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2003

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Visual Framing: A Study In Face-Ism From The Websites For The 108th United States Congress., Beth Johnson Anderson Dec 2003

Visual Framing: A Study In Face-Ism From The Websites For The 108th United States Congress., Beth Johnson Anderson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Websites are being used by increasing numbers to target a market with a message unfiltered by the media. This content analysis examined the website front-screens for the members of the 108th United States Congress to determine if the photographic images displayed reinforced the media's stereotypical frame of female politicians. A total of 3,892 photographic images were captured from 540 websites and coded using the face-ism index. Overall, the results supported the face-ism theory. Images of females were cropped lower on their bodies than images of males. The face-ism effect was not supported until the number of people in the photograph …

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Voices Raised, Issue 02, University Of Dayton. Women's Center Dec 2003

Voices Raised, Issue 02, University Of Dayton. Women's Center

Women’s Center Newsletter

Included in this issue: 25 years dedicated to advancing gender equity; Mentoring gets a positive start; Ways to keep cool under stress; Charism 101; POP celebrates 10 years; Social Justice; Women in science and math band together; We all have a stake in diversity at UD.

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A Comprehensive Analysis Of Sex And Race Inequities In Unemployment Insurance Benefits, Melissa Latimer Dec 2003

A Comprehensive Analysis Of Sex And Race Inequities In Unemployment Insurance Benefits, Melissa Latimer

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This research makes a unique contribution to the growing body of literature on the welfare system by examining the relationship between sex, race, and social insurance benefits in a rural state. Using data from the West Virginia Unemployment Compensation Program, this research investigates sex and race differences in (1) monetary disqualifications for unemployment insurance (UI) benefits and (2) separation issue and nonseparation issue disqualifications of UI benefits. The analyses indicate that unemployed women, people of color, younger, and low income workers are the most likely to fail the monetary qualifications for UI benefits and to lose qualified weeks of UI …

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Gender Differences In Accurate Route Recall In Novice Drivers Using Landmarks In Electronic Maps, Kimberly K. Brantley Dec 2003

Gender Differences In Accurate Route Recall In Novice Drivers Using Landmarks In Electronic Maps, Kimberly K. Brantley

Master's Theses - Daytona Beach

Past literature has found a link between gender and accuracy of route recall in traditional paper maps using landmarks. Research also suggests that what is already known about wayfinding behavior in the physical world can be applied to computer-generated environments. The goal of this study is to merge these two conclusions to determine if gender and route recall differences remain constant for global, electronic maps. Analysis of gender by accuracy as measured by number of trials showed that males required fewer trials (M = 3.63) than females (M = 4.09), F (1,99) = 7.29, p < .05 and accuracy as measured by number of errors in trial 1 also showed that males had fewer errors (M = 3.33) than females (M = 4.09), F (1,99) = 5.79, p < .05. Analysis of landmarks by accuracy as measured by number of trials showed participants viewing Landmark High Maps required fewer trials (M = 3.64) than those viewing Landmark Low Maps (M = 4.12), F (1,99) = 7.68, p < .05. Accuracy as measured by number of errors in trial 1 showed participants viewing Landmark High Maps had fewer errors in trial 1 (M = 3.16) than those viewing Landmark Low Maps (M = 4.33), F (1,99) = 11.87.

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"Insolent And Contemptuous Carriages": Re-Conceptualizing Illegitimacy In Colonial British America, John Watkins Nov 2003

"Insolent And Contemptuous Carriages": Re-Conceptualizing Illegitimacy In Colonial British America, John Watkins

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This Master's thesis investigates one particular aspect of sexuality in colonial Anglo America--the products of non-marital intercourse. Earlier historical research emphasized the importance of economic considerations in the creation of bastardy laws and the prosecution and punishment for violators of these statutes. Undoubtedly, financial anxieties were a major concern in out-of-wedlock births, but they were only one concern of many. Class, race, and gender dynamics were prominent in colonists' conceptualization of illegitimacy and largely defined who was at risk for having an "insolent and contemptuous carriage" and the resulting punishment for the debauched act. Elite, white officials made women, servants, …

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Homosocial, Homoerotic, Bisexual, And Androgynous Bonds In Shakespeare’S Comedies, Klarisa Sokolovic-Cizmek Nov 2003

