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Algae As An Economical Protein Source For Dairy Cattle Nutrition, Brian Azevedo

Dairy Science

Dairying continues to change with economic and environmental demands of today’s fast moving society. Feed costs continue to rise and now account for a large majority of expenses on dairies; especially protein, which has become expensive to purchase. I believe that Algae can serve as a possible solution to aid in alleviating this problem. Algae grow rapidly and consume undesirable carbon dioxide to release oxygen to the environment, making it an environmentally friendly source of feed. There are particular strands of algae that are high in protein. During the course of this project, I intend to discover how effective protein …

Calcium Intake In Low-Income Women In Indiana, Amber D. Riggin

CFS Honors Program Undergraduate Theses

Abstract

Background: Calcium has been identified as a nutrient which many individuals are lacking in their diets. Furthermore, the calcium intake of low income individuals tends to be lower than their higher income counterparts. The purpose of this research study was to specifically assess the overall calcium intake level and knowledge, attitudes and behaviors regarding consumption of milk products for low-income female Indiana residents ages 19 and older.

Methods: Women ages 19 and older throughout Indiana and eligible to participate in the Family Nutrition Program (FNP) and/or Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) were recruited by FNP and EFNEP …

Exploring The Effects Of Bmi Health Report Card Letters Among 6Th Grade Students And Parents: An Application Of The Social Cognitive Theory, Jenna M. Kaczmarski

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

In response to the growing child and adolescent obesity epidemic, some states and local school authorities are mandating the measurement of Body Mass Index (BMI). However, there is limited research addressing whether schools are an appropriate setting and the intended as well as unintended effects of sharing this information with parents. Furthermore, there is yet to be conclusive evidence that shows that BMI screening in the school setting is an effective way to improve student BMI status. Therefore, the purpose of this research study was to explore the effects of BMI Health Report Card Letters among 6th grade students and …

The Development And Nutritional Characteristics Of An Omega-3-Enhanced Egg Product, Nissan Michelle Kassis

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports

Novel, nutritionally-enhanced egg product was developed by substituting saturated fat and cholesterol-containing yolk with omega-3 fatty acids-rich (o-3 FA) flaxseed, menhaden, algae, and krill oils. The o-3 FA-fortified eggs are typically developed through alteration of hen feed. However, the present study aimed at creating such a product via processing. Experimental batters were developed to match composition, color, and texture of hen eggs (whole egg). The batters, whole egg, and liquid egg product (egg beaters) were cooked, analyzed, and compared. Moisture, protein, and fat content of experimental eggs matched (P>0.05) whole egg. Nutritionally, amino acid profile (AAP) analysis showed no …

The Effects Of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids On Ampk Activation And Lipid Metabolism In Skeletal Muscle, Myra Ellen Woodworth-Hobbs

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports

Intramyocellular lipid accumulation and low lipid oxidative capacity contribute to the formation of insulin resistance, but omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) are shown to attenuate insulin resistance caused by high levels of saturated fats. The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) promotes lipid oxidation and oxidative gene expression, highlighting its possible role in promoting insulin sensitivity by reducing lipid content and improving oxidative capacity. This study evaluated the effects of n-3 PUFA on the AMPK pathway and alterations to lipid content, oxidative markers, and insulin signaling proteins in a muscle cell culture model, with the hypothesis that n-3 PUFA would attenuate …

Maternal Knowledge, Attitudes And Practices And Health Outcomes Of Their Preschool-Age Children In Urban And Rural Karnataka, India, Angela Lloyd

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This cross-sectional, community-based study was designed to compare the health outcomes of 2 - 5 year-old children in different types of preschools. The Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS), run by the government of India, created a system of preschools, called anganwadis, to combat malnutrition, provide health education for mothers, and preschool for children 2 - 6 years old in 1975. Many children attend their local anganwadis, while others attend private schools, and others do not attend school at all. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to interview 125 urban and 130 rural mothers regarding their knowledge, attitudes, and practices about acute …

