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The Virtuous Circle Of Innovation In Italian Firms, Francesco Bogliacino, Matteo Lucchese, Leopoldo Nascia, Mario Pianta

Mario Pianta

The “virtuous circle” between innovative inputs, outputs and economic performance is investigated in this article with a three equation model highlighting feedback loops and simultaneous relations. An empirical test is carried out considering innovative expenditure, innovative turnover and economic results in a sample of Italian manufacturing firms which are ‘serial innovators’. We use data for the period 2000-2008 from a rich panel of Italian firms over 50 employees drawn from ISTAT, the National Institute of Statistics, including data from three waves of Community Innovation Surveys. The model we use extends the one developed at the industry level by Bogliacino and …

Export, R&D And New Products. A Model And A Test On European Industries, Dario Guarascio, Mario Pianta, Francesco Bogliacino

Mario Pianta

In this article we extend the model developed by Bogliacino and Pianta (2013a, 2013b) on the link between R&D, innovation and economic performance, considering the impact of innovation of export success. We develop a simultaneous three equation model in order to investigate the existence of a ‘virtuous circle’ between industries’ R&D, share of product innovators and export market shares. We investigate empirically – at the industry level – three key relationships affecting the dynamics of innovation and export performance: first, the capacity of firms to translate their R&D efforts in new products; second, the role of innovation as a determinant …

Industrial And Innovation Policies In The European Union, Matteo Lucchese, Mario Pianta

Mario Pianta

Firm Size And Innovation In European Manufacturing, Mario Pianta, Andrea Vaona

Mario Pianta

The paper investigates the differences between small, medium-sized and large firms regarding their performance in the introduction of new products and processes. After a review of the relevant literature, two models are proposed and tested in search for different business strategies and innovation inputs connected to product and process innovations. The empirical analysis uses innovation survey (CIS 2) data at the industry level for 22 manufacturing sectors, broken down in three firm size classes, for eight European countries. Special attention is devoted to tackling the issues of possible endogeneity of the regressors and of unobserved sectoral heterogeneity. The results – …

New Process And New Products In Europe And Italy, Mario Pianta, Francesco Crespi

Mario Pianta

Innovazione E Occupazione, Mario Pianta

Mario Pianta

No abstract provided.

Demand And Innovation In European Industries, Mario Pianta, Francesco Crespi

Mario Pianta

After the decade-old debate between demand-pull and technology-push perspectives, demand seems to have fallen out of fashion. In this paper two models are proposed on the determinants of general innovative activities and on the market impact of product innovations. The models combine the supply and demand engines of innovation, and qualify the type of innovative efforts, distinguishing between those oriented towards cost reductions or towards technological competitiveness. The models are tested at the industry level for 22 manufacturing sectors and 17 services sectors in six European countries. The results show that efforts at technological competitiveness, product oriented strategies and the …

Innovation And Employment, Mario Pianta

Mario Pianta

The relationship between innovation and employment is a complex one and has long been a topical issue in economic theory. Moving from the classical question ‘‘does technology create or destroy jobs?’’ recent research has investigated the impact of different types of innovation and the structural and institutional factors affecting the quantity of employment change. Quality aspects have received increasing attention, with questions of ‘‘what type of jobs are created or destroyed by innovation?’’ This line of research has asked, ‘‘how does the composition of skills change’’ and ‘‘how does the wage structure change,’’ leading to a large literature on skill …

Innovation And The Economy, Mario Pianta, J. Michie, C. Oughton

Mario Pianta

Unemployment has remained at relatively high levels across most European countries for a generation now. There have been a number of suggested explanations for this, with correspondingly different policy implications. Two of the major hypotheses relate, first, to the impact on the European economies from increased international competition, and `globalisation’ more generally, and, secondly, to the effects of new technology and innovation. The effects of both globalisation and technology on growth and employment in Europe have been researched over the past two years through an EU-funded project, the results of which, relating in particular to innovation, are reported in this …

Measuring Technological Change Through Patents And Innovation Surveys, Mario Pianta, Daniele Archibugi

Mario Pianta

This article provides an overview of recent research using innovation surveys and patent data as indicators of technological activity. The conceptual and methodological problems of 'measuring' technology are discussed, with a classification of the types of information which can be drawn from patent databases and from surveys of both innovations and the innovative efforts of firms. The findings and the methodological strengths and weaknesses of such studies are reviewed, considering first the evidence at the firm level, second the analysis of the industrial structure and finally the evidence at the country level and the process of globalization. The overview shows …

Aggregate Convergence And Sectoral Specialization In Innovation, Mario Pianta, Daniele Archibugi

Mario Pianta

Over the last 20 years OECD countries have converged in terms of their innovation, in parallel to the process of economic convergence and catching-up in technology. However, this has not led to a similarity in the sectoral strenghts of the majority of countries. Applying a measure of "technological distance" between pairs of countries based on patents, it is shown that nations have increased their technological specialization (i.e their sectoral differences) over the 1980s. An apparent paradox is pointed out, as countries converge by becoming more different and grow by becoming more specialized.

Specialization And Size Of Technological Activities In Industrial Countries: The Analysis Of Patent Data, Mario Pianta, Daniele Archibugi

Mario Pianta

The determinants and directton of the technological specialization of advanced countries are investtgated in thus paper using patent counts and citations as technology indicators.