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2018

Personality

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“I’M The Greatest”: Pride, Impression Management, And Denial Of Coercive Control And Physical Abuse By Perpetrators Of Intimate Partner Violence, Benjamin Reissman, Kendra Doychak M.A., Angela Crossman Ph.D., Chitra Raghavan Ph.D. Dec 2018

“I’M The Greatest”: Pride, Impression Management, And Denial Of Coercive Control And Physical Abuse By Perpetrators Of Intimate Partner Violence, Benjamin Reissman, Kendra Doychak M.A., Angela Crossman Ph.D., Chitra Raghavan Ph.D.

Student Theses

Coercive control and physical abuse are two prominent forms of intimate partner violence (IPV), often accompanied by with impression management to conceal such behavior. However, intrinsic motives for engaging in impression management by male IPV offenders are not well-known. The present study makes use of archival data from 85 heterosexual men in a batterer treatment program to gauge how pride, shame, and guilt may relate to impression management and reported IPV. Admission to shame and guilt appear to be correlated with and predictive of both forms of reported abuse, along with the absence of impression management. This implies that internalized …


Elimination Of The Negative Consequences Of The Technogenic Civilization In Social Life, O. Yuldoshev Dec 2018

Elimination Of The Negative Consequences Of The Technogenic Civilization In Social Life, O. Yuldoshev

Review of law sciences

This article is devoted to the negative consequences of anthropogenic civilizations for social life, their causes and solutions.


Can Attachment Style And Temperament Predict Personality Organization?, Connor Logan Smith Dec 2018

Can Attachment Style And Temperament Predict Personality Organization?, Connor Logan Smith

Masters Theses

Otto Kernberg (1967) developed a psychoanalytic theory of personality organization in which he posited that all individuals operate on one of three levels of personality organization: neurotic, borderline, or psychotic. His theory was developmental in nature and based on the idea that our earliest experiences establish unconscious interpersonal patterns that persist throughout life.The current study examined whether attachment style (anxious or avoidant) and factors of temperament (negative affect, effortful control) would predict personality organization. In particular, we examined identity diffusion and use of primitive defenses as markers of personality functioning. Results revealed that anxious attachment, negative affect, and effortful control …


Self-Concept And Identity Development In Adolescents Pamphlet, Ernest M. Oleksy Dec 2018

Self-Concept And Identity Development In Adolescents Pamphlet, Ernest M. Oleksy

The Downtown Review

Parenting is difficult, but parenting an adolescent can be very trying for many parents. As adolescents spend more time with their peers in high school, the pressing questions of who they are and how they can fit in can become daunting and unanswerable. To support parents in their endeavors in supporting their children, this pamphlet provides a brief but thorough salvo into the current literature on identity development, self-concept, and personality as it pertains to adolescents. Furthermore, this pamphlet will provide resources and skill steps for parents to engage in so that they can help their children persist through their …


Using Personality Traits To Predict Pectoral Fin Contact Initiation Role In Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops Truncatus), Riley Paige Macgregor Dec 2018

Using Personality Traits To Predict Pectoral Fin Contact Initiation Role In Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops Truncatus), Riley Paige Macgregor

Master's Theses

Contact with the pectoral fin facilitates formation and maintenance of social relationships between dolphins (Dudzinski & Ribic, 2017). Additionally, several studies have shown that bottlenose dolphins have distinct personalities that are consistent across time and situation (e.g., Highfill & Kuczaj, 2007; Kuczaj, Highfill, & Byerly, 2012), and it has been suggested that these individual differences (i.e., personality) may influence tactile behavior exchanges. The current study therefore aimed to determine if bottlenose dolphin personality traits predict whether and how dolphins initiate contact as a rubber or rubbee during pectoral fin contact exchanges, and to identify whether the effects of personality traits …


Breaking The Silence: A Phenomenological Study Of Introverted Undergraduate Students' Experiences In The Active Learning English Classroom, Richard Lee Green Dec 2018