Water Intake And Adherence To Clear Fluid Goals In Children Receiving Treatment For Encopresis, Elizabeth Shannon Kuhl

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

A six-session group intervention for treatment of retentive encopresis designed by Stark and colleagues yields high adherence for fiber (Stark et al., 1990a; Stark et al., 1997), but not fluid (Kuhl et al., 2009), recommendations. Children may also rely heavily on drinking juice to meet their clear fluid targets (Kuhl et al., 2009). This study examined the effectiveness of an enhanced intervention (EI) in improving children’s fluid goal adherence and modifying their daily fluid intake to include more water and less juice.

Data for 19 children who completed treatment previously served as the Non-Enhanced Intervention (NEI), and 18 children completed …

Defining A Snack Self-Definitions And Snack Patterns Of College Freshmen, Rachel Ann Kinney

Masters Theses

A consistent definition for snacks has not been developed in dietary research despite the significant contribution of snacks to overall dietary intake. The purpose of this research was to examine self-reported definitions of a snack and to examine snacking patterns among a college freshman population. Aim 1 consisted of a qualitative analysis of self-definitions of the word "snack" (n=663). Aim 2 consisted of a quantitative analysis of snack patterns reported from seven-day food records (n=105). Participants were 18-19 year old entering freshman of a large state university. Aim 1 participants responded to the question "How would you define the word …

The Effect Of Nutritionally Adequate Ketogenic Diets Consistent In Protein, Fiber And Micronutrient Content On Seizures In El/Suz Mice, Katherine Jones Irwin

Masters Theses

The ketogenic diet (KD) is an effective mode of therapy for epilepsy, although the mechanism(s) of action remains unknown. In investigating mechanism(s) of action, controlling for dietary factors, such as protein, fiber, vitamins and minerals, is a critical component of experimental design, particularly as many nutrients modify metabolism and gene regulation. Furthermore, experimental nutrient and energy deficient diets are not readily applicable to humans. Nonetheless, a nutritionally adequate nutrient-controlled KD has not previously been developed and evaluated for utility in an experimental model. In this study, we tested the efficacy of novel ketogenic and calorie restricted diets while maintaining consistent …

Content Validation Of A Model For Organizational Cultural Competence Of Health-Related Post-Secondary Academic Departments Or Units, Diane Elizabeth Krause

Masters Theses

OBJECTIVE: Health-related academic units need to be culturally competent to meet workforce needs for culturally competent personnel and to establish effective academic-practice linkages. This study was designed to test the content validity of a model, developed from a literature review, for organizational cultural competence of health-related academic units. METHODS: An expert panel convened as a virtual team to provide input on domains and criteria statements that are important and relevant for academia. An iterative process was used as a series of large and small group telephone conferences and e-mail comment period. RESULTS: Over a 4-month period, the expert panel revised, …

The Effect Of Parent Education On The Home Food Environment For Overweight Adolescents In West Virginia, Kimberly N. Fisher

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports

This study is a pre and post-intervention study examining family involvement and healthy food behaviors prior to and three month post nutrition education. The intervention was conducted as part of a residential summer camp for overweight adolescents in West Virginia. Twenty-one parents were included, one parent per camper. The intervention included nine hours of nutritional instructional time consisting of lectures, PowerPoint presentations, and a grocery store tour. Data were measured to determine occurrence of positive changes within the home environment of these families. Parent education sessions were evaluated. A factor analysis and independent samples t test were used respectively to …

The Effects Of A Multiple Step Antioxidant Nutritional Supplementation Protocol On High-Intensity Cycling Performance, Ryan Hobbs

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports

Purpose. To determine if 5 days of antioxidant supplementation coupled with a pre-ride antioxidant/energy supplement improves cycling performance or reduces oxidative stress in trained cyclists.;Methods. Eight well-trained cyclists participated in a double-blind cross-over placebo-controlled study. Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2Max), peak power output (WMax) and total work during a 15-minute time trial were determined. Subjects consumed an antioxidant supplement (S) or a placebo (P) for 5 days before each trial and a pre-exercise supplement or isocaloric placebo (4 kcal·kg-1) 45 minutes before each trial. Subjects performed an endurance ride of 90 minutes followed immediately by a time trial requiring accumulation of …

