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Development Of Functional Markers For Resistance To Smut And Identification Of Genes Differentially Expressed In Response To Brown Rust In Sugarcane, Jose David Cortes
Development Of Functional Markers For Resistance To Smut And Identification Of Genes Differentially Expressed In Response To Brown Rust In Sugarcane, Jose David Cortes
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Smut, caused by Sporisorium scitamineum and brown rust, caused by Puccinia melanocephala, are two of the most important diseases that affect sugarcane production in Louisiana and worldwide. Smut continues to cause losses in the breeding program in Louisiana. Therefore, a QTL analysis was conducted to identify molecular markers associated with resistance in F1 progeny (162) of a biparental cross between susceptible cultivar L 99-233 and resistant HoCP 96-540. Using 1,574 single-dose SNP markers, a total of 253 linkage groups (LG) were obtained with a genome coverage of 24,580.15 cM. Six QTLs were localized on five LGs. The highest …
Cover Cropping: Sensor-Based Estimations Of Biomass Yield And Nutrient Uptake And Its Impact On Sugarcane Productivity, Hector H. Fajardo Duran
Cover Cropping: Sensor-Based Estimations Of Biomass Yield And Nutrient Uptake And Its Impact On Sugarcane Productivity, Hector H. Fajardo Duran
LSU Master's Theses
Sugarcane in Louisiana can be harvested for up to three years from one planting. Soil cultivation along sides of established beds is done for weed control and improve fertilizer use efficiency which increases the risk of soil degradation and yield decline. Planting cover crops (CC) is a soil conservation practice and an effective strategy to improve soil health and nutrient recycling. Limited work has been done on remote sensor-based evaluation of the potential nutrient benefits from cover crops and its effect on nutrient cycling on sugarcane systems. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of two planting methods (broadcast …
Evaluating The Effect Of Coated Urea And Urea-Ammonium-Nitrate Solution On Cane Tonnage, Sugar Yield, And Leaf-Soil Nitrogen Content Under Louisiana Sugarcane Production System, Hector J. Mendoza Lagos
Evaluating The Effect Of Coated Urea And Urea-Ammonium-Nitrate Solution On Cane Tonnage, Sugar Yield, And Leaf-Soil Nitrogen Content Under Louisiana Sugarcane Production System, Hector J. Mendoza Lagos
LSU Master's Theses
Nitrogen (N) is a crucial nutrient for proper plant growth and development. N deficiency results in poor tillering and thin, short internode stem production for sugarcane production, thus resulting in low cane tonnage. Therefore, proper N fertilizer management is essential for a sustainable sugarcane production system. This research was conducted at the LSU AgCenter Sugar Research Station in St. Gabriel, LA, from 2019 to 2020 at three Sites (Site 1, 2, and 3). The treatments consisted of different N rates (0, 45, 90, and 135 kg N ha-1) and sources (urea-ammonium-nitrate solution [UAN]-32%, 30-day [Coated Urea 1], 45-day …
Examination Of Pre-Emergence Control Of Johnsongrass In Sugarcane Seedlings, Carleton Baucum
Examination Of Pre-Emergence Control Of Johnsongrass In Sugarcane Seedlings, Carleton Baucum
LSU Master's Theses
Sugarcane is susceptible to many diseases and insect pests; therefore, to maintain high sugar yield new varieties must be developed. Producing new varieties contributes to the overall crop success through enhanced yield, insect and/or disease resistance, cold tolerance, and ratooning ability. However, unlike conventional sugarcane, which is vegetatively propagated, new sugarcane varieties are produced from true seed. These seedlings are more susceptible to herbicidal injury and weed competition than conventional sugarcane. For sugarcane seedlings to succeed, weeds must be controlled therefore, the most effective herbicide program with regards to seedling safety must be implemented. The objectives of this research were …
Marker-Trait Association Mapping Of Sorghum Mosaic Virus Resistance In Sugarcane, Chenie Zamora
Marker-Trait Association Mapping Of Sorghum Mosaic Virus Resistance In Sugarcane, Chenie Zamora
LSU Master's Theses
Mosaic is a potentially devastating disease of sugarcane that had severe economic impact on Louisiana’s sugarcane industry in the 1920’s and has caused periodic problems ever since. The disease is vectored by migrating aphids that transmit Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) and Sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV) in a non-persistent manner. Mosaic in Louisiana is currently caused by strains of SrMV. Mosaic has been controlled primarily by developing resistant cultivars. Recently, mosaic was detected in some near-commercial clones in the cultivar selection program. This prompted extensive screening of breeding program parent populations that detected infiltration of susceptibility and revealed the need for …
