Digital Commons Network^™

Essays On Risky Health Behavior, Bern Dealy

Economics ETDs

Risky health behaviors including substance abuse and risky sex are a significant contributor to chronic illness in the US. Efficient use of public resources to avert or mitigate the consequences of risky health behaviors requires a better understanding of the overall costs of risky health behavior to society. Additionally, a better understanding of the value and behavioral consequences of programs designed to mitigate the consequences of risky health behavior is needed. This dissertation utilizes a number of unique methodological and empirical tools to examine the consequences of risky sex and drug abuse and the value of policies which seek to …

Effects Of The Great Recession On Non-Metropolitan Illinois And The Midwest, Rachel L. Martin

Honors Capstones

This research examines the recovery of the employment rate in non-metropolitan Illinois and the Midwest after the Great Recession. Data from the 2010 U.S. Census as well as the Bureau of Labor Statistics was used to compile labor statistics as well as socioeconomic data for use in a linear regression model estimating change in employment. My hypothesis was that smaller, non-metropolitan areas of the country observed less growth in the employment change rate than larger areas. Though this hypothesis was not confirmed, other factors related to race and education appeared to play a role in the employment change rate. This …

Factors Influencing Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Land Use, Land-Use Change, And Forest Activities, Pattarawan Watcharaanantapong

Doctoral Dissertations

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are a major global issue because of their effects on climate and the resulting environmental and human impacts. The primary greenhouse gases (GHGs), carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), and nitrous oxide (N₂O), are emitted into the atmosphere from a myriad of human activities such as energy supply, manufacturing, transportation, commercial and residential buildings, and waste. Additionally, management activities on agricultural and forest lands can influence GHG emissions substantially. Even though GHGs can be released into the air via the sectors mentioned, GHGs, especially CO₂, can be removed from …

The Effect Of Foreign Direct Investment, Foreign Aid And International Remittance On Economic Growth In South Asian Countries, Nikhil Joshi

Culminating Projects in Economics

The total amount of money sent from the developed world to the developing world has always been increasing with no signs to slowing down. Foreign aid and remittance are at its highest levels ever recorded. Even with these large sums of money transfer, there still seem to be no consensus among economists regarding the effectiveness of external development finance and foreign exchange earnings (Foreign Direct Investment, foreign aid or remittance) in promoting economic growth. This paper attempts to identify an econometric model that properly portrays this relationship and analyze the effect of external development finance and foreign exchange earnings on …

"El Bloqueo" And The Initial Changes To Expect In Cuba Following Its Repeal, Justin B. Asher

Honors Theses

This document seeks the answer to the question, "What will happen when the Embargo in place against Cuba by the U. S. government is lifted?" This question undoubtedly came to the front of many Americans’ minds when President Obama announced on December 17,2014 that the United States and Cuba would begin diplomatic relations by opening embassies in the capital city of one another's state. It uses various sources to define the Cuban Embargo and the events that led to its manifestation, the current state of affairs with Cuba (roughly 2 years after the announcement). While the United States seeks a …

Lightly Cementing Marginal Materials To Improve Sustainability And Economic Competitiveness Near Ports And Harbors, Braden T. Smith

Theses and Dissertations

Large amounts of dredged sediment are removed from ports and river channels annually to maintain necessary depths in the maritime industry. The most common management approach for dredged soils throughout the southeast US is disposal in confined facilities. This may be the most feasible approach for ports with modest amounts of dredged soil and ample capacity for disposal. However, there is likely a more feasible option for some ports desiring to increase dredged soil containment capacity. This thesis evaluates the beneficial reuse of dredged soils after lightly cementing with 5.0% or less cement by slurry mass. A previously conducted survey …

Essays On The Economics Of International Remittances And Migration, Marian Manic

Theses and Dissertations

Existing literature on international remittances recognizes the increasing importance of these transfers on economic development as well as their effect on the reduction of poverty in developing countries. However, the studies on this topic are still divided over the long-term effects of remittances, identifying instances when remittances have either positive or negative results. Probably the most important oversight of the literature on international remittances and migration is the lack of the regional dimension in the analysis, which is the focus of this dissertation.

