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Cognitive Impairments And Reversibility Among Opioid Users, Jingxiu Zhao
Cognitive Impairments And Reversibility Among Opioid Users, Jingxiu Zhao
Scripps Senior Theses
Extensive studies have shown that acute and chronic use of opioids is related to cognitive impairments in different aspects. This study aims to explore impairments in executive functions among opioid users, focusing on cognitive impulsivity, cognitive flexibility, spatial working memory, and verbal working memory, as well as investigating the potential reversibility of these impairments under conditions of methadone maintenance treatment. In a sample including active opioid users, methadone maintenance patients, and healthy controls from downtown Los Angeles who do not meet exclusion criteria, the research will employ four tasks and scales to evaluate and compare executive functioning among these groups. …
Impulsivity, Impulsive And Reflective Processes And The Development Of Alcohol Use And Misuse In Adolescents And Young Adults, Reinout W. Wiers, Susan L. Ames, Wilhelm Hofmann, Marvin Krank, Alan W. Stacy
Impulsivity, Impulsive And Reflective Processes And The Development Of Alcohol Use And Misuse In Adolescents And Young Adults, Reinout W. Wiers, Susan L. Ames, Wilhelm Hofmann, Marvin Krank, Alan W. Stacy
CGU Faculty Publications and Research
This paper contrasts dual-process and personality approaches in the prediction of addictive behaviors and related risk behaviors. In dual-process models, behavior is described as the joint outcome of qualitatively different “impulsive” (or associative) and “reflective” processes. There are important individual differences regarding both types of processes, and the relative strength of both in a specific situation is influenced by prior behavior and state variables (e.g., fatigue, alcohol use). From this perspective, a specific behavior (e.g., alcohol misuse) can be predicted by the combined indices of the behavior-related impulsive processes (e.g., associations with alcohol), and reflective processes, including the ability to …