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The Effects Of Exercise On Breastmilk Composition And Supply: A Critical Literature Review, Jewell Mcroy

Masters Theses, 2020-current

It is well established that breastfeeding provides dual benefits to both the mother and the infant and is the preferred method of providing nutrients to infants essential for growth and development. Participating in regular physical exercise is also well-supported by research to be beneficial to one’s overall health and quality of life. Currently there are no physical activity guidelines developed for women who are postpartum and breastfeeding. An online database search was conducted; three articles met the inclusion criteria and were included within the review. Studies were included if there were direct measures of human breastmilk composition, supply/volume, and included …

Development Of Nirs Based Noninvasive Cerebrovascular Regulation Assessment, Stephanie Marie Miller

Theses and Dissertations

Alterations to cerebral blood flow (CBF) have been implicated in diverse neurological conditions, including mild traumatic brain injury, microgravity induced intracranial pressure (ICP) and intraocular pressure (IOP) increases, and mild cognitive impairment. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-measured regional cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (rSO2) provides an estimate of oxygenation of the interrogated cerebral volume that is useful in identifying trends and changes in oxygen supply to cerebral tissue and has been used to monitor cerebrovascular function during surgery and ventilation. In this study, CO2-inhalation-based hypercapnic breathing challenges were used as a tool to simulate CBF dysregulation, and NIRS was used to monitor …

Physiological Effects Of Sustained Swimming On Salinity Acclimation In Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha), Fritzman Geena

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) encounter a variety of environmental conditions on their migration from freshwater to the ocean. These migrations are physiologically demanding, requiring salmon to reverse their osmoregulatory strategies to successfully acclimate to changing salinity. This reversal occurs primarily at the gills (main osmoregulatory organ) where respiratory and osmoregulatory functions are occurring simultaneously. When subjected to a physiological stressor, the gills will compromise in design to alleviate the most limited function. This tradeoff is known as the ‘osmorespiratory compromise’. This thesis examined whether an osmorespiratory compromise in chinook salmon induced by sustained exercise (a gas exchange stressor) would …

Groveport Rec Center: Covid-19 Vs. Exercise, Ciara Masterson

Masters Theses/Capstone Projects

Groveport Rec Center: Covid-19 vs. Exercise

The Process And Effects Of Ultrarunning, Ellis Ulery

Honors Projects

This project uses an in-depth research study and personal account to determine what it takes to run a 12-hour running event, the appeal of ultrarunning, and what can be learned through the experience. The project explains the efforts behind the specific preparation for this ultramarathon, the final distance of 47.3 miles ran in 12 hours, the evaluation of the enhanced mental state achieved while running, an explanation of the final results through the Central Governor Theory, and the dissection of the study Pursuing pleasure or virtue: The differential and overlapping well-being benefits of hedonic and eudaimonic motives that suggests why …

Default Mode Functional Connectivity, Aerobic Exercise, And Depressive Symptoms: A Resting-State Fmri Study, Andrew Gradone

Psychology Theses

Depressive symptoms are common in older adults. Previous studies have shown that aerobic exercise is effective in treating depression and improves brain function. The goal of the current study was to determine the interrelationships between aerobic exercise, default mode network (DMN) functional connectivity, and depressive symptoms in thirty-eight healthy older adults. Results showed that (a) increased connectivity within the DMN and to the sgACC is associated with greater depressive symptoms at baseline, (b) decreases in functional connectivity within the DMN after a 12 week exercise intervention were greater for participants in the aerobic group relative to the control group, and …

Executive Function, Eating, And Exercise Duration In Adolescents, Robyn C. Blackburn

Theses and Dissertations

Adolescence is an important developmental period for executive function as well as establishing lifelong health habits like diet and exercise. However, connections between exercise, executive function and dietary behaviors have not yet been adequately studied in adolescents, especially in terms of exercise duration. This research seeks to establish how 30 versus 60 minutes of exercise affects the association between executive function, calorie consumption and food-specific inhibition. The current research uses a within-participant design and linear mixed modeling to test the impact of exercise bout duration and executive function on calorie consumption and food-specific inhibition (food Go/No-Go accuracy and reaction time). …

An Examination Of Music Majors’ Exercise Motivations And Readiness For Change, Jason Ruggieri

Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation examined hypothesized differences in college students’ exercise behaviors, motivations, and readiness for change. Previous research confirms longstanding health benefits of regular physical activity and corresponding wellbeing and mortality risks of a sedentary lifestyle. Despite this evidence, people become increasingly more inactive over time. Overall, college students perpetuate these life-long sedentariness trends. Music students encounter physical performance demands unique to degree programs, endorsing more physical and mental health complaints than most undergraduates. Self-determination theory and the transtheoretical model of behavior change postulate individuals with strong self-directed motivations and willingness to enact behavior changes are more likely to be physically …