Integrated Nutrient Management And Cover Cropping Practices In Louisiana Sugarcane Production Systems, Daniel Erneso Forestieri
Integrated Nutrient Management And Cover Cropping Practices In Louisiana Sugarcane Production Systems, Daniel Erneso Forestieri
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Integrating effective fertilizer management with conservation practices is essential to improve farm income and promote environment friendly sugarcane production systems. A study was conducted in multiple to document the impact of nitrogen (N) source and cover cropping on sugarcane yield and quality components. The treatment consisted of different N sources: urea, knife-in urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) solution, calcium nitrate-CaNO3, ammonium sulfate-NH4SO4, and knife-in UAN. + foliar N, applied at 90 kg ha-1 and control (0 N). The cover crops included: crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum), hairy vetch (Vicia villosa), and oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus L.) planted at 13, 17, and 1 …
Distribution And Incidence Of Mosaic And Evaluation Of Susceptibility In Louisiana's Current Sugarcane Germplasm, Jancee Rice
Distribution And Incidence Of Mosaic And Evaluation Of Susceptibility In Louisiana's Current Sugarcane Germplasm, Jancee Rice
LSU Master's Theses
Mosaic is a viral disease of sugarcane caused primarily by Sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV) in Louisiana. Low mosaic incidence has resulted from successful breeding for resistance. However, mosaic was detected in breeding program experimental clones and a new cultivar, HoCP 09-804.Therefore, multiple research approaches were undertaken to assess the current status of mosaic in Louisiana sugarcane and prevent it from re-emerging as an important problem. Field surveys conducted during 2016-2018 of breeding program yield trials and experimental clone seed-cane increases determined disease incidence and distribution. Mosaic was detected in three of five sugarcane production areas and incidence ranged from 0 …
Genome Wide Association Studies For Identification Of Markers Linked To Sucrose Traits In Sugarcane, Nathanael Darrell Fickett
Genome Wide Association Studies For Identification Of Markers Linked To Sucrose Traits In Sugarcane, Nathanael Darrell Fickett
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Sugarcane, being a complex aneu-polyploid, poses unique challenges to fine mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling agronomic traits of interest. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) could be a better alternative to identify molecular markers associated with specific traits due to high linkage disequilibrium in sugarcane. In the first study, marker-trait associations (MTAs) were evaluated for three sucrose traits, Brix, total recoverable sugar (TRS), and percent sucrose on 48 elite and historic Louisiana breeding clones using 1,062 alleles. These sucrose traits were highly correlated (P-value < 0.0001) at >0.96. TASSEL 5.1 and JMP Genomics 8.0 were compared with eight models run in each program. …
Effects Of Application Timing And Soil Type On Optimal N Rate Requirement Of Sugarcane (Saccharum Spp.) And Changes In Soil Inorganic And Leaf N Concentrations, Joseph Martin Garrett
Effects Of Application Timing And Soil Type On Optimal N Rate Requirement Of Sugarcane (Saccharum Spp.) And Changes In Soil Inorganic And Leaf N Concentrations, Joseph Martin Garrett
LSU Master's Theses
Research is limited on the effects of soil types and early nitrogen (N) fertilizer applications to N management strategies in sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) production in Louisiana. This study was established in 2015 at two locations in St. Gabriel, LA to 1) determine the effect of fertilizer application timing and soil type on the optimal N rate requirement and yield of sugarcane and 2) relate the relationship of soil and leaf N content to yield at different growth stages with sugarcane yield. Treatments were set in a randomized block design on a clay soil and in a complete randomized …
Evaluation Of Controlled-Release Nitrogen And Potassium Fertilizer In Louisiana Sugarcane Production, Samuel Kwakye
Evaluation Of Controlled-Release Nitrogen And Potassium Fertilizer In Louisiana Sugarcane Production, Samuel Kwakye
LSU Master's Theses
Sugarcane (Saccharum spp) production is an integral part of Louisiana's economy. Proper fertilizer management, particularly nitrogen (N) and potassium (K), optimizes sugarcane production. An experiment was established in 2015 at the LSU AgCenter Sugar Research Station in St. Gabriel, Louisiana to: (1) assess the effect of N and K fertilizer sources on sugarcane yield and quality parameters, and (2) monitor the changes in inorganic N and K levels in the soil at different sugarcane growth stages. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design on a Sharkey clay soil and complete randomized design on a Commerce …
