Digital Commons Network^™

Jus Post Bellum: Just War Theory And The Principles Of Just Peace, Robert Williams, Dan Caldwell

Dan Caldwell

What happens following a war is important to the moral judgments we make concerning warfare, just as the intentions going in and the means used are. There has, however, been inadequate attention paid to considerations of jus post bellum in the just war tradition. This essay seeks to contribute to recent efforts to develop jus post bellum principles by first noting some of the ways that jus ad bellum and jus in bello considerations serve to constrain what can legitimately be done after war. We argue, however, that the constraints grounded in traditional just war theory do not offer sufficient …

Rejecting Politics Of Injury, Ananya Vajpeyi

Ananya Vajpeyi

No abstract provided.

The Knowledge Debate Reopened, Ananya Vajpeyi

Ananya Vajpeyi

No abstract provided.

European Integration And International Relations Theory, Engin Erdem

ENGIN I ERDEM Dr.

One of the most significant developments in the twenty-century world politics has been the foundation of European Community (EC), and its evolution into the European Union (EU). Now, the EU is a supranational entity that is composed of twenty-five member states while it will be twenty-seven with the membership of Bulgaria and Romania in January 2007. The EU poses great challenges for both the policy and academic world. On one hand, the EU has become a powerful international actor in the current international politics. On the other hand, the academic world needs to explain the genesis and development of European …

Social Capital And Inequality In Latin America, Hector Faya

Hector Faya

No abstract provided.

Reformas Económicas Y Consolidación Democrática En América Latina. 1980-2006, Flavia Freidenberg, Manuel Alcántara, Ludolfo Paramio, José Déniz

Flavia Freidenberg

No abstract provided.

International Trade In The San Bernardino Region: Transportation, Trends, And Employment, Mirya R. Holman, Travis Coan

Mirya R Holman

International trade presents significant employment, growth, and revenue opportunities for the San Bernardino region, which encompasses San Bernardino County and several cities in Riverside County and is located to the immediate east of Los Angeles County. Proximity to the San Pedro Bay Port complex (which includes the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach) and access to a transportation and logistics network expanding out across the U.S., makes the San Bernardino region a prime location for companies participating in international trade activity. The purpose of this report is to quantify trade activity in the region, while also estimating the employment …

Lobbying Bureaucrats, Sven Feldmann, Morten Bennedsen

Sven Feldmann

We study how interest group lobbying of the bureaucracy affects policy outcomes and how it changes the legislature's willingness to delegate decision-making authority to the bureaucracy. We extend the standard model of delegation to account for interest group influence during the implementation stage of policy. We analyze how the decision to delegate changes when the bureaucratic agent is subject to external influence. The optimal degree of delegation as well as the extent to which interest groups influence policy outcomes differ depending on whether the system of government is characterized by unified or divided control. The result is a comparative theory …

Civic Responsibility And Patterns Of Voluntary Participation Around The World, Mary Alice Haddad

Mary Alice Haddad

This article seeks to explain why different types of volunteer organizations are prevalent in different countries. It hypothesizes that patterns of volunteer participation are a function of citizen attitudes toward governmental and individual responsibility for caring for society. Those countries (e.g., Japan)—where citizens think that governments should be responsible for dealing with social problems—will tend to have higher participation in embedded volunteer organizations, such as parent-teacher associations. Those countries (e.g., the United States)—where citizens think that individuals should take responsibility for dealing with social problems—will tend to have more participation in nonembedded, organizations, such as Greenpeace. These hypotheses are tested …

The Eu Challenge: A View From The Turkish Grand National Assembly, Neophytos Loizides, Elif Ersin

Neophytos Loizides

No abstract provided.

Religião, Direitos Humanos E Educação, Paulo Ferreira Da Cunha

Paulo Ferreira da Cunha

Não admira que haja atritos, incompreensões, entre as religiões e os poderes. Porque, antes de mais, foi preciso a uns e a outros comprimirem-se para darem lugar (espaço, mesmo) ao outro tipo de normatividade e de poder. Em muitos casos históricos se terá começado com um poder de índole teocrática. E só com o tempo e o progresso social e político se passaria a admitir a cisão do mando, num ramo secular e num ramo sacral. O grande problema do tratamento da questão religiosa do ponto de vista dos Direitos Humanos, é que se trata, no limite, de pôr uma …

Neoliberalism, Institutional Change And The Welfare State: The Case Of Britain And France, Basak Kus

BASAK KUS

No abstract provided.

The Private Military Firm—Subcontracting Sovereignty: The Commodification Of Military Force And The Fragmentation Of The State’S Authority, Jackson N. Maogoto

Jackson Nyamuya Maogoto

This Article has as its central theme the decentralization of the state’s control over legitimate military force with the consequential diffusion of governmental control that stands to fragment state sovereignty. It argues that the increasing centrality of Private Military Firms (PMFs) to the prosecution of war is creating a changed national security landscape with PMFs increasingly influencing governmental policy both overtly and covertly.