Zebrafish As A Model To Understand The Impact Of Inactivity And Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation On Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Elisabeth Kilroy

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Skeletal muscle plasticity is imperative for functional adaptation to changing demands in activity. Although a great deal is known about the structural and functional plasticity of healthy skeletal muscle, far less is known about plasticity in diseased muscle. Here, we combined the power of the zebrafish model with the adaptability of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) to study the basic mechanisms of plasticity in the zebrafish model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). Four NMES paradigms, defined by their frequency, delay, and voltage, were designed to emulate the repetition and load schemes of human resistance training programs. Additionally, two inactivity paradigms were …

Impact Of 12-Weeks Of Nordic Pole Walking On Arterial Stiffness In Sedentary Overweight And Obese Adults, Arbër N. Shehu

Masters Theses, 2020-current

Arterial stiffness (AS) is an independent predictor for cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality. Regular aerobic exercise is considered to improve AS. Nordic walking provides important health benefits, however, the effect of this walking method as treatment for AS remains unclear. We conducted a randomized controlled study to examine the effect of a 12-week supervised group walking intervention (controlled pace, ~3000 steps/day, 30 minutes/day, 5 times/week), with (NW) and without (SW) Nordic poles, on AS in sedentary overweight and obese adults. Fourteen individuals were randomly assigned to NW (n=7; median age 54.0 years; body mass index (BMI)=31.3 kg/m²) or …

The Effects Of Exercise On The Fasting Ketone Production Curve: A Randomized Crossover Study, Landon S. Deru

Theses and Dissertations

Elevated ketone production and utilization results in a host of health benefits. The aim of this study was to assess the rate of ketone production during a prolonged fast and to evaluate how an initial bout of exercise influences this production. Mood and hunger, along with plasma insulin and glucagon, were also assessed. In this crossover study, 20 adult subjects (11 Male, 9 Female) completed two 36-hour fasts, with one protocol requiring the subject to complete an intense treadmill exercise session at the beginning of the fast. Ketone levels were assessed via blood ketone meter and recorded every two hours. …

The Effects Of Two Modes Of High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise On Postprandial Metabolism, David J. Buckley

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to see if exercise in the form of Tabata or Sprinting would lower postprandial lipemia and glycemia. Tabata was composed of body-weight exercises. Both Tabata and Sprinting consisted of 5 rounds with each round lasting 4 minutes and included movements performed for 20 seconds followed by 10sec of rest. Following the completion of each round, participants received a 60 second break. Both exercise sessions were isocaloric and lasted 25min. Thirty minutes following exercise, participants were given a 75g-oral glucose solution and a high-fat meal two hours following exercise. The postprandial assessment lasted 6 hours. …

The Association Of Exercise Training Modalities With Circulating Branched Chain Amino Acid And Ketone Body Levels In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, Ryan Andrew Flynn

Theses and Dissertations

Background: Elevated levels of circulating branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and ketone bodies are recognized as biomarkers for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and other pathological conditions in type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Aerobic exercise interventions have been shown to decrease the levels of these markers, suggesting improved metabolic status and reduced risk of CVD. However, the efficacy of resistance training and concurrent programs in reducing BCAA and ketone body levels has not been well researched.

Methods: The current study was performed as a secondary analysis of the HART-D trial, a 9-month randomized, controlled exercise-training trial of 262 participants with T2DM. Participants were randomized …

Use Of Music To Improve Running Performance, Jeremy Buttice

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Running is an exercise that requires minimal equipment and gear therefore, running is easily accessible for many people. Research has shown performance benefits when music is used while running such as increased cadence (steps per minute), increased speed, and decrease in perceived exertion. Since music is easily accessible during a run (e.g., smartphone or smartwatch), one can utilize the technology in these smart devices to track specific aspects of their run. Accelerometers, GPS, heart rate sensors, gyroscopes, and barometers can be utilized to track speed, distance, physical exertion, steps, and cadence. Software developers can take advantage of these features in …

Fitness Plug, Evan Lee Ashley

Computer Engineering

My parents only allowed me to play videogames or watch television for a certain number of minutes or hours per day. By limiting screen time, they encouraged me to be active and find other things to do outside of television or videogames. The Fitness Plug aims to do both by converting time exercised to entertainment time; you can only watch television or play videogames for as long as you have exercised.

