology in Rawalpindi, for a total of 91 individuals. The specific allele frequencies, and levels of homozygosity of each bradari, were determined using twenty fluorescence-labelled microsatellite markers for chromosomes 13 and 15. Amplification of the DNA was performed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR products were separated …


The Birds Of Perth's Urban Parks : Factors Influencing Their Distribution And Community Attitudes Towards Them, Jodi S. Mansell Jan 1997

The Birds Of Perth's Urban Parks : Factors Influencing Their Distribution And Community Attitudes Towards Them, Jodi S. Mansell

Theses : Honours

Knowledge of the general responses of bird populations to urbanisation and an understanding of their habitat requirements is necessary to ensure the continuation of bird life in urban areas. Most of the literature on urban birds around the world has concentrated on birds in streets and remnant patches. Urban parks provide much potential habitat for birds, although there are few publications addressing this issue. The aims of this project were to determine the terrestrial avifauna of Perth's northern suburban parks, investigate physical factors that might influence the distribution of birds, and determine the attitudes of park users towards birds in …


The Impact Of Permaculture On The Above-Ground Mesofaunal Communities In The Perth Metropolitan Area, Ruth C. D'Sanges Jan 1997

The Impact Of Permaculture On The Above-Ground Mesofaunal Communities In The Perth Metropolitan Area, Ruth C. D'Sanges

Theses : Honours

Conventional agricultural practices (tillage, extensive application of synthetic fertilisers and biocides) exert substantial disturbance on soil ecosystems, consequently causing severe land degradation through loss of soil organic matter. These practices also place significant pressure on the soil inhabitants. However, permaculture systems practice non-tillage and extensive mulching. These non-tillage practices reduce the amount of perturbation on the litter invertebrates and encourage their abundances. The aims of this study were to describe the above-ground mesofaunal communities in the mulch layer of selected urban permaculture systems in the Perth Metropolitan area. This included determining the faunal abundance and diversity. Four permaculture sites were …


Comparative Salt And Waterlogging Tolerance Of An Introduced Grass (Agropyron Elongatum [Host] P. Beauv.) And Two Herbaceous Australian Species (Podolepis Gracilis [Lehm.] And Danthonia Caespitosa Gaud.), Bryan William Duff Jan 1997

Comparative Salt And Waterlogging Tolerance Of An Introduced Grass (Agropyron Elongatum [Host] P. Beauv.) And Two Herbaceous Australian Species (Podolepis Gracilis [Lehm.] And Danthonia Caespitosa Gaud.), Bryan William Duff

Theses : Honours

Increasing land degradation is recognised as an immediate worldwide threat. Human induced soil salinity is probably the major cause of land abandonment, through its adverse effects on plant growth. Salinity is a major focus of environmental researchers because it is recognised that counter-strategies can potentially reclaim both artificially degraded lands and intrinsically saline areas. Currently, strategies to combat salinity require that land use is changed, since restoration to a past use is usually economically impractical or impossible. Biological strategies show most promise. Revegetation of degraded soils with hardy plant species has met with considerable success, and shows promise for the …


The Foraging Ecology And Habitat Selection Of The Yellow-Plumed Honeyeater (Lichenostomus Ornatus) At Dryandra Woodland, Western Australia, Kellie Wilson Jan 1997

The Foraging Ecology And Habitat Selection Of The Yellow-Plumed Honeyeater (Lichenostomus Ornatus) At Dryandra Woodland, Western Australia, Kellie Wilson

Theses : Honours

The foraging ecology and habitat selection of the Yellow-plumed Honeyeater was examined using observations and vegetation surveys at Dryandra Woodland, Western Australia. Foraging ecology data was collected over three seasons (autumn, winter and spring) in 1997 at three sites within Dryandra. Habitat selection studies involved 156 sites being surveyed for the presence or absence of the Yellow-plumed Honeyeater. The vegetation characteristics of the site were measured. Yellow-plumed Honeyeaters foraged by gleaning foliage most of the time. Bark and aerial foraging were also common. Birds clearly selected for tree height, preferring to forage on larger (older) trees which may be because …


Some Aspects Of The Ecology Of An Urban Corvid : The Australian Raven (Corvus Coronoides) In Metropolitan Perth, P. J. Stewart Jan 1997