A Comparison Of Soils And Their Associated Microbial Communities As Affected By Sugarcane Cultivation, Adam Francis Bigott
A Comparison Of Soils And Their Associated Microbial Communities As Affected By Sugarcane Cultivation, Adam Francis Bigott
LSU Master's Theses
In Louisiana, sugarcane has been grown in the same soils for over 200 years. A phenomenon wherein soils with a long-term sugarcane cropping history produce decreased yields compared to adjacent land without a recent history of sugarcane cultivation has been documented in multiple sugarcane growing regions. Research in both Louisiana and internationally has shown positive plant growth responses when soils with a long-term cultivation history are sterilized or treated with selective biocides, suggesting there is a biological component to the underlying soil health issue. In this study, soil microbial ecology was compared for paired sites with short and long-term sugarcane …
Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency And Yield In Louisiana Sugarcane Production Systems, Daniel Ernesto Forestieri
Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency And Yield In Louisiana Sugarcane Production Systems, Daniel Ernesto Forestieri
LSU Master's Theses
Proper nitrogen (N) management is essential to optimize crop production. This study was conducted to evaluate different N fertilizer management strategies to improve N use efficiency and yield in sugarcane production in Louisiana. This research was initiated in 2013 at the Sugar Research Station in St. Gabriel, LA and was arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications consisting of different N rates (0, 45, 90, and 135 kg N ha-1) and sources (urea-46% N, ammonium nitrate [AN]-34% N, and urea-ammonium-nitrate solution [UAN]-32% N dribbled and knifed-in) as treatments. Sensor readings were taken from different N response trials …
Identification Of Genes Associated With Resistance To Brown Rust In Sugarcane And Prevalence Of One Major Gene, Mavir Carolina Avellaneda Barbosa
Identification Of Genes Associated With Resistance To Brown Rust In Sugarcane And Prevalence Of One Major Gene, Mavir Carolina Avellaneda Barbosa
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Development of resistant cultivars is the main control measure against sugarcane brown rust caused by Puccinia melanocephala. Durability is uncertain, since the pathogen possesses adaptive ability to overcome host plant resistance. A differential gene expression study utilizing suppressive subtraction hybridization was conducted to improve understanding of brown rust resistance mechanisms in sugarcane. The expression patterns of 11 unigenes representing biosynthetic pathways, defense-related genes, and signaling genes were analyzed in L 99-233, a cultivar exhibiting quantitative resistance, L 01-299, a resistant cultivar with the major resistance gene Bru1, and two susceptible cultivars, Ho 95-988 and L 09-125, at 24 h, 48 …
Mexican Rice Borer (Eoreuma Loftini) Pheromone Trap Efficacy And Role In Invasive Species Monitoring And Pest Management, Blake Emerson Wilson
Mexican Rice Borer (Eoreuma Loftini) Pheromone Trap Efficacy And Role In Invasive Species Monitoring And Pest Management, Blake Emerson Wilson
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The Mexican rice borer, Eoreuma loftini (Dyar) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is an invasive pest of sugarcane, Saccharum spp.; rice, Oryza sativa; and other graminaceous crops along the U.S. Gulf Coast. Identification of E. loftini sex pheromones led to the development of pheromone baited traps. Studies were conducted to determine strategies for the use of E. loftini pheromone traps in invasive species monitoring and pest management. A two-year field study demonstrated that E. loftini pheromone traps attract males from distances of up to 100m. A behavioral assay observed that detection of the pheromone by E. loftini males occurs at ≈48m from the …
Development Of Functional Markers For Resistance To Leaf Scald In Sugarcane, Andres Felipe Gutierrez Viveros
Development Of Functional Markers For Resistance To Leaf Scald In Sugarcane, Andres Felipe Gutierrez Viveros
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Leaf scald, caused by Xanthomonas albilineans, is a major sugarcane disease worldwide. The disease is managed primarily with resistant cultivars obtained through classical breeding; however, the erratic symptom expression hinders the reliability and reproducibility of the selection process. The development of molecular markers associated with incompatible/compatible reaction can overcome this limitation. Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) and quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping were the strategies used to find leaf scald resistance-associated genes and molecular markers in sugarcane. SSH results showed that genes involved in signal perception and transduction, and DNA binding, were highly expressed in the resistant clone LCP 85-384 compared …