Breaking The Silence: A Phenomenological Study Of Introverted Undergraduate Students' Experiences In The Active Learning English Classroom, Richard Lee Green

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological study was to describe the experiences of introverted undergraduate students in the active learning English classroom in a community college setting in Florida. Eysenck’s Personality Theory, which provides knowledge about introverts’ preferred method of learning; and Experiential Learning Theory, which presents pertinent information concerning how individuals learn by experience, guided this study. The research questions were as follows: How do introverted undergraduate students describe their experience in an English course structured as an active learning classroom environment (ALC)? How do participants describe the academic atmosphere of the ALC? How do participants describe the effect …


Investigating Employability: Testing The Raw Framework, Daniell Jean Study Dec 2018

Investigating Employability: Testing The Raw Framework, Daniell Jean Study

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

In a recent model of employability, Hogan, Chamorro-Premuzic, and Kaiser (2013) defined employability as the ability to gain and maintain employment and find new employment when necessary. The authors presented employability as a formative construct containing an ability dimension (the ability to do the job), a social skills dimension (being rewarding to work with), and a motivational dimension (being willing to work hard). There is no question as to whether these three dimensions affect one’s level of employability; research is abundant on the positive relationships between intelligence, social and emotional skills, motivation and career success. However, little research has been …


Bumbling In The Dark: The Effect Of The Dark Triad, Online Dating, And Gender On Risky Sexual Behaviors, Rebecca Boudreau Dec 2018

Bumbling In The Dark: The Effect Of The Dark Triad, Online Dating, And Gender On Risky Sexual Behaviors, Rebecca Boudreau

Student Theses

The Dark Triad is used to describe three distinct yet related personality traits: psychopathy, narcissism, and Machiavellianism, which share several characteristics such as manipulation, exploitation, emotional coldness, and lack of empathy. The Dark Triad has been associated with several negative behaviors including infidelity and risky sexual behavior, however most of the current research focuses only on males high on the Dark Triad traits. The present study seeks to expand the literature by studying how the Dark Triad traits and online dating usage relate to the composite score of risky sexual behaviors. Further, we seek to examine if gender moderates this …


The Jefferson Scale Of Empathy: A Nationwide Study Of Measurement Properties, Underlying Components, Latent Variable Structure, And National Norms In Medical Students., Mohammadreza Hojat, Jennifer Desantis, Stephen C. Shannon, Luke H. Mortensen, Mark R. Speicher, Lynn Bragan, Marianna Lanoue, Leonard H. Calabrese Dec 2018

The Jefferson Scale Of Empathy: A Nationwide Study Of Measurement Properties, Underlying Components, Latent Variable Structure, And National Norms In Medical Students., Mohammadreza Hojat, Jennifer Desantis, Stephen C. Shannon, Luke H. Mortensen, Mark R. Speicher, Lynn Bragan, Marianna Lanoue, Leonard H. Calabrese

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

The Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE) is a broadly used instrument developed to measure empathy in the context of health professions education and patient care. Evidence in support of psychometrics of the JSE has been reported in health professions students and practitioners with the exception of osteopathic medical students. This study was designed to examine measurement properties, underlying components, and latent variable structure of the JSE in a nationwide sample of first-year matriculants at U.S. colleges of osteopathic medicine, and to develop a national norm table for the assessment of JSE scores. A web-based survey was administered at the beginning …


Moderating Effects Of Harm Avoidance On Resting State Functional Connectivity Of The Anterior Insula, Ashley A. Huggins, Emily Louise Belleau, Tara A. Miskovich, Walker Scott Pedersen, Christine L. Larson Nov 2018

Moderating Effects Of Harm Avoidance On Resting State Functional Connectivity Of The Anterior Insula, Ashley A. Huggins, Emily Louise Belleau, Tara A. Miskovich, Walker Scott Pedersen, Christine L. Larson

