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Endangered Species And Irrigated Agriculture, Water Resource Competition In Western River Systems, United States Department Of Agriculture, Economic Research Service

Agriculture

This report characterizes several aspects of water allocation tradeoffs between fish species listed under the Federal Endangered Species Act and agriculture in the American West. The geographic intersection between endangered/threatened (E/T) fish and agricultural production reliant on surface water for irrigation is identified. Three findings are: (1) 235 counties, representing 22 percent of the West's counties, contain irrigated production that relies on water from rivers with E/T fish, (2) areas generating the highest revenues per acre from crop production are those most dependent on surface water irrigation, and (3) these same areas are also most likely to be drawing water …

Department Of Agricultural Meteorology Csrees Comprehensive Review

School of Natural Resources: Documents and Reviews

No abstract provided.

A Comparative Review Of The Major Options For The Marketing Of Nigeria's Agricultural Commodities, M. O. Ojo, E. E. Inang, E. U. Ukeje

CBN Occasional Papers

The main aim of the paper is to critically review past commodity marketing systems in Nigeria, highlight some of the weaknesses which constrained their efficiency, as well as assess the performance of the present system and determine the advisability of retaining or modifying the present marketing arrangement. The performance of the Commodity Boards before their abolition in 1986 was adjudged unsatisfactory. However, since the abolition of the Boards, it has been observed that the new produce marketing arrangement has introduced some dynamism into commodity pricing as produce prices for the first time have been determined by the combined forces of …

Farm-Tractor-Related Fatalities -- Kentucky, 1994, T. W. Struttmann, Carl Spurlock, Susan H. Pollack, E. Moon-Hampton, Steven R. Browning, Robert Mcknight, Reginald Finger

Kentucky Injury Prevention and Research Center Faculty Publications

Fatalities associated with farm tractors are the most common cause of work-related death in the U.S. agricultural industry (1). To characterize farm-tractor-related fatalities in Kentucky, the Kentucky Fatality Assessment and Control Evaluation (KY FACE) Project studied all fatal farm injuries occurring among persons in that state during 1994, the initial year of operation for FACE in Kentucky. This report summarizes the results of that study.

Yavapai-Prescott Indian Tribe Water Rights Settlement Of June 29, 1995, Yavapai-Prescott Indian Tribe Et Al

Native American Water Rights Settlement Project

Settlement Agreement: Yavapai-Prescott Indian Tribe Water Rights Settlement of June 29, 1995. Parties: Yavapai-Prescott Indian Tribe, AZ, US, City of Prescott & Chino Valley Irrigation District (CVID). The Tribe Prescott under a Water Services Agreement. The Tribe has the right to develop groundwater resources in accordance with a groundwater management plan developed by the Tribe for on-Reservation use. Reservation effluent may be used on Reservation or sold to off-reservation users. The Tribe’s use of settlement water on-reservation is unrestricted. Shortage management is addressed. The Tribe may develop a tribal water code. The Tribe may sell its CAP contract entitlement which …

Agenda: Sustainable Use Of The West's Water, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center

Sustainable Use of the West's Water (Summer Conference, June 12-14)

Conference organizers and/or faculty included University of Colorado School of Law professors David H. Getches, Lawrence J. MacDonnell, Teresa A. Rice, Elizabeth A. Rieke and Charles F. Wilkinson.

Sustainable development is on the policy agenda for the '90s. What does sustainability mean? Is it a realistic concept? Are water rights compatible with sustainable use? The Center's 16th annual summer conference will explore the meaning of sustainability in the context of the West's demands, development, and natural values. Presentations by leading experts will address the broad concept of sustainable development, with a particular look at Arizona's experience. The focus will be …

United States Agricultural Information Network (Usain) Fourth, Dana W. R. Boden, Elaine Maytag Nowick, Mary Cassner

UNL Libraries: Faculty Publications

General overview of the United States Agricultural Information Network (USAIN) Fourth National Conference held April 26-29, 1995,in Lexington, Kentucky. The conference theme was "Cultivating New Ground in Electronic Information: Use of the Information Highway to Support Agriculture".

