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The Performance Of Sodium Hypochlorite And Sodium Hypobromite As Bleaching Agents At Varying Levels Of Hydrogen Ion Concentration, Ted Jewson

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Limited information was found in literature survey on the bleaching of wood pulp by means of hypobromites. Experimentation showed that the addition of sodium bromide to sodium hypochlorite results in accelerated bleaching. The optimum pH range for bleaching was found to be higher in presence of hypbromites than in straight hypochlorite bleaching. The maximum brightness values obtained in bleaching with either straight sodium hypobromite or with mixtures of hypochlorite and hypobromites were lower than those obtained with sodium hypochlorite.

The Influence Of Varying Hydrogen Ion And Alumina Concentrations On The Strength Characteristics Of Handsheets Made In The Presence Of Locust Bean Gum, Ronald L. Hamilton

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Mannogalactans and particularly locust bean gum are used for a wide variety of applications. They serve as thickening agents and emulsifiers for foodstuffs, in sizing as well as finishing yarns and in creaming rubber latex. The papermaking industry is the largest user of mannogalactans. Here they are used in kraft grades, sulphite, book papers, coating raw stock, offset and printing grades, bonds, ledgers, and other fine papers and also in newsprint and other groundwood sheets.

Locust bean gum and methylcellulose are effective as deflocculating agents and are said to surpass the performance of deacetylated karaya gum. Both hydration film and …

Possible Use Of Chlorine Dioxide For Bleaching Deinked Paper Stock, Donald E. Thorton

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

The literature survey shows that chlorine dioxide can be used to bleach virgin pulp to a high brightness. The purpose of chlorine dioxide is to preserve the strength of the pulp.

The purpose of this thesis was to find out if chlorine dioxide could be used to preserve the strength of deinked paper stock.

Paper stock was found to lose strength when bleached with calcium hypochlorite and mixed with virgin pulp the loss of strength carried over in the mixture.

When the paper stock was bleached with chlorine dioxide, there was no loss of strength in the paper stock.

Supercalender Variables (Ii) The Effect Of Supercalender Pressure And Temperature On The Physical Properties Of Paper, Robert C. Walker

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

This thesis is the second in a series of fundamental investigations of the variables of supercalendering. The variables studied in this thesis are roll temperature and nip pressure. These variables were investigated by testing three types of paper that were supercalendered at various controlled roll pressures and temperatures. Different values of these variables during supercalendering were found to cause noticeable differences in the physical properties of supercalendered paper. It was observed, after studying the physical tests made on each of the three types of paper, that the type of paper being supercalendered, influences, to a varying degree, the effect of …

The Influence Of Pith Cells On The Papermaking Characteristics Of Pulp From Bagasse, Miguel A. Cabrera

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Literature Survey

Introduction

The fact that the need for paper products is increasing in an unparallel manner with the wood resources available at the United States market, has open the field for research studies in the development of new raw materials.

Bagasse has been a waste product submitted to intense laboratory investigation due to the fact that is a world available and relatively cheap fiber. Its use as a papermaking material has been investigated over a 100 years. Its development has been attacked by the different and contradictory opinions obtained from pilot plant runs and lack of knowledge techniques in …

Fiber Length As A Variable Influencing Wet Strength, Charles Elliott

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

It was desired to discover the influence of fiber length on wet strength obtained by the addition of a resin. The wet strength tests chosen were the tear and tensile, the retention of the resin was also measured. The resin used was melamine formaldehyde acid colliod.

The wet tensile showed no significant drop with decreasing fiber length until the fibers were cut very short. The wet tear was shown to be very sensitive to any change in fiber length. The retention of the resin was relatively unaffected by the fiber length.

The Influence Of Locust Bean Gum On The Strength Characteristics Of Handsheets Under Varying Ph Conditions. A Study Of The Effect Of Alum Or Hydrogen Ion Concentration, Robert J. Witters

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

A literature survey concerning the addition of locust bean gum to beaten pulp and the resulting strength characteristics imparted to handsheets through the addition of the gum has been undertaken. Although much literature can be found, hardly any detailed information can be extracted on the effect of alum or hydrogen ion concentration. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to draw some conclusion, through laboratory work, as to any possible change, due to pH or alum, in the strength characteristics of handsheets containing locust bean gum.

The first part of this thesis will be a brief review of work that …

The Loss Of Some Strength Characteristics Of Coated Magazine Paper As A Result Of Exposure To Elevated Temperatures, Hugh D. Burnie

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Introduction

The purpose of this work is to investigate the effect that varying degrees of temperature have on the strength properties of coated magazine stock. Paper of this type encounters high temperature conditions primarily in the ink drying operations following the printing of the web. The strength with which the paper meets the cutting, folding and binding methods which follow the drying operation are of paramount importance to the printer. Throughout the work, attempts were made to assimilate conditions encountered in present day commercial practice.

A New Experimental Pulp Digester Installation With Separate Steam Supply, Andre L. Breton

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Part I

Literature Survey

Up to now, few articles have been written on the subject of Experimental Pulp Digester Installations. In our searches we have been able to find information concerning only The Pulp and Paper Research Institute of Canada in Montreal, P.Q., Canada, The Chemical Pulp Experimental Department of the Central Laboratory in Finland, and a sulfite digester for research and instruction at the University of Washington at Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.

Acid Treatment Of Pulp At Different Temperatures And The Resultant Change In Pulp Characteristics, Kent Dickerman

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Literature Survey

The aim of this thesis is to investigate the acid treatment of pulp at different temperatures. In the experimental work, enough sulfuric acid is used to neutralize the mixture of pulp and water and thereafter reach in the pH range of one and eight tenths to two at atmospheric pressure. Temperatures during experimentation range from room temperature to 100° Centigrade.