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Some Experiments On The Utilization Of Rice Straw In Papermaking, Kirit C. Mody

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

I. A Brief Description of Rice Straw

The botanical name for rice straw is Oryza sativa. Rice is a well-known cereal and is the staple food of hundreds of millions of people. According to R. J. Rochevica, cultivated rice, including all numerous varieties, originated from will species, which are indigenous to Africa, India, and Indo-China (6).

"A Study Of A Method To Predict Printing Quality Of Paper By Means Of Smoothness And Elongation Test Results", William R. Castle

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

The object of this thesis is to investigate the use of smoothness and elongation test results as criterion for evaluating the printing quality of paper. The relationship of smoothness and printing quality has been known for many years and in all previous work it has been shown to be influential to printing quality. The relationship of elongation and printing quality has never been investigated. The experimental procedure consisted of testing the paper samples for smoothness and elongation, and determining the printing quality of the different papers with the I. G. T. Printability Tester. The results of the analysis of the …

The Utilization Of Hydrogenated Tall Oil In Paper Furnishes, Thomas W. Asmus

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

A literature survey is presented concerning the properties of tall oil, the theory of catalysis, and catalytic hydrogenation applied to tall oil. It is the purpose of the experimental work to prepare a material from tall oil by hydrogenation which will lend itself more useful as a sizing agent for certain low grades of paper.

The experimental results indicated that by hydrogenating tall oil soap, a whiter, less oily material is obtainable. Handsheets were prepared using this hydrogenated material, the starting material, and rosin size as sizing agents. It was found that the handsheets sized with the hydrogenated material had …

Deinking Of Coated Magazine Papers: Experiments With Some Enzymes, Edgar E. Moore Jr.

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Introduction

At the present time fairly harsh procedures are used to deink magazine waste paper. The paper must be cooked in the presence of strong chemicals such as sodium hydroxide at elevated temperature and in some cases this is even carried out under pressure. This results in the removal of ink but the fibers are considerably darkened due to this procedure (1,2). It was the object of this survey to explore the literature to see if there is any information on a relatively mild method involving enzymes, which due to the absence of harsh chemicals and high temperatures would possibly …

Pigment Coating Of Paper In The Laboratory A Comparison Of Several Methods, Clare L. Longton

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Four Bench-type laboratory coaters were compared as to their pattern formation which influences the printability of the coated sheet.

The four Bench-type laboratory coaters used were Wire Wound Doctor Rods, Bird Film Applicators, Bench Trailing Blade Coater and the Martinson Coater.

A constant solids content coating color was used which consisted of 100 parts coating clay and 18 parts casein. A record of the viscosity of the coating slip was kept.

The coated sheets were evaluated by visual inspection, and photomicrographs were taken of the most characteristic patterns. Coat weight, reproducibility and smoothness values were also determined.

It was found …

The Effect Of Chlorine, Hypochlorite, And Chlorine Dioxide Bleaching On The Hemicellulose Content Of Pulp, C. Wesley Smith

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Until the recent time hemicelluloses were regarded as an undesirable part of the cellulose fiber; the most desirable fiber for paper-making purposes was believed to be one containing 100% pure cellulose. This theory is fallacious, since it is now known that hemicellulose plays a major role in paper-making and in fact, a satisfactory paper cannot be formed from wood pulp without some hemicellulosic material being present. The best pulp is one which has been cooked to remove most of the lignin, but not so drastically cooked as to degrade the cellulose or remove too much of the hemicellulose fraction. Such …

Rheology Of Coating Adhesives, Ryan A. Smith

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Many compounds, “flow modifiers”, have been used to change the flow properties of coating adhesives. Thiourea, ammonium thiocyanate, and urea were used in the work to find out what effect they would have on the coating adhesives, starch and alpha protein. It was found that they all lowered the viscosity a great deal. Also it was found that the resulting flow curve in most cases pseudoplastic.

The Effects Of Acid Pretreatment On Hydrogen Peroxide And Zinc Hydrosulphite Bleached Deinked Magazine Stock, Philip C. Sturman

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Magazine papers which have a high groundwood content are deinked in large quantities by the deinking mills. For many uses deinked pulp produced from these papers must be bleached. The commonly practice industrial methods are not wholly satisfactory due to the high shrinkage and lack of brightness stability of the pulp they produce.

In this research project a high groundwood content magazine paper is deinked, washed and bleached. The following bleaching sequences are applied to the portions of the pulp: a single stage hydrogen peroxide treatment, a single stage zinc hydrosulphite treatment and a two-stage hydrogen peroxide-zinc hydrosulphite treatment. In …

A Laboratory Study Of The Effect Of Wet Pressing And Pulp Freeness On The Hygroexpansivity Of Sulphite Paper, Robert L. Woodall

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Since so many of today's papers are used for applications which require a low hygroexpansivity this property of paper is becoming increasingly important. There are many different types of paper which must be stable against changes in dimensions. Papers used in such diverse applications as recording charts, punch cards, paper recording tapes, and packaging boxes all must be stable against dimensional changes in order to function properly in their usage. In the area of printing papers there is a big demand for dimensionally stable paper. Because offset paper is repeatedly exposed to a wet blanket during the color printing process …

Historical And Theoretical Survey Of The Effect Of A Cationic Starch On The Hygroexpansivity Of Paper, Anthony Richard Wagner

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

The effect of a cationic starch as an additive on the hygroexpansivity of paper was made. It was found that the hygroexpansivity of the paper increases as the freeness of the stock is lowered. Small additions of cationic starch gave a substantial strength increase with approximately the same expansivity as the lower strength paper made with pulp alone.

The Influence Of Stock Surface Properties On Grease Resistant Films, John H. Deryke

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Introduction

One of the main problems in applying a continuous film to a fibrous surface such as paper is that coating must cover fibers that lie in every direction. This produces a relatively rough mat, with some fibers protruding. The surface of paper varies, but all papers and board have a surface configuration resembling a range of mountains. In paper, the interstices can be loaded with fillers, but with boards, fillers are not practical due to the amount necessary. Thus, in coating board with a continuous film, the surface configuration of the board is this main determining factor of the …

The Effect Of Wet Strength Resins On The Dimensional Stability Of Paper, Robert Carey Jr.

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Introduction

For many grades of paper, dimensional stability is very important in order for the paper to serve its specific purpose. Included in this category are such papers as map paper, template paper, printing papers, and chart paper. Dimensional stability may be improved by subjecting the fibers to less refining, but strength and other properties suffer as a result. Thus, any material which could be added to the fibers to increase dimensional stability would be welcomed by the paper industry.

The purpose of this thesis is to establish whether a particular type of material, wet strength resins, will improve dimensional …