Rethinking Proceeds: The History, Misinterpretation And Revision Of U.C.C. Section 9-306, R. Wilson Freyermuth

Faculty Publications

This article provides a careful analysis of the proper scope of the term “proceeds” under Section 9-306. Parts II and III develop a coherent conception of the term “proceeds” by focusing upon the proper interpretation of Section 9-306 in its current form. Part II evaluates the passage of title conception of proceeds in light of the 1972 and 1987 amendments to Article 9 and demonstrates that this conception is fundamentally inconsistent with the economic, value-based conception of proceeds that emerges from those amendments. Using this emerging conception of proceeds, which focuses upon the occurrence of an event that exhausts or …

Modeling For Optimal Management Of Agricultural And Domestic Wastewater Loading To Streams, Muhammad Shafqat Ejaz, Richard C. Peralta

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

A simulation/optimization (S/0) model to aid managing multiobjective wastewater loading to streams while maintaining adequate downstream water quality is presented. The conflicting objectives are to maximize the human and dairy cattle populations from which treated wastewater can be discharged to the river system. Nonindustrial municipal (domestic) wastewater undergoes primary and secondary treatment by a sewage treatment plant (STP) before entering as a steady point source. Dairy wastewater is treated by overland flow (OLF) land treatment before entering the stream as a controlled steady diffuse source. Maximum dual-source loading strategies which do not degrade downstream water quality beyond specified limits are …

Extensions Newsletter Vol.1 No.1 Winter 1995-96, Tennessee State University

Agriculture Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Farm And Home Bulletin November 3 1995, Tennessee State University

Farm and Home Bulletin

No abstract provided.

Specificity Of The Red Imported Fire Ant Phagostimulant Response To Carbohydrates, R. K. Vander Meer, C. S. Lofgren, J. A. Seawright

Entomology Papers from Other Sources

The red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren, is considered an oil-loving feeder, however, carbohydrates are essential ingredients in the diet of the fire ant also. Comprehensive screening of mono-, di-, and tri-saccharides demonstrated that glucose, fructose, fucose, sucrose, maltose, turanose and raffinose were significant phagostimulants for fire ant workers. It was also found that while D-glucose and L-fucose, the naturally occurring isomers, were active, the opposite diastereomers were not. Any structural modification of the glucose molecule resulted in loss of activity. None of the sugar alcohols evaluated were active. The fire ant is an agricultural pest and the many …

Submergence Impacts On Selected Wetland/Bottomland Tree Species., Jian Sun

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Flooding is a common natural stress occurring in wetland/bottomland forests. Submergence, total immersion, is a special case of flooding, which has received limited attention in the literature. This study provides information on the impacts of three submergence treatments on three bottomland tree species. The results indicated that submergence would inhibit shoot and root growth for the three tested species during the submergence period. However, the survival of these species under submergence conditions were different. Taxodium distichum (L.) Rich survived even after 30 days of water coverage and survival continued to be high during the recovery period. Quercus nuttallii Palmer was …

Extension Agricultural Agents' Perceptions Of Sustainable Agriculture In The Southern Region Of The United States., Jerry Gene Sisk

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of this study was to describe extension agricultural agents' perceptions of sustainable agriculture in the Southern Region of the United States. The population included Cooperative Extension county/parish agents with major responsibility in agriculture working in the 13 states of the Southern Region of the United States. These individuals were either employed by the thirteen institutions established by the Morrill Act of 1862 (the 1862 Cooperative Extension Services) or by eleven institutions established by the Second Morrill Act of 1890 (the 1890 Cooperative Extension Services). The study investigated agents' perceptions of sustainable agriculture concepts, and agents' perceptions of factors …

Aqueous Processing Influences On Composition And Functionality Of Mechanically Separated Broiler Meat., Henri Khalil Salman

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The demand for breast meat has caused a surplus of broiler legquarters, which cannot be easily or efficiently deboned by hand. Oxidative stability and texture of mince recovered with two mechanical deboners, a belt/drum separator with 5 mm (BD5), 2 mm (BD2), and 5 mm followed by 2 mm (BD5/2) drum or auger/sieve (SD) deboner with slit openings of 0.25 mm, were evaluated. Mechanical deboned chicken meat (MDCM) had higher fat, ash and lower moisture than hand deboned meat. BD2 meat contained calcium at levels below those allowed by USDA, but had higher fat that decreased oxidative stability. Washing of …

Dietary Chromium Supplementation For Pigs And Chickens., Terry Lynn Ward

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Three experiments were conducted with pigs and four experiments were conducted with chickens to determine the effects of supplemental dietary Cr on growth performance, carcass characteristics, tissue minerals and plasma metabolite and hormone concentrations. In pigs (Exp. 1) 200 ppb Cr from seven different sources tended to decrease performance during the grower phase and increase growth performance during the finisher phase. Dietary Cr had minimal effects on plasma metabolite and hormone concentrations and Cr did not affect carcass characteristics. In general, dietary Cr increased tissue Cr concentration, except for longissimus muscle (LM). In Exp. 2, pigs were fed 400 ppb …