Homosocial, Homoerotic, Bisexual, And Androgynous Bonds In Shakespeare’S Comedies, Klarisa Sokolovic-Cizmek

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

In the thesis I inquire into the nature of the same-sex bonds in Shakespeare’s comedies. I discuss seven pairs of characters and demonstrate how in his comedies, Shakespeare first created homosocial relationships, later homoerotic relationships, then bisexual relationships, and, finally, a couple that may be described as androgynous. I demonstrate that in the early comedies the relationships are primarily homosocial and serve the purpose of self-realization. The self-realization includes reaching of a balance between a “feminine,” and a “masculine” self, with the goal of becoming a mature, androgynous human being. Although there are some homoerotic undercurrents in both the male …

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"Real Men" Curriculum, Jessie Daniels, Ronald Shuler, Nina Aledort, Nicholas Freudenberg Oct 2003

"Real Men" Curriculum, Jessie Daniels, Ronald Shuler, Nina Aledort, Nicholas Freudenberg

Open Educational Resources

This is the curriculum for a program known as "REAL MEN," an acronym for "Returning Educated African American and Latino Men to Enriched Neighborhoods." A collaborative effort, the REAL MEN program was a public health intervention based at Rikers Island and at a community-based organization, Friends of Island Academy, for young men, ages 15-19, who were leaving jail and returning to their home communities. The curriculum for this program was designed to reduce drug use, HIV risk, and rearrest by helping participants examine alternative paths to manhood and consider racial/ethnic pride as a source of strength.

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Voices Raised, Issue 01, University Of Dayton. Women's Center Oct 2003

Voices Raised, Issue 01, University Of Dayton. Women's Center

Women’s Center Newsletter

Included in this issue: National Breast Cancer Awareness Month; The Clothesline Project; Mentoring Program; Graffiti: The Reality of Discrimination; The world judges before it understands; Are You a Feminist?

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Sex Discrimination In The Nineties, Seventies Style: Case Studies In The Preservation Of Male Workplace Norms, Michael L. Selmi Sep 2003

Sex Discrimination In The Nineties, Seventies Style: Case Studies In The Preservation Of Male Workplace Norms, Michael L. Selmi

ExpressO

This article analyzes a series of class action employment discrimination cases that have arisen in the last decade to challenge persistent sex discrimination against women. These cases have targetted the practices in the securities and grocery industries, and include a series of sexual harassment class action claims. These cases pose a challenge to the consensual view that sex discrimination is now perpetuated through subtle practices, and instead highlight the continuing ways in which male norms are preserved in the workplace through intentional acts of hostility and exclusion.

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Homophobia: An Autoethnographic Story, Shamla Mclaurin Sep 2003

Homophobia: An Autoethnographic Story, Shamla Mclaurin

The Qualitative Report

This article is an autoethnographic account of one person’s struggle with homophobia. It chronicles the experiences and internal battle of the author as she struggles to understand and be accepting of homosexuality. The author identifies and discusses messages received, in early childhood and adulthood, as it relates to homosexuality and gender. These messages encompass religious ideology, as well as family and community beliefs toward gay/lesbian individuals.

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A Content Analysis Of The Portrayal Of Men In Advertising: Gentlemen's Quarterly 1985-2000, Maryrose Mason Aug 2003

A Content Analysis Of The Portrayal Of Men In Advertising: Gentlemen's Quarterly 1985-2000, Maryrose Mason

Theses

This thesis examines images of men and the products they promote in Gentleman 's Quarterly (GQ) magazine using the symbolic interaction theory of gender display developed by Erving Goffman in his monograph Gender Advertisements (1979). The study examines advertising images for evidence of sexual objectification of men, and reports on the extent different product types use gender displays to attract a male target market. 332 advertising images appearing in GQ from 1985 to 2000 were coded in ten categories of ritual display: setting, image position, image dominance, skin exposure, body portrayal, self-touch, gaze, and product type. The study concludes that …

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Corporate And Individual Influences On Managers' Social Orientation, Joachim W. Marz, Thomas L. Powers, Thomas Queisser Aug 2003

Corporate And Individual Influences On Managers' Social Orientation, Joachim W. Marz, Thomas L. Powers, Thomas Queisser

WCBT Faculty Publications

This paper reports research on the influence of corporate and individual characteristics on managers' social orientation in Germany. The results indicate that mid-level managers expressed a significantly lower social orientation than low-level managers, and that job activity did not impact social orientation. Female respondents expressed a higher social orientation than male respondents. No impact of the political system origin (former East Germany versus former West Germany) on social orientation was shown. Overall, corporate position had a significantly higher impact on social orientation than did the characteristics of the individuals surveyed.