Detection And Quantification Of Xanthomonas Albilineans In Sugarcane Tissues With Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction And Evaluation As Methodology For Monitoring Resistance, Andres Felipe Gutierrez Viveros
Detection And Quantification Of Xanthomonas Albilineans In Sugarcane Tissues With Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction And Evaluation As Methodology For Monitoring Resistance, Andres Felipe Gutierrez Viveros
LSU Master's Theses
Leaf scald, caused by Xanthomonas albilineans, is a major sugarcane disease worldwide that is controlled primarily with host plant resistance. Since visual evaluation of disease resistance can be uncertain due to erratic symptom expression, a more reliable screening method is needed for resistance research. A quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay was developed previously with demonstrated potential for resistance screening. However, only four cultivars with extreme reaction against the disease (two highly susceptible and two highly resistant) were compared. Therefore, additional research was conducted to demonstrate assay specificity, compare bacterial populations in 31 clones with varying levels of susceptibility at …
Screening For Resistance To Sugarcane Brown Rust With Controlled Conditions Inoculation, Mavir Carolina Avellaneda Barbosa
Screening For Resistance To Sugarcane Brown Rust With Controlled Conditions Inoculation, Mavir Carolina Avellaneda Barbosa
LSU Master's Theses
Brown rust, caused by Puccinia melanocephala, is an important disease of sugarcane. Breeding for host plant resistance is the primary control measure. Screening for resistance has relied on rating the severity of symptoms caused by natural infection; however, erratic results make this method problematic. A method accomplishing both infection and disease expression under controlled conditions could avoid the problems associated with resistance evaluations under natural infection. Inoculation of seedlings was evaluated to determine whether it could provide accurate resistance ratings in cross appraisal, and inoculation under controlled conditions was evaluated for the potential to accurately determine resistance reactions in clones …
The Economics Of Processing Ethanol At Louisiana Sugar Mills: A Three Part Economic Analysis Of Feedstocks, Risk, Business Strategies, And Uncertainty, Paul Michael Darby
The Economics Of Processing Ethanol At Louisiana Sugar Mills: A Three Part Economic Analysis Of Feedstocks, Risk, Business Strategies, And Uncertainty, Paul Michael Darby
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The development of an efficient processing infrastructure is critical for the budding cellulosic ethanol industry. Developing a diverse feedstock portfolio is one crucial part of this process which can lead towards economically feasible cellulosic ethanol production. Cellulosic ethanol production requires the production and transportation of large quantities of biomass. Sugarcane and other dense grasses offer a compelling path towards a successful biomass supply chain. The Louisiana sugar belt already has an infrastructure adapted to the task of biomass supply, and taking advantage of this is one key way that a cellulosic ethanol plant can benefit from the region’s endowment. Additionally, …
Comparative Proteome And Qpcr Analysis Of The Sugarcane Reaction To Leaf Scald Caused By Xanthomonas Albilineans, Freddy Fernando Garces-Obando
Comparative Proteome And Qpcr Analysis Of The Sugarcane Reaction To Leaf Scald Caused By Xanthomonas Albilineans, Freddy Fernando Garces-Obando
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Leaf scald is an important disease of sugarcane caused by Xanthomonas albilineans (Xa). Leaf scald is controlled by the development and planting of resistant cultivars. However, erratic symptom expression makes conventional screening for resistance difficult. In addition, the mechanisms of resistance to leaf scald are not completely understood. Real-time, quantitative polymerase-chain-reaction (qPCR) assays were developed utilizing SYBR Green for a highly sensitive detection method or a TaqMan probe to quantify Xa populations in infected plants. Xa populations detected by qPCR followed similar trends to disease severity ratings and vascular infection results for two resistant and two susceptible cultivars under greenhouse …
Advanced Management Of The Mexican Rice Borer (Eoreuma Loftini) In Sugarcane, Blake Emerson Wilson
Advanced Management Of The Mexican Rice Borer (Eoreuma Loftini) In Sugarcane, Blake Emerson Wilson
LSU Master's Theses
Insecticide, greenhouse and varietal resistance experiments were conducted in Texas to develop management tactics for the Mexican rice borer, Eoreuma loftini (Dyar), sugarcane. A 3-treatment, large plot aerial application study was set up in 5 commercial sugarcane fields (35-84 acres) to evaluate the utilization of pheromone traps to improve chemical control strategies for E. loftini during 2009 and 2010 growing seasons. A threshold of 20-25 moths/trap/wk was used as an indicator to initiate monitoring for E. loftini larval infestations. Larval infestations were directly related to the no. of moths/trap/wk (R2=0.71). Reductions in borer injury and adult emergence (60% and 40% …