A Comparative Study Of The Ecology Of Smooth Flounder, Pleuronectes Putnami, And Winter Flounder, Pleuronectes Americanus, From Great Bay Estuary, New Hampshire, Michael Patrick Armstrong

Doctoral Dissertations

Smooth flounder, Pleuronectes putnami, and winter flounder, Pleuronectes americanus, co-occur in estuaries along the east coast of North America from Labrador to Massachusetts. Results of a three year sampling program indicated that the two species were partially segregated along salinity and depth gradients in upper Great Bay Estuary, New Hampshire. Along the salinity gradient, smooth flounder were most abundant at the oligo-mesohaline riverine habitat while winter flounder were most abundant at the meso-polyhaline open bay habitat. Both species exhibited a generalized up-river movement with seasonally increasing salinity. Smooth flounder showed ontogenetic changes in distribution along the depth gradient, with the …

Radiatively Active Trace Gas Emissions From Waste Management Systems, Peter Matthew Czepiel

Doctoral Dissertations

Current waste management practices present significant potential for emissions of radiatively active trace gases to the atmosphere. This dissertation describes the quantitative assessment of nitrous oxide (N$\sb2$O) emissions from liquid waste and residuals treatment, emissions of methane (CH$\sb4$) from landfills, and the effects of microbial oxidation on landfill CH$\sb4$ emissions.

N$\sb2$O emissions were measured from liquid treatment process at a wastewater treatment plant where the highest emissions occurred during secondary aeration. Emission factors derived from the measurements included 3.2 g N$\sb2$O person$\sp{-1}$ year$\sp{-1}$ and $1.6\times10\sp{-6}$ g N$\sb2$O (liter wastewater$\sp{-1}$). The potential for N$\sb2$O emissions from the composting of the residual …

A Proposed Acrosomal System For Identifying Stages Of The Cycle Of The Seminiferous Epithelium And A Model For The Kinetics Of Spermatogenesis In The Rabbit, Antonio Carlos S Castro

Doctoral Dissertations

Most quantitative investigations of spermatogenesis requites identification of stages of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium. The current "tubular morphology" system of staging for the rabbit permits identification of only eight stages and is not applicable to all experimental conditions. A more advantageous staging system, based on changes in the acrosome and morphology of the developing spermatids, had not been developed for the rabbit. Knowledge of spermatogonial kinetics, including the identity of spermatogonial subtypes and the number and timing of spermatogonial divisions, is also important, but had not been fully elucidated in this species. This investigation was undertaken to develop …

Cutting The Last Hay, Warren Hatch

BYU Studies Quarterly

No abstract provided.

Biochemical And Microbiological Characteristics Of Ground Beef In Modified Atmosphere Packaging With Gas Exchange., Chung-Ping Ho

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The shelf-life of ground beef in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) with exchange of gases before retail display was compared with conventional vacuum packaging (VP) and overwrapping with polyvinylchloride film (PVC) for display. Ground beef patties in MAP with distribution gases of 20% $\rm N\sb2:80\%\ CO\sb2,\ 50\%\ N\sb2:50\%\ CO\sb2,\ or\ 80\%\ N\sb2:20\%\ CO\sb2$ and display gases of 80% $\rm O\sb2:20\%\ CO\sb2,\ 50\%\ O\sb2:20\%\ CO\sb2:30\%\ N\sb2,$ or 20% $\rm O\sb2:20\%\ CO\sb2:60\%\ N\sb2$ had decreased weight loss, microorganism growth rate, metmyoglobin formation, and color degradation compared with patties in VP-PVC. Increased CO$\sb2$ during distribution retarded microbial growth. Display gas mixtures with higher O$\sb2$ …

Changes Of Antioxidants And Fatty Acid Composition In Stabilized Rice Bran During Storage., Taisun Shin

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The effects of extrusion temperature and post extrusion holding time, microwave heating, and gamma irradiation on antioxidants and lipid composition in rice bran were studied. Post extrusion holding time had no apparent effect on rice bran stability. Increased holding times reduced (p $<$ 0.05) total vitamin E. Oryzanol concentration was lower (p $<$ 0.05) only with 6 min holding time. Inactivation of lipolytic enzymes was obtained by extrusion temperatures of 120, 130, and 140$\sp\circ$C. Increased extrusion temperatures reduced the retention of vitamin E and oryzanol during storage. An extrusion temperature of 110$\sp\circ$C provided the highest retention of vitamin E and oryzanol during storage although FFA level was higher (p $<$ 0.05) than that of the other extrusion temperatures from 105 to 375 days. There were no significant (p $>$ 0.05) decreases in individual vitamin E vitamers until 4 min microwave heating. After 8 min heating, individual E vitamers decreased significantly (p $$ 0.05) in FFA level by 24 weeks of storage with microwave heating for 12 min. Microwave heating for 4, 8, and 12 min did not provided adequate inactivation of lipolytic enzymes. Total vitamin …