Psychology Faculty Articles

As an index of behavioral inhibition and an individual’s propensity to avoid, rather than seek, potentially dangerous situations, harm avoidance has been linked to internalizing psychopathology. Altered connectivity within intrinsic functional neural networks (i.e., default mode [DMN], central executive [CEN] and salience networks [SN]) has been related to internalizing psychopathology; however, less is known about the effects of harm avoidance on functional connectivity within and between these networks. Importantly, harm avoidance may be distinguishable from trait anxiety and have clinical relevance as a risk factor for internalizing psychopathology. A sample of young adults (n = 99) completed a resting …


The Dreaded Performance Appraisal: Can The Process Ever Be Comfortable?, Lauren Labat Nov 2018

The Dreaded Performance Appraisal: Can The Process Ever Be Comfortable?, Lauren Labat

Dissertations

Previous research has indicated that individuals dislike and resist the performance appraisal process. Fewer studies have examined reasoning for unintentional rating distortion that may result from a lack of training and clear understanding of how to effectively evaluate behaviors. Researchers have shown that the appraisal process is uncomfortable for raters, but empirical studies have yet to explore how to reduce this discomfort. Rater training research has revealed that trained raters have improved observational skills, a more precise vocabulary to describe behaviors, and improved rating accuracy. This research explored the relationship between performance appraisal discomfort and trait motivational factors (i.e., personality …


Personality, Motivation, And The War Between Facebook And Twitter, Elizabeth Shallal Oct 2018

Personality, Motivation, And The War Between Facebook And Twitter, Elizabeth Shallal

Master's Theses

Social networking sites (SNSs) have recently become integrated in modern lives as entertainment, communication, and even careers have become more reliant on them. The current study explored the relationship between Facebook and Twitter attachment and demographic, motivation, and personality traits. Differing psychological relationships may explain why people become more attached to specific SNSs as well as explain their continuance of use. Using online self-report measures, this study measured motivations to use Facebook and Twitter, the Big Five personality traits, and Facebook/Twitter attachment of 109 participants who have been users of both Facebook and Twitter. Results of hierarchical multiple regressions showed …


Personality Types And Learning Styles Of Collegiate Aviation Students, Stephanie Fussell, Andrew R. Dattel, Kadie Mullins Oct 2018

Personality Types And Learning Styles Of Collegiate Aviation Students, Stephanie Fussell, Andrew R. Dattel, Kadie Mullins

Kadie Hayward Mullins

The personality types and learning styles of students have been studied across education populations, yet the research analyzing aviation students is lacking. A replication study assessed the distribution of personality types and learning styles of students enrolled in the aeronautical science baccalaureate degree program at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University (ERAU). The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) Form M and the Kolb Learning Style Inventory (KLSI) were used to analyze the personality types and learning styles, respectively. When compared to the personality type distribution of the traditional college student sample using a selection ratio type table, a significant overrepresentation of the personality type …


Zoo Animal Welfare: The Human Dimension, Justine Cole, David Fraser Oct 2018

Zoo Animal Welfare: The Human Dimension, Justine Cole, David Fraser

Zoo and Aquarium Animal Populations Collection

Standards and policies intended to safeguard nonhuman animal welfare, whether in zoos, farms, or laboratories, have tended to emphasize features of the physical environment. However, research has now made it clear that very different welfare outcomes are commonly seen in facilities using similar environments or conforming to the same animal welfare requirements. This wide variation is almost certainly due, at least in part, to the important effects of the actions of animal care staff on animal welfare. Drawing mostly on the farm animal literature, we propose that this “human dimension” of animal welfare involves seven components: (1) positive human–animal interaction, …


Personality, Psychological Profiling, And Philosophy Of Science: The Insider Threat And Betrayers Of Trust, Ibpp Editor Sep 2018

Personality, Psychological Profiling, And Philosophy Of Science: The Insider Threat And Betrayers Of Trust, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes philosophical challenges to the utility of profiling personality, especially with security and intelligence implications.