In the first chapter I propose a novel spatial dataset of remittances and spending from a nationally …

Do Or Die: Environmental History, Environmental Politics And Environmental Economics And Their Implications For Mitigating The Effects Of Climate Change, Christopher Cannon

Student Theses 2015-Present

Beginning during the Industrial Revolution, global economic growth has been driven mainly by humanity’s ability to harness energy from the combustion of fossil fuels. Energy is a tremendously valuable resource; lands with few other resources yield wealthy nations, businesses, cartels, armies and kingdoms, grown primarily from deposits and reserves of coal, oil or natural gas below the land’s surface. Energy security is perhaps a prerequisite for a nation to achieve industrial and economic development, foreign investment and trade, and in most cases law and order. As energy markets stand today in our global economic system, the burning of oil and …

An Aesthetic Theory Of Gamesmanship, Derek A. Fordjour

Theses and Dissertations

An Aesthetic Theory of Gamesmanship is an in-depth analysis of the personal, sociological, and historical elements contained within the art of Derek Fordjour with considerations given to artistic and literary influences that inform his intention and goals in the work. Also included are illustrations of specific art works and descriptions.

Reservoir Sedimentation: The Economics Of Sustainability, Matthew William George

Theses and Dissertations

Despite mounting demand for a more sustainable worldwide water supply system, available reservoir capacity is relentlessly diminishing due to sedimentation. This fact, coupled with a decrease in the rate of dam construction, indicate an impending water supply dilemma. In the future, dams should be designed following a life cycle management approach rather than the typical short-sighted design life technique.Neither sustainable reservoir lifespans nor intergenerational equity is achieved through conventional cost-benefit analyses (CBA), which render all benefits and costs projected to occur more than several decades into a project as negligible. Consequently, future expenditures, including dam decommissioning or retrofitting with sediment …

Causes And Consequences Of Risk Aversion In Middle Adulthood, Nataliya Rubinchik

Theses and Dissertations

I analyze how risk aversion may affect decision-making over time, what effects risk aversion may have on decisions, and whether one’s level of risk aversion varies over time. I find that risk preferences correlate with certain maternal factors, income, depression, and ethnicity. Risk aversion correlates with financial and health decisions.

Solar Panels: Lighting Our Future Path, Charles M. Woessner

Student Theses 2015-Present

According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, renewable energy resources accounted for 13% of electricity generation in 2015. This figure is appallingly low, and needs to be raised in order to combat the effects of climate change. This thesis discusses the problems within America’s current model of electricity production, and what can be done to update our inefficient model into one that is much more efficient and environmentally friendly. Using data from the U.S. Department of Commerce, scholarly independent research, and economic projections, this thesis identifies the reasons behind the failure of the United States Government in not moving away …

The American Three Percent: The Politics And Economics Of Climate Disinformation, John S. Craig

Student Theses 2015-Present

I investigate the relationship between climate scientists that deny anthropogenic climate change, those supporting their research and perpetuating it, and how it has affected the way that climate policy has been enacted in the United States. For quantitative data, I look at various reports that major climate change skeptics have produced and/or are most cited by skeptic politicians and Think Tanks. I compare this data to that presented in the most recent Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report as well as other research that does support anthropogenic climate change. I also use research conducted by Exxon Mobil in the 80s …

From The Classical School To Today: The Evolution Of Stagnation Theories, Francis J. Lukacovic Ii

Applied Economics Theses

The purpose of this thesis is to study the theory of secular stagnation, which was made famous by the American Keynesian economist Alvin Hansen in his book Full Recovery or Stagnation. The theory of secular stagnation has reappeared in economic circles today due to recent economic conditions since the financial crisis of 2007-2008. The thesis will analyze the history of the stagnation theory dating back to Classical economists in the 19^th century. The concept of a stagnating economy has been talked about for centuries with many economists adding important thoughts. Furthermore, the thesis will address the current questions and …

High School Music Program Participation And Subsequent Strength Of The Local Music Economy., Andrew Segal

College of Arts & Sciences Senior Honors Theses

No abstract provided.

A Survey Of The Cuban Government’S Prospects Of Attracting Foreign Direct Investment., Philip Moore

College of Arts & Sciences Senior Honors Theses

No abstract provided.