Adaptive Exercise Equipment, Jake Ryan Walejko, Spencer Goodman, Kalina Burns, Journey Martinson

Mechanical Engineering

This document outlines the senior design project carried out by a team of mechanical engineering students at California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo. The task is to design adapted exercise equipment for the non-profit organization, Achievement House. The objective of this Final Design Review is to document the final design, manufacturing plan, design verification plan, and project management plan. In addition, this document includes previously presented information on the project background, objectives, and concept design. The background and objective sections document various forms of customer research and include the project goals developed by the athletes and fitness instructors of …

Empowering Newly Diagnosed Patients With Hypertension In Reducing Complications Through Self-Managed Care, Ana Pacis

Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Manuscripts

Background: High blood pressure affects millions of people, including children and adults. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), about 1 in every 3 adults or approximately 75 million American adults are affected with high blood pressure. High blood pressure often does not cause any signs and symptoms, which is why it is also known as the “silent killer,” and many people are not aware that they have elevated blood pressure (AHA, 2017). If high blood pressure is not controlled, it can lead to other heart diseases such as stroke. It can also cause other health problems, …

Arterial Blood Flow At Rest And During Exercise With Blood Flow Restriction, Nicole Denney Tafuna'i

Theses and Dissertations

PURPOSE: This study comparted arterial occlusion pressure (AOP) of the superficial femoral artery (SFA) between the dominant and nondominant legs and the relationship between blood flow and occlusion pressure at rest and during muscle contractions in males and females. METHODS: The AOP of the SFA was measured using Doppler ultrasound in the dominant and nondominant legs of 35 (16 males, 19 females) apparently healthy, normotensive young adults. Blood flow in the SFA was measured in the resting state (REST) and during plantar flexion exercise (EXC) at occlusion pressures ranging from 0% to 100% of AOP. ANOVA was used to compare …

Moderating Effect Of Cardiovascular Risk Factors On The Relationships Of Physical Activity With Mood And Cognitive Function In A Diverse Sample, Alexia Minto

Psychology Theses

This study investigated the effects of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors on the relationships among physical activity (PA), mood and cognition in a diverse sample of middle-aged to older adults. Scores on neuropsychological tests and self-report questionnaires from 62 adults were analyzed. Multiple regression analyses were used to examine the main and interactive effects of PA and CVD risk burden on cognition and mood when controlling for age and race. CVD risk was associated with greater benefits of PA, while higher CVD risk was associated with either no benefit or lower cognitive scores. Results indicate that middle-aged to older adults …

Is Fitspiration Truly An Inspiration? How Social Media Accounts Dedicated To Fitness And Nutrition Affect Physical Activity Levels And Body Image Among College Students, Anna Bowles

Honors Theses

Fitspiration accounts on social media are established to influence those that view or follow them to live a healthier lifestyle. However, just because these accounts are being viewed does not mean that the individuals are following the advice of these influencers. The purpose of this study is to gather data on how physical activity levels and body image are affected by the use, or knowledge of “fitspiration,” or inspiration on fitness and nutrition, accounts on social media among students at the University of Mississippi. The participants were 361 undergraduate students between the ages of 18 and 25 at the University …

The Effects Of High-Intensity Acute Exercise On Implicit Memory And Face-Name Explicit Memory, Morgan Gilbert

Honors Theses

Objective: The majority of previous research evaluate the effects of acute exercise on memory function have focused on explicit memory tasks involving word-list paradigms. For more real-world application, the present experiment evaluates whether high-intensity acute exercise can improve implicit memory function as well as increase one’s ability to remember names associated with faces (face-name paradigm). Methods: A two-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled intervention was employed. Participants (N=91; M_age= 20 yrs) were randomized into one of two groups, including an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group exercised for 20 minutes on a treadmill at a high-intensity …

Physiological And Perceptual Responses To Various Types Of Exercise, Jenna Thompson

Honors Theses

Previously, we found that variable-intensity exercise (VIIE) was more enjoyable than high-intensity interval exercise (HIIT), but the physiological stress was reduced. This study will examine exercise intensity, energy expenditure (EE), and perceptual responses during and after moderate-intensity exercise (MIE), HIIT, and VIIE. On separate days, the three work-matched bouts of exercise (MIE, HIIT, & VIIE) were randomized and performed. Oxygen consumption, heart rate (HR), and muscle oxygenation were collected over the entire bout for all conditions. OMNI ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and affect, via Feelings Scale, were measured in-exercise and enjoyment was measured post-exercise using the physical activity enjoyment …

The Impact Of E-Cigarette Smoking On Pulmonary Responses To Maximal Exercise, Chelsea N. Robinson

