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Identifying Important Explanatory Variables For Time-Varying Outcomes., Oliver Bembom, Maya L. Petersen, Mark J. Van Der Laan
Identifying Important Explanatory Variables For Time-Varying Outcomes., Oliver Bembom, Maya L. Petersen, Mark J. Van Der Laan
Maya Petersen
This chapter describes a systematic and targeted approach for estimating the impact of each of a large number of baseline covariates on an outcome that is measured repeatedly over time. These variable importance estimates can be adjusted for a user-specified set of confounders and lend themselves in a straightforward way to obtaining confidence intervals and p-values. Hence, they can in particular be used to identify a subset of baseline covariates that are the most important explanatory variables for the time-varying outcome of interest. We illustrate the methodology in a data analysis aimed at finding mutations of the human immunodeficiency virus …
Assessing The Effectiveness Of Antiretroviral Adherence Interventions: Using Marginal Structural Models To Replicate The Findings Of Randomized Controlled Trials., Maya L. Petersen, Yue Wang, Mark J. Van Der Laan, David R. Bangsberg
Assessing The Effectiveness Of Antiretroviral Adherence Interventions: Using Marginal Structural Models To Replicate The Findings Of Randomized Controlled Trials., Maya L. Petersen, Yue Wang, Mark J. Van Der Laan, David R. Bangsberg
Maya Petersen
Randomized controlled trials of interventions to improve adherence to antiretroviral medications are not always feasible. Marginal Structural Models (MSM) are a statistical methodology that aims to replicate the findings of randomized controlled trials using observational data. Under the assumption of no unmeasured confounders, three MSM estimators are available to estimate the causal effect of an intervention. Two of these estimators, G-computation and Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighted, can be implemented using standard software. G-computation relies on fitting a multivariable regression of adherence on the intervention and confounders. Thus, it is related to the standard multivariable regression approach to estimating causal …
Revisiting The Ethics Of Hiv Prevention Research In Developing Countries, Charles Weijer, Guy Leblanc
Revisiting The Ethics Of Hiv Prevention Research In Developing Countries, Charles Weijer, Guy Leblanc
Charles Weijer
Issues: We present key aspects of our paper, commissioned by UNAIDS in 2005, entitled, “Revisiting the ethics of HIV prevention research in developing countries.” In 2004 and 2005 we witnessed the closure or suspension of three international clinical trials testing tenofovir in the prevention of HIV infection in high risk groups due to the failure to provide free treatment to those who seroconvert during the conduct of the study. We examine critically moral claims for the provision of treatment to those who seroconvert in HIV prevention trials and ask whether it is a matter of moral obligation or moral negotiation? …
Predictors Of Quality Of Life In Hiv-Infected Rural Women: Psychometric Test Of The Chronic Illness Quality Of Life Ladder, C. Murdaugh, L. Moneyham, K. Jackson, Kenneth D. Phillips, A. Tavakoli
Predictors Of Quality Of Life In Hiv-Infected Rural Women: Psychometric Test Of The Chronic Illness Quality Of Life Ladder, C. Murdaugh, L. Moneyham, K. Jackson, Kenneth D. Phillips, A. Tavakoli
Kenneth D. Phillips
The Chronic Illness Quality of Life Ladder (CIQOLL) underwent psychometric testing in a sample of 278 women with HIV disease. The CIQOLL, a self-anchoring striving scale based on Cantril’s Ladder, measures seven domains (physical , emotional, financial, family and friends, spiritual well-being, peace of mind, and overall life satisfaction) across four time periods (present, past, future, life without a diagnosis of HIV). The domains were derived from focus groups with persons with HIV disease. Women with a diagnosis of HIV Infection, age 18 or older, residing in rural areas in the southeastern United States, completed questionnaires that measured physical functioning, …
“You’Re Awfully Old To Have This Disease”: Experiences Of Stigma And Ageism In Adults 50 Years An Older Living With Hiv/Aids., Charles A. Emlet
“You’Re Awfully Old To Have This Disease”: Experiences Of Stigma And Ageism In Adults 50 Years An Older Living With Hiv/Aids., Charles A. Emlet
Charles Emlet
No abstract provided.