Medeniyetler İttifakı Ve Akp, Ali Balci

Ali Balci

No abstract provided.

Justice And Justification In The War On Terrorism, Emma Norman

Emma R. Norman

This paper offers a few preliminary reflections on some ethical implications stemming from the disconnect between the moral rhetoric and the reality of the War on Terrorism. I suggest that the Bush Administration certainly shares a large part of the responsibility for constantly attempting to justify a war that, by the standards of traditional just war theory, is almost impossible to see as just. However, I also suggest that part of the responsibility lies with a public that demands high ethical standards of its public officials, but appears to be ultimately unprepared to face the full consequences of acting ethically …

The Partisan Presidency, Richard M. Skinner

Richard M. Skinner

Political scientists have tended to see the powerful presidency of the 20th and the 21st centuries as being the enemy of strong political parties. But over the past quarter century, presidents – most notably Ronald Reagan and George W. Bush – have been following a more partisan path. They have been relying on their parties more for support, both in Congress and in the electorate, seeking greater partisan control over the executive branch, and even using the media more to mobilize the base than to reach swing voters. We need to move beyond outdated notions of presidents above party politics …

Judicial Selection, Appointments Gridlock, And The Nuclear Option, David S. Law, Lawrence B. Solum

David S. Law

In this paper, we employ simple formal models drawn from political science to explain the occurrence of gridlock in the federal judicial selection process, and to explore the implications of the nuclear option, by which a bare majority of senators employs parliamentary tactics to abolish the filibuster with respect to judicial nominations. Our application of a pivotal politics model leads us to reject the notion that appointments gridlock is a straightforward consequence of divided government. Instead, meaningful changes to the ideological balance of the federal bench require a more demanding ideological alignment of multiple veto players relative to the status …

Surprising Trends In Land Invasions In Metropolitan Lima And Quito, Paul Dosh

Paul Dosh

No abstract provided.

Jus Post Bellum: Just War Theory And The Principles Of Just Peace, Robert Williams, Dan Caldwell

Robert E. Williams Jr.

What happens following a war is important to the moral judgments we make concerning warfare, just as the intentions going in and the means used are. There has, however, been inadequate attention paid to considerations of jus post bellum in the just war tradition. This essay seeks to contribute to recent efforts to develop jus post bellum principles by first noting some of the ways that jus ad bellum and jus in bello considerations serve to constrain what can legitimately be done after war. We argue, however, that the constraints grounded in traditional just war theory do not offer sufficient …

On Homo-Diplomacy, Costas M. Constantinou

Costas M. Constantinou

Die Uno Steckt In Einer Doppelkrise, Beat Habegger

Beat Habegger

No abstract provided.

The Balkan Bullet With Butterfly Wings, Dylan Kissane

Dylan Kissane

In physics, biology and meteorology, scientists have come to understand that the natural systems they study can be extremely sensitive to small events. The so-called ‘butterfly effect’ is testament to such seemingly insignificant events having significant implications for the wider system. Such knowledge has led to an interest in the natural sciences in both chaotic and complex systems and, in turn, has led to social scientists searching for parallels in the systems they examine. However, within the field of international relations theory, there has been little attempt to move towards such new understandings and away from a fundamental belief in …

The Illusion Of Anarchy: Chaos, Complexity And The Origins Of World War One, Dylan Kissane

Dylan Kissane

In physics, biology and meteorology, scientists have come to understand that the natural systems they study can be extremely sensitive to small events. The so-called ‘butterfly effect’ is testament to such seemingly insignificant events having significant implications for the wider system. Such knowledge has led to an interest in the natural sciences in both chaotic and complex systems and, in turn, has led to social scientists searching for parallels in the systems they examine. However, within the field of international relations theory, there has been little attempt to move towards such new understandings and away from a fundamental belief in …

Sunlight As The Best Disinfectant: Campaign Finance In Australia, Kenneth R. Mayer

Kenneth R Mayer

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Incentive Design In Parliamentarian Anti-Corruption Programmes, Bryane Michael

Bryane Michael (bryane.michael@stcatz.ox.ac.uk)

What incentive do parliamentarians have to implement anti-corruption recommendations made by organisations such as the Inter-Parliamentary Union? This paper discusses how national anti-corruption programmes can be designed to be politically palatable to MPs.

Mujeres Y Trabajo: La Participación De La Mujer En La Fuerza Laboral De La Frontera Texas-México, Irasema Coronado, Christine Thurlow Brenner

Irasema Coronado

No abstract provided.

Learning To Work: Colonialism As Rule, Not Exception, Mindy Peden

Mindy Peden

No abstract provided.

From The Suburbs To The House: The Metropolitan-Rural Population Shift And The Success Of Women Candidates, Elizabeth Stiles, Larry Schwab

Elizabeth A. Stiles

No abstract provided.

Eritrea: Challenges And Crises Of A New State, Assefaw Bariagaber

Assefaw Bariagaber

No abstract provided.

Who Exploits Who?, Karl Widerquist

Karl Widerquist

No abstract provided.