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Differential Regulation Of Autophagy By Therapeutic And Physiologic Glucose Restriction Under Normoxia And Hypoxia, Haibin Xi
Open Access Dissertations
Advances in our understanding of tumor biology achieved in the past decade have convincingly revealed the coupling of oncogenic transformation with increased glucose utilization, also known as aerobic glycolysis or the “Warburg effect”, that was observed more than 80 years ago. Although the altered glucose metabolism renders tumor cells selective growth and survival advantages, it also creates a therapeutic window to target cancer using extrinsic sugar analogs such as 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG). On the other hand, certain malignant cell populations inevitably face glucose starvation (GS) intrinsically arising as a solid tumor grows and the nutrient demand exceeds supply. In order to …
Regulation Of Cytochrome C Oxidase Composition By Oxygen And Oxidative Stress, Jingjing Liu
Regulation Of Cytochrome C Oxidase Composition By Oxygen And Oxidative Stress, Jingjing Liu
Open Access Dissertations
Cytochrome c Oxidase (COX) is a multimeric mitochondrial protein complex acting as the terminal enzyme of mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC). It catalyzes the transfer of electrons from cytochrome c to molecular oxygen that is reduced to water. The efficiency of the electron transfer can be modulated in response to oxygen availability by differential expression and assembly into the holoenzyme of subunit isoforms-Cox5a/Cox5b. COX subunit 5 (Cox5) is the homologue of subunit 4 (COX4) in mammals. In both organisms it exists in two isoforms, whose expression is regulated by oxygen. In yeast grown in normoxia, most COX holoenzyme contains the isoform …
Ischemic Preconditioning Of The Legs Results In Small Improvements In Peak Exercise Capacity At Sea Level, But Not Simulated High Altitude In Trained Male Cyclists., Elizabeth A. Hittinger
Ischemic Preconditioning Of The Legs Results In Small Improvements In Peak Exercise Capacity At Sea Level, But Not Simulated High Altitude In Trained Male Cyclists., Elizabeth A. Hittinger
Open Access Dissertations
Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) may have profound local and systemic effects that improve blood flow and oxygen delivery to tissues, including skeletal muscle, and has the potential to improve intense aerobic exercise performance, especially that which results in arterial hypoxemia. Purpose: To determine the effects of IPC of the legs on peak exercise capacity (Wpeak), submaximal and peak cardiovascular hemodynamics, and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) in trained males at sea level (SL) and simulated high altitude (HA; FIO2 = 13.3%, ~3650 m). Methods: Fifteen highly trained male cyclists and triathletes completed two Wpeak tests (SL and HA) and four experimental exercise …