Economic Consequences Of Conflict, Displacement And Humanitarian Aid: Implications For Syria, Molly S. Burns

Sustainability and Social Justice

This report analyzes the complex relationships between conflict, displacement, aid, and economics. Providing a brief overview of the context of civil war in Syria and an analysis of development literature on micro- and macroeconomic consequences of conflict and displacement, it critically analyzes the role of emergency humanitarian aid in contribution to the persisting conflict in Syria. It then discusses relationships of humanitarian aid and conflict through past cases of war in Bosnia-Herzegovina and in Rwanda. These two case studies have been chosen in order to demonstrate how aid can inadvertently become contributive to funding war economies, and also how the …

Estimates Of Emissions From Heavy Duty Diesel Vehicles (Hddv) And Control Strategies Related To Transport Activities Supporting High Volume Hydraulic Fracturing Wells In The Marcellus Shale Formation, Rachel M. Zoyhofski

Theses

This project examined estimated emission reductions from implementing advanced control technologies in heavy duty diesel engines and to assess potential emission impacts from trucks supporting the High Volume Hydraulic Fracturing (HVHF) industry in Pennsylvania’s portion of the Marcellus Shale Formation. Models were run examining mitigation strategies, including retrofit devices and alternative fuel strategies. Results compare estimated emissions associated with current HVHF truck transportation and potential emission reductions from control technologies. Models utilized the Geospatial Intermodal Freight Transport (GIFT) model. Results suggest that while some retrofits, such as diesel particulate filters, are able to reach emissions reductions comparable to newly manufactured …

Europa's Bane Ethnic Conflict And Economics On The Czechoslovak Path From Nationalism To Communism, 1848-1948, Mathias Fuelling

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Ethnic conflict and its relationship with economics is a difficult subject to understand, both for moral and historical reasons. This thesis was written with a mind to the effects of these forces on the functioning of political systems. Through study of the Habsburg empire it was discovered that industrialization and competition over economic opportunities drove speakers of different languages to establish themselves as distinct ethnic communities who held conflict between each other as a virtue. This conflict and the creation of a nationalist narrative by communities of Czechs and Germans contributed to the breakup of the Habsburg empire. Conceptions of …

La Minga As A Model Of Food Justice? : A Thesis On The Motivations And Practices Of Immigrant And Native-Citizen Growers At La Minga Cooperative Farm In Prospect, Ky., Tyler Austin Short

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Progressive and radical stakeholders in the local food system call for forms of agricultural production and distribution that dialectically oppose the dominant paradigm of corporate-controlled agribusiness. This ethnographic research engages with the question of whether La Minga is a model of food justice. I collected ethnographic data from May 2015 to March 2016 via informal conversations and semi-structured interviews with members of the farm as well as secondary data gleaned from literature on anarchism, political economy, and food and agriculture. La Minga serves as a small-scale example of immigrants and native-citizens exercising their human right to produce healthy, culturally-appropriate food …

How Do People Update Beliefs About Themselves Under Risk, Zhongyi Tang

Senior Theses and Projects

This paper aims to understand whether people follow Bayes’ Rule to update beliefs about important attributes they do not know much about. If they fail to Bayesian update their beliefs, the paper investigates how the external environment, good news versus bad news, risk levels, and the imperfect memory factor contribute to the departure from Bayes Rule. An experimental approach is used to recreate a simplified entrepreneurship scenario in the laboratory environment which was implemented through oTree. 249 participants were recruited through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk. Findings in this paper suggest that people with Low ability have tendency toward overconfidence which persists …

Consumption Inequality And Inflation Differentials Among Different Income Groups In Egypt, Dina Abdallah

Theses and Dissertations

One of the dilemmas about inequality in Egypt is that perception of inequality has always exceeded actual measures of inequality. Egyptians have long called for more equal income distribution while Gini coefficient according to income figures has maintained its same magnitude ranging from 37.8 percent to 36.6 percent in the last decade (World Bank, 2012). One claim to explain this puzzle is that inequality directly impacts on welfare; people feeling worse off compared to the rest of the economy. When it comes to welfare, consumption captures people utility better than income does. Using consumption expenditure data from different waves of …