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The Self Is Not Gendered: Sulabha's Debate With King Janaka, Ruth Vanita Jul 2003

The Self Is Not Gendered: Sulabha's Debate With King Janaka, Ruth Vanita

Global Humanities and Religions Faculty Publications

This essay highlights the debate on women and gender in ancient Indian texts. Neither the popular nor the scholarly debate in modern India has paid sufficient attention to unmarried learned women in ancient Hindu texts. I examine the recurrent figure of Sulabha, a single woman and an intellectual-renunciant; I focus on her debate with philosopher-king Janaka in the epic Mahabharata. When Janaka uses anti-women arguments to critique Sulabha’s unconventional behavior, Sulabha successfully establishes, on the basis of Hindu philosophical principles, that there is no essential difference between a man and a woman; she also demonstrates by her own example that …

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Willa Cather's Reluctant New Woman Pioneer, Reginald Dyck Jul 2003

Willa Cather's Reluctant New Woman Pioneer, Reginald Dyck

Great Plains Quarterly

In 1913 Willa Cather created a female protagonist who is single, independent, entrepreneurial, managerial, strong willed, wealthy and in love with the land of south-central Nebraska. This character offered a new vision for women at the turn of the twentieth century. Cather's fictional construction of gender, as well as her own experience, embody the contradictions present in the roles society offered women. One can read O Pioneers! as a cultural seismometer, one that picks up tremors along various social fault lines and then expresses them within a particular framework held by many people of her economic and social position. This …

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Economic Factors In Intimate Partner Conflict And Violence, Shannon Collier-Tenison Jul 2003

Economic Factors In Intimate Partner Conflict And Violence, Shannon Collier-Tenison

Center for Social Development Research

Based on a secondary analysis of married female respondents (n=3191) to the National Survey of Families and Households, Wave II (NSFH2), this research explores the effects of economic factors and race on intimate partner violence and conflict. Findings from OLS and logistic regression analyses are presented, along with implications for social work practice.

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Gender Differences In Borderline Personality Disorder: Findings From The Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study, Dawn M. Johnson, M. Tracie Shea, Shirley Yen, Cynthia L. Battle, Caron Zlotnick, Charles A. Sanislow, Carlos M. Grilo, Andrew E. Skodol, Donna S. Bender, Thomas H. Mcglashan, John G. Gunderson, Mary C. Zanarini Jun 2003

Gender Differences In Borderline Personality Disorder: Findings From The Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study, Dawn M. Johnson, M. Tracie Shea, Shirley Yen, Cynthia L. Battle, Caron Zlotnick, Charles A. Sanislow, Carlos M. Grilo, Andrew E. Skodol, Donna S. Bender, Thomas H. Mcglashan, John G. Gunderson, Mary C. Zanarini

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

A majority of the literature on borderline personality disorder (BPD) focuses on its occurrence in women or does not specifically assess for gender differences in clinical presentations. Some studies report that men with BPD may be more likely to be diagnosed with substance use disorders, as well as paranoid, passive-aggressive, narcissistic, sadistic, and antisocial personality disorders (PDs). Additionally, women with BPD appear to be more likely to report histories of adult physical and sexual abuse and to meet diagnostic criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and eating disorders. The purpose of the present study was to further examine gender differences …

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Job Satisfaction, Leadership Styles, And Teaching Practices Among Cnmi Public Elementary School Teachers, Charles J. Algaier Edd Jun 2003

Job Satisfaction, Leadership Styles, And Teaching Practices Among Cnmi Public Elementary School Teachers, Charles J. Algaier Edd

Dissertations

This study investigated whether teacher leadership styles and teaching practices influenced teacher job satisfaction among public elementary school teachers in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. The study answered the following questions: (1) what is the level of job satisfaction among public elementary school teachers in the CNMI; (2) to what extent do CNMI teachers fall into the personal leadership style categories of transactional or transformational; (3) to what extent do CNMI public school teachers prefer either didactic or constructivist teaching practices; (4) to what extent do demographic factors, preferred leadership styles, and preferred teaching practices affect the degree …