Overweight Adolescents In West Virginia Report Healthier Diet Choices After A Two-Week Residential Camp, Heidi Jo Schoeppner

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports

As the number of overweight adolescents in the United States continues to grow, effective methods of treatment intervention need to be established. The objective of this study was to determine if various methods of nutrition education is an effective approach to teach overweight 10-14 year-old adolescents (BMI ≥85th percentile on the CDC's growth charts) in West Virginia to make healthier food choices. Twenty-four adolescents were recruited through schools, physician offices, and community programs to attend a two-week residential lifestyle-modification camp with three follow-up weekends over the next 12 months. Prior to attending the initial camp session, subjects were asked to …

Measuring Patient Satisfaction After Providing A Choice Of Nourishment Options Between Meals In A Long-Term Care Setting., Samantha Hutson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine whether providing residents of the James H. Quillen Veterans Affairs Medical Center Community Living Center with a choice of nourishment options between meals would improve their satisfaction with the nourishment administration process. As opposed to being given the same nourishment item each day, residents were offered choices from a nourishment cart based upon their diet order. Sixteen residents completed the pre-survey, participated in the revised nourishment cart system for a 3-week period, and completed the postsurvey. Level of satisfaction was determined by analyzing the responses given by the residents on the pre- …

Survey Of Adult Cystic Fibrosis Patients And Parents Of Cystic Fibrosis Patients On Nutrition Education, Dixie Lea Durham

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited disorder affecting more than 30,000 Americans, primarily Caucasians (CF Foundation, n.d.a). A defective gene on the seventh chromosome is inherited from the mother and the father. This gene causes the body to produce an abnormal protein that leads to thick, sticky mucus that is secreted by the lungs, pancreas, liver, sweat glands, and reproductive organs. The pancreas normally excretes enzymes that aid in the digestion of food, however this function is impaired in CF, and therefore CF patients must ingest replacement enzymes (CF Foundation, n.d.a). Despite advances in treatment, including replacement enzymes, under-nutrition and …

The Effectiveness Of The Teens Reaching Youth 4-H Model In A Childhood Nutrition And Physical Activity Education Program, Kristen Rae Stokes Strong

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Childhood obesity rates are on the rise. There are detrimental physical and psychological health effects associated with childhood obesity. Society needs proven methods of delivering nutrition and physical activity education to children. The Teens Reaching Youth (TRY) 4-H model has been shown to be effective at delivering curriculum in a variety of topics. To assess the effectiveness of the TRY 4-H model at delivering nutrition and physical activity education to youth, grades third through sixth. The program's objectives were to increase youth participants' nutritional knowledge, improve youth participants' eating and fitness habits, and improve leadership and life skills of the …

Relationship Between Time Of Eating And Injuries In Student Athletes, Yasuaki Okawa

All Theses

ABSTRACT
There is a significant body of research on the relationships between exercise and nutrition for enhancing athletic performance. However, there is a deficit of research on the relationship between time of eating and athletic injuries. Thus, the purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the time of eating and athletic injuries in collegiate student-athletes. Given the potential relationship between night eating, sleep disruption, and impaired wound healing, the hypothesis of this research is that eating late at night increases the incidence of chronic athletic injuries.
Data from a convenience sample of 34 student-athletes, 8 male and …

Claims Of Mistaken Identity: An Examination Of U.S. Television Food Commercials And The Adult Obesity Issue, Cristina Delgado

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Obesity is one of the major public health issues in the United States, often regarded as part of a global crisis. Companies invest billions of dollars each year towards television advertising campaigns aimed at convincing audiences how their ground-breaking discovery 'battles the bulge' or somehow offers an increased health benefit. This study examined how advertisers presented health-related claims, including health and nutrient-content claims, in U.S. adult-targeted television food commercials. The claims were compared to FTC, FDA, and USDA laws, regulations, and recommendations. A content analysis of food advertising was conducted of commercials from major and cable network programs broadcast during …