Masters Theses, 2020-current

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have emerged as popular alternatives to smoking conventional tobacco, particularly in a younger demographic. However, there is emerging and conflicting evidence on the magnitude of airway damage with e-cigarette usage. While evaluating airway health can be challenging, using a stimulus such as exercise may be used to elucidate the effects of e-cigarettes on the pulmonary system. Purpose: To determine the impact of an acute maximal exercise on changes in pulmonary function (i.e. bronchodilation and bronchoconstriction) in young adult exclusive e-cigarette smokers (S) compared to nonsmokers (NS). We hypothesized that S will have lower post-exercise bronchodilation after an …

The Impact Of Acute Exercise On Factor Viii In Young E-Cigarette Smokers, Andrew R. Allen

Masters Theses, 2020-current

Abstract

Background: There is a strong association between factor VIII (FVIII) and presence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Exercise is a known trigger for myocardial infarction, and the majority of ischemic events from physical stress occur due to an occlusive thrombus. FVIII increases acutely with exercise and remains elevated hours after exercise. Furthermore, FVIII is also higher in cigarette smokers, however, it has not been investigated in e-cigarette smokers. The purpose of this study is to identify potential differences in FVIII before exercise, after exercise, and its magnitude of change in e-cigarette users versus non-users.

Methods: Eighteen individuals (8 …

Groveport Recreation Center - "Freedom, Fun & Fitness", Matthew Wareti

Masters Theses/Capstone Projects

The Groveport Recreation Center provides aquatics, a weight room with exercise equipment, two basketball courts, a fitness studio, a childcare area, senior center, a climbing wall, and an indoor track. Exercise classes, programs, and training sessions with personal trainers are available for members. People of all ages can find an activity that will benefit their mental and physical health.

Whether it be working with kids or adults, getting a group engaged and having fun during exercise is a large factor in getting maximum effort. Clear, open and honest communication between employees of the Recreation Center is essential to keep it …

Ohiohealth Corporate Fitness Center: Startup Bmw Site, Zixiao Nan

Masters Theses/Capstone Projects

This project proposal aims to start up a fitness center located at two new sites of BMW. This project will provide BMW with detailed recommendations on designing and constructing exercise space, ordering equipment, developing budget, hiring staff, creating schedule and content of group classes and programs being delivered, and contributing to an ideal working environment.

Baseline Data Collection On The Overall Health Of First-Year Engineering Students At The University Of Arkansas, Braeley George

Biomedical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

Many factors contribute to college student's success both inside and outside of the classroom. Physical activity, mental health, sleep, and grit are key influences for academic achievement and retention. Exercise is Medicine (EIM) On Campus is part of a worldwide initiative through the American College of Sports Medicine that recognizes the importance of physical activity for health by both assessing and promoting physical activity to all students, faculty, and staff. The EIM survey is a tool for collecting general health information about a campus population, as it consists of questions on demographic information, health status, familial health history, diet choices, …

An Investigation Of Treatments For The Prevention Of Metabolic Complications For Women Suffering From Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Diet, Exercise, Weight Reduction And Herbal Remedies, Brenda Martinez-Puente

Nursing | Senior Theses

The purpose of this research study is to compare the views of traditional versus alternative treatments available to women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) suffering from metabolic complications. Alternative treatments include diet, exercise, herbal remedies, or any combination of the three. Pharmacological interventions for the conditions associated with PCOS such as metformin, used to control glucose levels, and clomiphene, used to treat infertility. Through the literature review, articles show herbs and plant products to have similar mechanisms of actions as the pharmacological interventions, but with less side effects. For example, cinnamon was shown to increase insulin sensitivity and pomegranate juice …

The Effects Of Group Fitness Classes On Self-Efficacy, Katherine Dalton

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Self-efficacy is one of the largest predictors of behavior, when related to exercise studies have shown that self-efficacy can predict drop-out rates within six months of being an exercise program (Middelkamp, et. al., 2016; Sallis, et. al., 1988). College students have the biggest decline in physical activity when compared to other stages of life (Buckworth, 2001; Grubbs & Carter, 2002). University recreation centers provide group fitness classes for students to promote physical activity. Minimal research has been done to show the impact that group fitness classes has on student life. This study aimed to show the impact of group fitness …

The Food Choice Magician: The Dietician, Sylvia E. Martinez

Cohort VIII

Poor or inadequate caloric intake can hinder the improvement of comorbidities treated in primary care settings. Metabolic syndrome is major health concern that encompasses surplus of energy, obesity, and sedentary lifestyles (Kaur, 2014). The notion to develop and implement a multidisciplinary approach to improve the overall health of the community was the driving force of this quality improvement project to target metabolic syndromes. Following a 10-day reflective practice, those with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes all had the necessity of dietary modifications to promote healthy food choices to ameliorate comorbidities and improve overall health. Literature reviewed outlined the significance of intervention …