Can The Job Characteristics Model Be Used To Attract Applicants? A Policy Capture Model Of Symbolic Attraction, Alec J. Calvo Aug 2018

Can The Job Characteristics Model Be Used To Attract Applicants? A Policy Capture Model Of Symbolic Attraction, Alec J. Calvo

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.


The Role Of Personality In The Development Of Health Disparities During Late-Mid Life, Juliette Mcclendon Iacovino Aug 2018

The Role Of Personality In The Development Of Health Disparities During Late-Mid Life, Juliette Mcclendon Iacovino

Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Objectives: The current study examined race/gender disparities in initial levels and trajectories of self-reported physical and mental health, and health care utilization, as well as the impact of personality and stressful life events on race/gender disparities. We hypothesized that health disparities would remain stable or decrease over time; that at-risk personality traits (e.g., high neuroticism) would have a more robust negative impact on health for black participants; that trust would mediate racial disparities in health; and that personality traits would moderate the association between stressful life events and health trajectories differentially across race/gender. Methods: Analyses utilized the first six waves …


Examining The Different Learning Strategies Between Extroverts And Introverts Among Flight Students At Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, John R. Brooks Aug 2018

Examining The Different Learning Strategies Between Extroverts And Introverts Among Flight Students At Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, John R. Brooks

National Training Aircraft Symposium (NTAS)

Extroverts and introverts have unique approaches to new materials that make learning more efficient. In fields like aviation, where quick learning and responses are required, students struggle because preferred comprehension strategies are not utilized. The research question is whether introverts/extroverts learn better when given the option to approach materials using strategies that match their personality type. A total of twenty-four participants from the Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Flight Program will be chosen and placed into one of two different groups (extrovert/introvert) using a median split. The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire – Revised (EPQ-R) will determine personality trait (introvert or extrovert). All participants …


The Structure Of Psychopathology And Its Relationship To Personality And Eeg, Vincent Rozalski Aug 2018

The Structure Of Psychopathology And Its Relationship To Personality And Eeg, Vincent Rozalski

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The factor structure of psychopathology has been debated in the literature, with studies showing support for several models, including one-, two-, and three-factor solutions. The factor structures often vary as a function of what symptoms and diagnoses are included, and when a wide array of diagnoses are present, a three-factor solution is often found. Personality has been shown to be related to psychopathology and its higher order structures, but there is little research regarding neurobiological associations that take into account the factor structure of psychopathology along with personality. This dissertation examined the factor structure of a wide range of psychopathology, …


The Effects Of Re-Framing And Respondent Personality On Psychometric Outcomes: A Replication And Extension Study, Meghan Joann Babcock Aug 2018

The Effects Of Re-Framing And Respondent Personality On Psychometric Outcomes: A Replication And Extension Study, Meghan Joann Babcock

Psychology Dissertations

The present study investigated the effects of four item characteristics – context, direction, factor, and trait aspect switching – on inter-item correlations and participant misresponse rates for adjacent item pairs within a large set of personality scales. The responses to an online survey from 300 individuals recruited from Amazon’s Mechanical Turk allowed for an investigation of these effects. The results of this study suggested that, across 16 different personality scales, adjacent item pairs that: (1) required higher levels context switching, (2) represented different factors, or (3) differed in trait aspect predicted both lower inter-item correlations and a greater percentage of …


Dr. Jekyll Or Mr. Hyde? President Donald Trump’S Personality Profile As Perceived From Different Political Viewpoints, W. Keith Campbell, Courtland S. Hyatt, Donald R. Lynam, Joshua D. Miller Jul 2018

Dr. Jekyll Or Mr. Hyde? President Donald Trump’S Personality Profile As Perceived From Different Political Viewpoints, W. Keith Campbell, Courtland S. Hyatt, Donald R. Lynam, Joshua D. Miller