Richard A. Posner: A Study In Judicial Entrepreneurship, Sean J. Shannon

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation analyzes the role of Richard Posner, one of the most prolific and innovative legal thinkers over the past forty years, as a judicial entrepreneur in his efforts to persuade the legal academy and judiciary to incorporate economic principles into the judicial decision making process in market and non-market areas of the law and legal discourse and thereby to re-examine the role of the judge. Though political scientists have explored the entrepreneurial activities of policy makers and political actors, they have given little attention to the role of judges as judicial entrepreneurs. This dissertation develops a comprehensive theoretical understanding …

Changing Perceptions: Six Third Grade Teachers’ Experiences Integrating Economics With Book Clubs, Sandra Cronin

Early Childhood and Elementary Education Dissertations

Due to the demands of federal legislation, the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) in particular, social studies instruction has become increasingly marginalized in elementary classrooms (Bollick, Adams, & Willox, 2010; Heafner, Lipscomb, & Fitchett, 2014; Holloway & Chiodo, 2009; Jones & Thomas, 2006; Morton & Dalton, 2007). One possible solution to this problem is to integrate social studies and reading instruction. This qualitative case study examined six third grade teachers’ perceptions of and experiences with social studies and reading as they attempted to integrate the two subjects through the use of economics book clubs in their classrooms over six …

Essays In The Economics Of Long-Term Care Utilization, Jonathan Robert Hurdelbrink

Doctoral Dissertations

This research examines three factors – macroeconomic conditions, the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005, and inter-vivos transfers – that influence both the availability of long-term care services and the use of these services. The first essay explores how changes in the macroeconomy, specifically the 2007-2009 “Great Recession,” affect the utilization of paid and unpaid long-term care services. It is theoretically unclear how long-term care use should be affected by such downturns, as an individual’s health status, wealth, insurance coverage and access to care are all likely to change during a significant downturn such as the “Great Recession.” Using data from …

Non-Market Valuation Methods: Evaluation And Applications, Wei Shi

Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation focuses on the methodological development, evaluation and applications of non-market valuation techniques in environmental economics. The first essay reviews 38 studies on the valuation of beach proximity using hedonic property value models since the 1980s. I find that choice of control variables and site characteristics are significant determinants of the value estimates. Therefore, the meta-analysis benefit transfer that incorporates site characteristics is much more preferred than the other benefit transfer methods, such as the direct value transfer and function transfer.

The second essay seeks to address the sampling bias in the analysis of on-site survey data. I propose …

Policy Brief On Diversity And Underutilization Of Nurse Practitioners: An Illinois Example, Mastura Zalwango

Yale School of Nursing Digital Theses

Health Disparities among racial minorities cost the economy $309 billion annually (Kaiser Foundation, 2012). A component of healthcare disparities deals with lack of access to primary care providers and lack of diversity within the provider workforce. Nurse practitioners as a group of primary care providers have been extensively researched and deemed vital in addressing the issue of lack of access. Unfortunately, this group of health care providers lacks diversity. A federal government initiative created a program called the National Health Service Corps (NHSC) aimed to improve health access for racial minorities. However, the NHSC does not address diversity of the …

Three Rationalities: An Exploration Of Three Views On Rationality In Economics, Martin Smith Sanders Iv

Honors Program Theses

This paper conducts an exploration of three rationalities within economic thought: core, bounded, and ecological. Assumptions, policies and other key underpinnings of the rationalities are discussed and compared. Concluding remarks summarize the key points of each rationality and briefly discuss avenues for future research.

Conflict Analysis Of Economic Perceptions And Misperceptions In The United States, Miryam Lindberg

Department of Conflict Resolution Studies Theses and Dissertations

Economics plays a vital role in people’s lives and societal development. Research shows a prevalence of large deficits in economic literacy among the U.S. population, which may help perpetuate misperceptions about how economic systems operate and why they render specific results. The issue of human nature and how it influences policy design is explored. The purpose of this study is to explore Americans’ perceptions and misperceptions regarding three economic systems—capitalism, socialism, and communism—to determine if there is a generational gap. Furthermore, this research explores how people acquire their epistemological assumptions on economics in the era of Internet; and how perceptions …

Análisis De Los Determinantes De La Economía Colaborativa : Demanda Del Servicio De Transporte Uber En Bogotá, Lina María Mosquera Bernal, Laura Jinet Narváez Moreno, Samir Danilo Mendoza Casallas

Economía

No abstract provided.