Group Feeding For The Lactating Cow, Anthony Joseph Martin

Dairy Science

Feeding individualized rations for lactating dairy cattle in the commercial herd based on dietary needs is a popular issue. This has been a debating topic since evolution of the Total Mixed Ration (TMR). Since dairymen were able to mix grain in a feed wagon and mix a specific dietary ration to meet the demand for an organized group, there has been an issue in which protocol cow pen grouping should take. Dairymen have always feed cattle based on if lactating or late in their gestation, nonlactating. With the evolution of the TMR dairymen are then allowed to go into more …

Nutrient And Medication Intake Of Children With Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Cristina Elizabeth Hiten

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

The incidence of autism continues to rise with no cure or understanding of the cause of the disorder. Approximately one in 150 children will be diagnosed with an (ASD) Autism Spectrum Disorder although recent prevalence data suggest one in 91. The objective of the study is to assess medicinal intake regarding prescription and nonprescription medications of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and its affect on their nutritional status compared to age, and sex matched healthy children. The study included families of children with autism in which they completed questionnaires and 24‐hour recalls. There were 26 children used within the questionnaire …

Fighting Health Issues Through Nutrition Education For Mentally Disabled Adults, Kristin Bean

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Because mentally disabled adults have the ability to make their own choices about food without having adequate knowledge of healthy nutritional habits, many have a high risk of becoming obese or suffering from malnourishment. My capstone addresses the need for nutrition education for mentally disabled adults through a detailed curriculum implemented over a six week period. The curriculum focuses on the Food Pyramid guidelines, understanding food labels, preparing food at home, eating at restaurants, and taking control of one's health through healthy nutritional habits. The components of the curriculum include lesson plans, helpful resource materials, worksheets, discussion topics, handouts, and …

The Omega-3 Fatty Acid Content Of Krill Protein Concentrate Influences Bioavailability, Tissue Deposition, Peroxidation, And Metabolism In Young Rats, Kayla Marie Bridges

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports

Objective. Krill protein concentrate (KPC) has been determined to be a high quality protein for human consumption with the advantage of being a rich source of the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (o-3 PUFAs), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). The o-3 PUFAs in krill are mainly associated with phospholipids, which have been proposed to result in high incorporation of o-3 PUFAs into tissues and to be stable against oxidation. The study objective was to determine bioavailability, tissue deposition, peroxidation, and metabolism of o-3 PUFAs in rats fed KPC.;Methods. Young female Sprague-Dawley rats (n=10/group) were fed ad libitum isocaloric diets …

Concentration Of Metabolites And Behavior Of Live Weight In Llamas (Lama Glama) Fed With Natural Grass And Barley During Gestation, Postpartum, And New Born Phases In Turco, Department Of Oruro, Eduardo Ticona Benique

Theses and Dissertations

The llama, a potential socioeconomic resource in the Bolivian highlands, faces serious nutritional deficiencies during the gestational and postpartum stages that negatively affect production. This study was conducted at the Tika Huta Experimental Center in the Llachu community of the Oruro prefecture. Our objectives were to determine metabolite concentration in blood plasma as well as live weight performance of pregnant and postpartum female llamas. Adult and juvenile llamas were fed diets of either plain natural grass or natural grass combined with 0.4 kg of barley hay. In addition, we determined metabolite concentrations in blood plasma and live weight performance of …

Evaluation Of The Effects Of Saka Or Suncho (Viguera Pascensis) In The Feeding Of Guinea Pigs (Cavia Aparea Porcellus) In The Community Of Sococoni, Muñecas Province, La Paz, Boris Rodriguez Peñaranda