Department of Psychological Sciences Faculty Publications

The present research used an empirical, crowdsourced trait profiling approach to describe the personality of Trump that accounts for political views. Clinton (N=120) and Trump (N=118) voters rated Trump’s personality on the 30 facets of the Five Factor Model. Participants also provided perceived helpfulness and harmfulness ratings of the facets before and after the election. We treated these facet level ratings as trait profiles, which were transformed into estimates of personality disorders (PDs) and complex trait-based constructs based on expert profiles. Results suggest only modest agreement between Clinton and Trump voters on Trump’s personality. Clinton voters perceived much greater antagonism, …


Personality, Technology, And Learning, Andrew Guydish Jun 2018

Personality, Technology, And Learning, Andrew Guydish

Master's Theses

Computers continued encroachment on today’s society can be seen in a college lecture hall, where a growing number of students use laptops for their academic needs. Current academic laptop use research predominantly makes broad generalizations across users, indicating that laptop use in the classroom has negative influences on academic outcomes. However, this research neglects to take into account possible individual differences in the users. It is hypothesized that students' levels of conscientiousness and impulsivity would moderate the relationship between laptop use and academic performance, while a student’s multitasking experience would mediate this same relationship, forming a moderated mediation model. Using …


Development Of The Cybersecurity Attitudes Scale And Modeling Cybersecurity Behavior And Its Antecedents, David J. Howard Jun 2018

Development Of The Cybersecurity Attitudes Scale And Modeling Cybersecurity Behavior And Its Antecedents, David J. Howard

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

As organizations have become more reliant on computers and technology to operate in a globalized world, they have also become more vulnerable to cyberattacks on their networks. The expense to organizations from cyberattacks now exceeds $400 billion USD annually. These costs highlight the need for behavioral research in the cyber domain. The first phase of this research developed an instrument to measure workers’ cybersecurity attitudes. An iterative process resulted in a scale with good psychometric properties - The Cybersecurity Attitudes Scale. The scale measures two factors: cyber policy adherence attitudes and perceived vulnerability to a cyberattack. The second phase of …


Personality Types And Learning Styles Of Collegiate Aviation Students, Stephanie Fussell, Andrew R. Dattel, Kadie Mullins Jun 2018

Personality Types And Learning Styles Of Collegiate Aviation Students, Stephanie Fussell, Andrew R. Dattel, Kadie Mullins

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

The personality types and learning styles of students have been studied across education populations, yet the research analyzing aviation students is lacking. A replication study assessed the distribution of personality types and learning styles of students enrolled in the aeronautical science baccalaureate degree program at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University (ERAU). The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) Form M and the Kolb Learning Style Inventory (KLSI) were used to analyze the personality types and learning styles, respectively. When compared to the personality type distribution of the traditional college student sample using a selection ratio type table, a significant overrepresentation of the personality type …


Books As Medicine: A History Of The Use Of Reading To Treat The Self And Its Diseases In The Anglophone World, 1800-1940, Mary Mahoney May 2018

Books As Medicine: A History Of The Use Of Reading To Treat The Self And Its Diseases In The Anglophone World, 1800-1940, Mary Mahoney

Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation examines the history of the idea that books can serve as medicine. Focusing on the Anglophone world from 1800 to 1940, it traces the emergence of what became known as “bibliotherapy.” Readers have long conceived of their reading as therapeutic, but this dissertation examines the moment when experts inserted themselves between reader and book in the name of health and debated what books could treat, which books made the best medicine, and who should decide. Through a series of case studies, this dissertation explores the use of therapeutic reading to treat diseases of imagination in nineteenth-century asylums, the …


Three Personality Traits Of Deaf Scientists: Openness, Extraversion, And - Uniquely - Agreeableness, Megan Majocha May 2018

Three Personality Traits Of Deaf Scientists: Openness, Extraversion, And - Uniquely - Agreeableness, Megan Majocha