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Restaging Hysteria: Mary Wigman As Writer And Dancer , Laura A. Mclary Jun 2003

Restaging Hysteria: Mary Wigman As Writer And Dancer , Laura A. Mclary

Studies in 20th & 21st Century Literature

Mary Wigman was not only a leading proponent of the early twentieth-century Expressionist dance movement, but also a writer of poetry and short poetic prose. Despite her assertion that dance was beyond language, she wrote often about dance in an attempt to articulate the kinesthetic experience of dance through languages. This interdisciplinary study explores the intersection of dance and writing for Wigman, focusing on gender coding in writing and dance within the context of early twentieth-century dialogues. Despite the pervasive equation of (feminine) hysteria with dance and (masculine) subjectivity with authorship, Wigman engaged in both activities. I argue that Wigman …

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Desire Across Boundaries: Marriage And Sexuality In A Transnational And Global Context, Mustafa Abdalla Jun 2003

Desire Across Boundaries: Marriage And Sexuality In A Transnational And Global Context, Mustafa Abdalla

Archived Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

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Surreal And Canny Selves: Photographic Figures In Claude Cahun , Gayle Zachmann Jun 2003

Surreal And Canny Selves: Photographic Figures In Claude Cahun , Gayle Zachmann

Studies in 20th & 21st Century Literature

In her 1975 essay, Le Rire de la méduse, Hélène Cixous enthusiastically announced that it was high time for women to enter into discourse. A full half-century earlier, Claude Cahun (1894-1954), a powerful writer and a haunting photographer and artist, was already inscribing herself, Woman, and a woman's voice in visual and verbal self-portraits, photomontages, prose texts, poetry, and aesthetic and political treatises. Cahun's uncanny interventions in both verbal and visual discourse cannily interrogate conventions of literary and pictorial representation and the constructions of self, gender and culture that they exhibit. Insistently asking readers and spectators, "What's wrong with …

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Young Women And Urbanization - Trying To Cope In Crowded Cities, Matilda Arvidsson, Lucia Kiwala May 2003

Young Women And Urbanization - Trying To Cope In Crowded Cities, Matilda Arvidsson, Lucia Kiwala

Dr Matilda Arvidsson

The article pins down problems of urbanization, poverty, and youth at risk, focusing on the situation of young women in African slums.

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Expected Happiness, Love, And Longevity Of Marriage: Effects Of Wedding Type Preference, Gender, And Location Of The Wedding Ceremony., Karen Sue Rudd May 2003

Expected Happiness, Love, And Longevity Of Marriage: Effects Of Wedding Type Preference, Gender, And Location Of The Wedding Ceremony., Karen Sue Rudd

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Gender and wedding type preference affect views of those who get married in a courthouse as opposed to a church. The participants for this study consisted of 198 unmarried, undergraduate students that planned to marry someday. Participants responded to a wedding location scenario then completed a wedding type preference questionnaire, the Life Orientation Test Revised, and a demographics questionnaire. Results revealed that group 1 (participants who were high on traditional wedding preference and received the scenario of courthouse wedding ceremony), rated the hypothetical couple as having a higher chance of being happy after 25 years of marriage and being more …

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Research Proposal: Gender Differences Concerning Thoughts On Love Attitudes And Romance, Sarah E. Brady May 2003

Research Proposal: Gender Differences Concerning Thoughts On Love Attitudes And Romance, Sarah E. Brady

Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal

Which gender has more romantic views on love? Oftentimes, women think of their sex as the more romantic gender and complain that their partners are not romantic enough. Yet, is this truly the case?