Some Aspects Of The Ecology Of An Urban Corvid : The Australian Raven (Corvus Coronoides) In Metropolitan Perth, P. J. Stewart

Theses : Honours

The relatively recent and noticeable increase in abundance and distribution of the Australian Raven (Corvus coronoides) in the Perth metropolitan area, has led to an increase in the amount of problems associated with the bird resulting in a need to quantify its ecology in an urban context. This research documented the abundance and distribution of the raven, possible reasons for its increase, the basic nesting characteristics, peoples attitudes, basic morphology, food items and problems associated with the bird in Perth and Kings Park. These aims were achieved by using observational field data, culled birds, a newspaper questionnaire and Geographic Information …


An Investigation Of The Acarine Fauna Of Rehabilitated Bauxite Mines In The Northern Jarrah Forest, Alex Cuccovia Jan 1997

An Investigation Of The Acarine Fauna Of Rehabilitated Bauxite Mines In The Northern Jarrah Forest, Alex Cuccovia

Theses : Honours

The northern jarrah forest relies on efficient nutrient cycling for its growth and long term sustainability. The decomposition of organic matter and the recycling of nutrients in such ecosystems are facilitated through the interaction of microflora with a myriad of invertebrates. The recolonisation of invertebrate fauna to rehabilitated bauxite mines is thus of critical importance to the long-term success of rehabilitation. This study investigated the soil and litter mite fauna, important components of the invertebrate community well known for their numerical dominance and high biodiversity. A spring sampling of the mite fauna was undertaken, employing standard soil and litter sampling …


The Role Of Fas And Fas Ligand In Apoptosis During Regression Of The Corpus Luteum, Sharon Roughton Jan 1997

The Role Of Fas And Fas Ligand In Apoptosis During Regression Of The Corpus Luteum, Sharon Roughton

Theses : Honours

Apoptosis, a form of physiological cell death, has been found to occur during regression of the corpus luteum (Juengel etal, 1993; Dharmarajan etal, 1994). The pathways involved in this process, however, have yet to be specified. One possible mediator of corpus luteum regression is the Fas (or AP0-1 or CD95) receptor, a transmembrane protein which induces apoptosis in the cell when ligated. In order to further confirm this hypolhesis, the present study establishes and quantitates the presence and regulation of Fas receptor and Fas ligand (Fasl) in the rat corpus luteum during pregnancy and post-partum. The animals used were sexually …


Predation By Gambusia Holbrooki (Girard) (Pisces Poeciliidae) On Tadpoles : Feeding Trials And Microhabitat Utilisation In Two Contrasting Wetlands On The Swan Coastal Plain, Western Australia, Beate Sommer Jan 1997

Predation By Gambusia Holbrooki (Girard) (Pisces Poeciliidae) On Tadpoles : Feeding Trials And Microhabitat Utilisation In Two Contrasting Wetlands On The Swan Coastal Plain, Western Australia, Beate Sommer

Theses : Honours

Predation by non-native Gambusia spp. (somewhat inappropriately referred to as “Mosquitofish”) has been implicated in the decline of some frog populations overseas and in eastern Australia. Originally introduced to control mosquito larvae, Gambusia holbrooki are now widely distributed and abundant in wetlands of the Swan Coastal Plain (Western Australia). Anecdotal evidence suggests that some frog populations on the Swan Coastal Plain may be declining. Through a series of laboratory feeding trials and a field survey conducted in a permanent and a seasonal wetland on the Swan Coastal Plain, this study investigated whether predation by G. holbrooki has the potential to …


A Study Of Biochemical And Haematological Variables With Performance In Showjumping Horses, Darren B. Simmons Jan 1997

A Study Of Biochemical And Haematological Variables With Performance In Showjumping Horses, Darren B. Simmons

Theses : Honours

This honours project examined the biochemical and haematological changes induced by exercise in the showjumping horse to determine whether a relationship exists between these values and performance. To complete this study 7 geldings and 1 stallion who were considered competition fit by their trainers were subjected to 2 forms of exercise. The first phase of this study involved an incremental exercise test performed at the Byford City Council horse training facility. The horses were cantered/galloped around a 1300m all weather training track at velocities of 6, 8, 10, and 12 m/sec for a duration of 2 minutes for each workload. …