Undergraduate University Honors Capstones

A common observation in higher education is that most deaf undergraduate students majoring in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) do not continue on to STEM careers. A smaller pool of deaf individuals persists in STEM and succeed in becoming scientists. Various reasons may explain this observation, one of which may involve personality traits. Certain personality traits have been found in scientists in the general population that differ from the general population: scientists have greater extraversion, conscientiousness, and openness on the Big Five Inventory (BFI) However, no study has focused on personality traits in deaf scientists. This study sought to …


An Investigation Of Personality Traits As Predictors For Mobile Phone Dependency, Elijah Phillips May 2018

An Investigation Of Personality Traits As Predictors For Mobile Phone Dependency, Elijah Phillips

Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019

This study sought to determine if certain personality traits are correlates of mobile phone dependency, motivations for purchasing a mobile phone, and reasons for commonly using a cell phone. The impact of mobile phones on human day-to-day living and the interplay between cellular devices and human behavior have been topics of ongoing research. Through these investigatory efforts, numerous potential harms of mobile phone overuse and abuse have recently become increasingly apparent, but very little research has generated conclusive results about the interaction between human persona and mobile dependency. This was a cross-sectional study of a quasi-randomized sample of undergraduate students …


Impact Of Situational Factors On Attention To Detail, Catherine S. Hoepner May 2018

Impact Of Situational Factors On Attention To Detail, Catherine S. Hoepner

Culminating Projects in Psychology

The present study examined the ensuing person-situation debate. The independent variables included situational strength (strong verses weak), conscientiousness, and attention to detail. The dependent variable was performance on two different tasks, where good performance required high levels of thorough and focused behavior. This study sought to test the hypothesis that in strong situations there would be more uniform behaviors (less influence of personality) then in weak situations. It also examined the hypothesis that in a weak situation, narrow traits would be a stronger predictor of tasks performance than broad traits, but in a strong situation, there would not be a …


Personality In California Sea Lions (Zalophus Californianus) And Harbor Seals (Phoca Vitulina): Methodological Convergence And Species-Specific Emotional Repertoires, Amber De Vere May 2018

Personality In California Sea Lions (Zalophus Californianus) And Harbor Seals (Phoca Vitulina): Methodological Convergence And Species-Specific Emotional Repertoires, Amber De Vere

Dissertations

Despite the wide acceptance of animal personality as a valid area of study, research on marine mammal personality remains remarkably scarce. What literature does exist predominantly focuses on bottlenose dolphins (Frick, 2016; Highfill & Kuczaj, 2007; Kuczaj, Highfill & Byerly, 2012; Lilley, de Vere, Yeatre & Kuczaj, 2018; Moreno, Highfill & Kuczaj, 2017). There is also strong evidence for individual differences in grey seals (Robinson et al., 2015; Twiss & Franklin, 2010; Twiss, Culloch & Pomeroy, 2011; Twiss, Cairns, Culloch, Richards & Pomeroy, 2012), and preliminary research has provided evidence of broad personality factors in pinniped species using behavioral coding …


Leadership Ineffectiveness: The Interactive Effects Of Leader Personality, Job Demands, And Job Resources On Ethical Climate And Employee Turnover Intentions, Michelle D. Corman May 2018

Leadership Ineffectiveness: The Interactive Effects Of Leader Personality, Job Demands, And Job Resources On Ethical Climate And Employee Turnover Intentions, Michelle D. Corman

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Goals of the present research were to demonstrate that: (a) leadership personality is related to employee perceptions of the organization’s ethical climate; (b) leader job stress moderates this relationship for certain personality attributes; and (c) such leader-associated ethical climate, in turn, is related to employee turnover intentions and ultimate turnover (see Figure 1). Specifically, I investigated how individual differences in certain leadership “dark side” traits interact with leader job stress to influence the perceived ethical climate of their employees, to ultimately impact employee turnover intentions and turnover. Another goal of this research was to make unique predictions for the leadership …