Theses and Dissertations

The following work was conducted in the community of Socononi, La Paz, in which we analyzed the effects of three different portions of saka or suncho (viguera pascensis) during the growth, and fattening stages in guinea pigs (cavia aparea porcellus). We used 32 mestizo guinea pigs (improved Peruvian creole breed) weaned 21 days after birth. Four treatments were administrated to the 32 animals (16 males and 16 females), the treatments were the following: (R0) or witness, consisting of corn alone, (R2) consisting of 30% of saka, (R3) consisting of 50% of saka, and (R4) consisting of 70% saka. The variables …

A Nutrition Education Program To Increase The Consumption Of Whole Grains Among College Students At The University Of New Hampshire Dining Halls, Katharine Rocheford

Master's Theses and Capstones

The relationship between whole grain consumption and a reduced risk of some chronic disease is prominent in the literature. Yet consumers and college students fail to meet the current recommendations. This study investigated the impact of whole grain education materials and whole grain labels placed in the UNH dining halls to improve students' knowledge and whole grain consumption. Survey responses from 504 students were analyzed for whole grain knowledge scores and consumption levels from before and after this program. While overall knowledge score and whole grain consumption did not increase due to this program, a significant positive relationship was seen …

Project L.E.A.N.: An After-School Health And Exercise Project For Elementary School Children In El Paso, Texas, Hendrik De Heer

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

INTRODUCTION: After-school activities provide valuable opportunities for health promotion activities that do not interfere with the regular school day, especially in minority populations with higher rates of obesity and type 2 diabetes. The current study is an evaluation of an after-school health education and physical activity program conducted in nine elementary schools in 2008 in El Paso, Texas. METHODS: The intervention consisted of a 10-12 week (twice a week) after school program consisting of a pilot (with two experimental schools) and main intervention (six schools each including a control and experimental group). The main outcome variables were Body Mass Index, …

Metabolic Effect Of Three Protein Levels In The Nutrition Of Alpacas (Lama Pacus) In The Experimental Station Of Brigham Young University, Rolando Freddy Uruña Tito

Theses and Dissertations

This study had the principal objective of evaluating the metabolic effect of three protein levels in the nutrition of Alpacas (Lama pacus) in the experimental stations of Brigham Young University, located in the city of Provo, Utah, U.S.A at an altitude of 13696 m.a.s.l., and geographically located at 40°12’ north latitude, and 111°43’ west longitude. The climatic characteristics of the state of Utah, particularly in the city of Provo, during the current season registered the following: 4°C of minimum average temperature, 11.4°C of an average mean temperature, and 19°C of maximum average temperature, 55% of relative humidity, and a mean …

Assessing The Influence Of Parent/Guardian Variables On Select Type 2 Diabetes Risk Factors Among 10 To 14 Year Old Northern Plains Indian Youth, Christiana Lea Ricci

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a growing health concern among American Indian populations. Many behavioral risk factors for T2DM are influenced by the family unit. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of certain parent/guardian variables on youth type 2 diabetes risk factors. Methods: The parents/guardians of 10-14 year old Northern Plains American Indian youth (n=37) were surveyed regarding their knowledge for physical activity and nutrition, support behaviors for physical activity and nutrition in their youth, and their individual physical activity and nutrition behaviors. Youth variables including physical activity behavior, dietary behavior, and body mass index …

The Fate Of Salmonella Tennessee And Salmonella Typhimurium In Peanut Butter Subjected To Electron Beam Irradiation, Andrea Lynn Hvizdzak

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports

Peanut butter and peanut paste products were implicated as the vehicle of contamination in an outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium that began in September 2008 and in the November 2006 outbreak of Salmonella Tennessee; therefore based on the apparent need for intervention measure, the purpose of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of non-thermal electron beam irradiation for reduction of Salmonella serovars Tennessee (ATCC 10722) and Typhimurium (ATCC 14028) in creamy peanut butter. Each strain was studied independently. Peanut butter samples were inoculated with approximately 7.0 log CFU/g of Salmonella and exposed to e-beam doses ranging from 0--3.1 kGy. Doses …