Changes Of Amylases And Carbohydrates In Sweetpotatoes During Storage And Their Effects On Viscosity Of Sweetpotato Puree., Xiangyong Liu

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

A critical problem associated with the production of sweetpotato puree is the inconsistency of final product. Two possible factors, amylase activity and carbohydrate content in sweetpotatoes during storage, were investigated. It was found that $\alpha$- and $\beta$-amylase activities do not significantly change during storage, and have no significant effects on viscosity of sweetpotato puree. The inconsistent products in sweetpotato puree processing are mostly due to the change of alcohol insoluble solids (AIS) in sweetpotatoes during storage. The decrease of AIS is partially due to respiration that converts starch into CO$\sb2$ and H$\sb2$O. A new bio-processing method was proposed to improve …

Effects Of Dietary Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters On Polar And Nonpolar Tissue Lipids In Red Drum, Sciaenops Ocellatus., Carmen Mayyuk Chan

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Red drum juveniles of mean initial weight 9.23 $\pm$ 0.27 g were kept in indoor aquaria. The water was maintained at a salinity of 12 $\pm$ 0.5 ppt. The fish were fed six isonitrogenous (38% crude protein) and isocaloric (1.36 $\times$ 10$\sp4$ kJ/kg), purified diets differing in lipid content, for nine weeks, to investigate the effects of selected dietary essential fatty acids (EFA) on growth performance and tissue fatty acid composition. Each diet, except the low-fat (LF) diet, contained 8% total lipid from (1) menhaden fish oil (MFO), (2) oleate (18:1n-9) supplemented with linoleate (18:2n-6), (3) linolenate (18:3n-3), (4) a …

Nf95-219 Common Ground: State Conservation Reserve, William Miller

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) has been a popular part of the federal farm program for the past several years because it contributes to farm income, soil conservation, and wildlife habitat. Landowners have found the annual payments for enrolling land in the CRP to be a financially attractive alternative to producing crops. Higher commodity prices due to fewer crop acres has been an additional benefit to landowners. Environmentalists have been pleased with the lower soil losses from the land and the improved stream environment associated with the CRP. Wildlife advocates are strong supporters of the CRP. For example, the Wildlife …

Nf95-224 Pricing Sew Piglets, Michael Brumm, Larry L. Bitney

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebFact addresses valuing and marketing SEW pigs in Nebraska.

G95-1250 Rust Of Dry Bean, James R. Steadman, H. F. Schwartz, Dale T. Lindgren

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

The symptoms, sources, spread and management of rust in dry edible beans is discussed in this NebGuide.

Rust is an important disease that affects dry beans in eastern Colorado, western Nebraska and adjacent regions. The disease is caused by the fungus Uromyces appendiculatus which has caused periodic epidemics in this region since the 1950s. Recent yield losses from the disease have exceeded 50 percent in some areas.

Ec95-273 Swine Nutrition Guide, Duane Reese, Robert C. Thaler, Mike Brumm, Austin J. Lewis, Philip S. Miller, George W. Libal

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This publication is a revision of the previous swine nutrition publication prepared by the Universityof Nebraska and South DakotaState University. The focus of the publication continues to be on nutrient recommendations for swine. Specific factors (nutritional, environmental and managerial) that affect nutrient recommendations have been considered and discussed. We believe that the identification and description of the factors provide the framework for the nutrient recommendations presented inTables 11 to 16. Industry advisors representing various facets of the pork industry were recruited to review and challenge the concepts incorporated in this publication. Also, in situations where “gray areas” existed, these industry …

Nf95-216 Ascites Syndrome In Broiler Chickens, Eva Wallner-Pendleton, Sheila Scheideler

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebFact explains the number one cause of broiler death in home flocks and how to prevent it.

G95-1267 Manure Applicator Calibration, Richard K. Koelsch

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Calibration methods for manure spreaders are discussed here.

Applying manure to land often is considered a waste disposal process rather than a fertilization process. Applying manure as a waste product is causing growing concerns about groundwater and surface water contamiantion. Increasing commercial fertilizer costs and regulatory mandates will encourage application of manure as a nutrient source in the future.