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Relative Participation Of Men And Women In Paid And Unpaid Work: An Analysis Of Variations By Individual, Family And Community Characteristics, Roderic Beaujot, Zenaida R. Ravanera May 2003

Relative Participation Of Men And Women In Paid And Unpaid Work: An Analysis Of Variations By Individual, Family And Community Characteristics, Roderic Beaujot, Zenaida R. Ravanera

PSC Discussion Papers Series

On the basis of the 1998 General Social Survey on Time Use, the relative participation in paid and unpaid work of partners in a household is classified into three types: complementary wherein one partner, usually the wife, does more unpaid work while the other partner does more paid work; double burden wherein one partner does more unpaid work while doing more or the same amount of paid work; and shared roles wherein both partners do about the same amount unpaid work. Couples who are cohabiting, and couples where both partners are working fulltime, have a higher likelihood of both shared …

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Strivers And Underachievers: Effects On First Year College Grades And Retention, Heather M. O'Neill May 2003

Strivers And Underachievers: Effects On First Year College Grades And Retention, Heather M. O'Neill

Business and Economics Faculty Publications

In 1999, the Educational Testing Service created a Strivers Index where students who scored 200 points higher than expected on the SAT exam, based on their socioeconomic background, were called Strivers. Similarly, an Underachiever is a student who scores 200 below expected on the SAT. The presumption is that tagging a student as Striver or Underachiever will assist admissions offices in selecting the students. How Strivers and Underachievers perform in their first year academically and their college persistence patterns are examined in this paper.

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Research Proposal: Gender Stereotypes Within Children‘S Play, Melani Saito May 2003

Research Proposal: Gender Stereotypes Within Children‘S Play, Melani Saito

Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal

For my research I will study the interaction habits of boys and girls. I wanted to watch these children and observe this behavior: to see if girls interacted with girls more than boys, and boys would play with boys more than girls. Bigler & Liben and Fagot & Hagan‘s Journal articles support my hypothesis of the children interacting with their own sex more. But Shirley and Heywood would disagree and support the idea that there is no difference. I wanted to study this because I think that it would be interesting to find that children really do play with their …

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Gender Differences In Attitudes Of The United States Initiating War Against Iraq, Cecelia L. Mcpheron May 2003

Gender Differences In Attitudes Of The United States Initiating War Against Iraq, Cecelia L. Mcpheron

Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal

Extensive research has shown that men have an attitude of war that is different from women’s. Based on such research, I hypothesized that more men than women would support the United States’ initiation of war against Iraq. The study involved 30 participants, in which there were 15 males and 15 females. All of the participants were administered a nine question survey that obtained information about how they felt about the United States initiating war against Iraq and if they supported it or did not support it. The results revealed no statistically significant effect of gender on a participant’s attitude of …

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Gender Differences In Shopping Habits And Goals Of Shopping, Angela R. Merrell May 2003

Gender Differences In Shopping Habits And Goals Of Shopping, Angela R. Merrell

Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal

A review of the literature suggested there could be gender differences in the goals and shopping habits of consumers. The hypothesis is that female college students will take part in the activity of shopping for the sake of shopping while male college students will take part in the activity of shopping to purchase specific items. I tested this hypothesis by giving out questionnaires concerning one’s shopping habits and goals to volunteer undergraduate college students of both genders from Lindenwood University in St. Charles, MO. The findings did support the hypothesis. Individual statistics from each question show support for gender differences. …

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Gender And Ability To Distinguish Between Sugar-Free And Sugar Peppermints, Allison Paul May 2003

Gender And Ability To Distinguish Between Sugar-Free And Sugar Peppermints, Allison Paul

Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal

Do men and women have the same ability in distinguishing sugar free peppermints from regular, with sugar, peppermints? Many would say that women have a stronger sense of taste and smell, possibly due to motherly instincts. Fourteen male and fourteen female students from the Human Subject Pool at Lindenwood University participated in the study. The students were asked to taste two peppermints and record, which they thought was sugar free. The results revealed no statistically significant sex difference in the student’s ability to identify the sugar-free candy. However, there was a significant finding in order effects. Seven out of the …

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The Role Of Gender On The Accuracy Of Change Detection, Jennifer L. Sytsma May 2003

The Role Of Gender On The Accuracy Of Change Detection, Jennifer L. Sytsma

Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal

Does gender play a role in the accuracy of change blindness when observers are presented with a Rensink, O’Regan, and Clark (1997) flicker paradigm? I presented male and female subjects with two sets of A and B photographs that depicted a model in a natural setting with some sort of obvious change occurring between scenes A and B. Participants were asked to record any noted changes. I hypothesized that females would be more successful in accurately identifying the changes between scenes A and B than males. Results of the study reveal that there is no statistically significant effect of gender …

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