An Economic Analysis Of The Costs Of Alternative Sugarcane Fallow Weed Control Programs, José Rodolfo Mite Cáceres
An Economic Analysis Of The Costs Of Alternative Sugarcane Fallow Weed Control Programs, José Rodolfo Mite Cáceres
LSU Master's Theses
Economic research was conducted to present estimates of costs per acre associated with fallow sugarcane weed control programs for Louisiana in 2010. The 2010 projected costs are associated with the various phases of sugarcane fallow using different machinery, implements, and weed control practices followed by most growers in the main sugarcane production area of Louisiana. For bermudagrass and johnsongrass weed control treatments, the herbicides applied were Roundup Original Max at 46 oz/A, generic glyphosate at 64 oz/A, DuPont K4 60DG, Trifluralin 4EC at 4 qt/A, and EPTC at 3.5 pt/A. Purple nutsedge weed control treatments included Roundup Original Max at …
Determination Of The Economic Optimal Cycle Length For Major Sugarcane (Saccharum Spp.) Varieties In Louisiana, Juan Steer Nunes
Determination Of The Economic Optimal Cycle Length For Major Sugarcane (Saccharum Spp.) Varieties In Louisiana, Juan Steer Nunes
LSU Master's Theses
The general objective of the study was to determine the economically optimal crop cycle length for major sugarcane varieties currently being produced in Louisiana. The specific objectives of the project included the specification of the mathematical acreage relationships which directly impact the production of a vegetatively propagated perennial crop in a whole farm context; the development of producer decision rules to be used to determine breakeven sugar levels on third stubble sugarcane crops for major varieties in the state; the evaluation of the impact of changes in production factors on developed crop replacement rules; and the optimal cycle length for …
An Economic Evaluation Of Sugarcane Combine Harvester Costs And Optimal Harvest Schedules For Louisiana, Francis Gil Barker
An Economic Evaluation Of Sugarcane Combine Harvester Costs And Optimal Harvest Schedules For Louisiana, Francis Gil Barker
LSU Master's Theses
Rising production costs, primarily associated with increasing fuel and fertilizer prices, combined with a relatively flat to slightly declining market price trend, have significantly reduced profit margins from sugarcane production in Louisiana over the past few years. Harvest operations are one area in which growers can have considerable influence on costs per unit. Estimation of current sugarcane harvest costs as well as economic evaluation of the impact of various factors on the performance and cost of this production phase are important to growers in conducting these harvest operations as efficiently and cost effectively as possible. The general objective of this …
Sugarcane Seed Response To 2,4-D And Alternative Herbicides For Red Morningglory (Ipomoea Coccinea L.) Control, Jonathan Daniel Siebert
Sugarcane Seed Response To 2,4-D And Alternative Herbicides For Red Morningglory (Ipomoea Coccinea L.) Control, Jonathan Daniel Siebert
LSU Master's Theses
Field studies conducted over two growing seasons evaluated the effect of 2,4-D applied at 1.6 kg ai/ha to LCP 85-384 sugarcane (Saccharum interspecific hybrid) 7, 5, 3, and 1 wk before planting (WBP). Sugarcane was planted in mid-September using both whole stalk and billet (45 cm) seed pieces. When 2,4-D was applied 5 wk or closer to planting, sugarcane shoot emergence and population averaged across planting methods was reduced 5, 7, and 28 wk after planting (WAP) when compared to the nontreated control. Sugarcane height in one of two years was reduced when 2,4-D was applied 5 wk or closer …
Economic Analysis Of The Best Management Practices (Bmps) In Louisiana Sugarcane Production, Ying Zhong
Economic Analysis Of The Best Management Practices (Bmps) In Louisiana Sugarcane Production, Ying Zhong
LSU Master's Theses
Agriculture has been identified as one of the major sources of nonpoint water pollution due to discharges running off farmland. This study assessed the current adoption of Best Management Practices (BMPs) in the Louisiana sugarcane industry and provided policy recommendations based on the empirical results. Fifteen BMPs recommended by Louisiana State University Agricultural Center were examined in three categories: Soil Erosion and Sediment Control, Nutrient Management, and Pesticide Management. Based on neoclassical economic principles of individual’s utility maximization, this study evaluated seven multivariate probit models using primary data collected from a mail survey of Louisiana’s sugarcane producers. The results indicated …