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Body Mass Index And Percent Body Fat As Determined By Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis In Children, 7-9 Years Of Age, Patrick Alan Grady
Body Mass Index And Percent Body Fat As Determined By Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis In Children, 7-9 Years Of Age, Patrick Alan Grady
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of overweight and report mean Body Mass Index (BMI) and percent body fat (%BF) in Black and non-Black children, 7-9 years of age. The study involved 172 students divided as follows: 56 (32.6%) Black females, 45 (26.2%) Black males, 34 (19.7%) non-Black females, and 37 (21.5%) non-Black males. Percent body fat (%BF) was determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Body mass index was calculated as weight (kg)/height (m)². Black females had a statistically greater BMI (19.3 ± 4.8) and %BF (25.7 ± 10.6) than all other groups. Prevalence of at-riskor-overweight …
An Anatomy Based Health Education Curriculum Taught By Medical Students May Improve High School Students Health Knowledge, Jason Knight
An Anatomy Based Health Education Curriculum Taught By Medical Students May Improve High School Students Health Knowledge, Jason Knight
Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library
To date, few high school based interventions have been shown to have lasting effects on adolescents' health behaviors. The need for health interventions targeting adolescents is underscored by data showing that several health behaviors with significant short and long term adverse effects begin in early adolescence and become progressively more prevalent toward late adolescence. This project tested the efficacy of a novel anatomy based health education curriculum at increasing health knowledge. The course was taught by first year Yale medical students. The curriculum placed emphasis on nutrition, physical activity and infectious disease. Forty Juniors from Career High School visited Yale's …
Behavioral And Healthy Lifestyle Changes After Implementation Of A Walking Program Among Teachers At An Elementary School, Sara Woolfolk
Behavioral And Healthy Lifestyle Changes After Implementation Of A Walking Program Among Teachers At An Elementary School, Sara Woolfolk
Theses and Dissertations
Health experts are recommending an average of 10,000 steps daily to attain certain health benefits and suggesting the use of pedometers for calculating ambulatory activity, such as walking. A 13-week, worksite walking program was implemented with teachers at an elementary school providing pedometers, weekly walking groups, bimonthly supplemental nutrition information, and a survey upon program completion to evaluate the effectiveness. Results showed that of the 31.3% that participated, 93.6% have tried to increase their daily activity in the past and 58.1% found the Bee Active walking program to be more effective than previous attempts. Participants reported that wearing the pedometer …
The Effect Of A Diet Supplemented With Flaxseed Oil On The Lipid Content And Fatty Acid Profile Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Muscle Tissue, Jason P. Nguyen
The Effect Of A Diet Supplemented With Flaxseed Oil On The Lipid Content And Fatty Acid Profile Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Muscle Tissue, Jason P. Nguyen
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
This experiment examined the effect of nine diets supplemented with varied combinations of flaxseed oil and vitamin E on the total lipid content and fatty acid profile of rainbow trout over four months. Mean values were tested for significant differences between groups using one-way analyses of variance.;The most flaxseed oil supplementation, 23.5%, resulted in the highest concentration of total omega-3 fat in fillets (P<0.05). This was due to the increased (P<0.05) concentration of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA). The 23.5% flaxseed oil trout had the lowest (P<0.05) proportion of saturated fatty acids and the highest amount of total unsaturated fatty acid. Unexpectedly, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) contents significantly decreased as the experiment progressed. No significant differences were seen among total fat contents. The results indicate that feeding a diet supplemented with flaxseed oil and vitamin E produces omega-3 enhanced trout with higher ALA but lower EPA and DHA.
Foraging Responses To Nutritional Pressures In Two Species Of Cercopithecines: Macaca Mulatta And Papio Ursinus, Gretchen A. Clymer
Foraging Responses To Nutritional Pressures In Two Species Of Cercopithecines: Macaca Mulatta And Papio Ursinus, Gretchen A. Clymer
Anthropology Theses
Papio ursinus are dietary generalists that exploit a diverse repertoire of food resources. This study explored the foraging strategies of a group of Papio ursinus and the foraging differences between subgroups classified by age and sex. Food resource preference, nutritional properties of food resources, and nutritional demands were examined to test the hypotheses that the foraging strategies exhibited by the subgroups would differ and that food selection is driven by nutritional demands. Adult females and juveniles were found to seek out food resources higher in proteins, while adult males were found to prefer food resources higher in carbohydrates. The findings …
Soft Drink Intake, Television, Video Viewing And Video Game Playing Compared Among Normal Weight And Overweight Preschool-Aged Children In Rural West Virginia, Meredythe Barrick
Soft Drink Intake, Television, Video Viewing And Video Game Playing Compared Among Normal Weight And Overweight Preschool-Aged Children In Rural West Virginia, Meredythe Barrick
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Recently, there has been a rise in overweight in children. Overweight in children is associated with chronic diseases in childhood and adulthood. This study aimed to analyze factors that may influence weight of children. Specifically, average soft drink consumption, average hours of television/video viewing/video game playing, and mothers' BMI were compared among overweight and normal weight preschool-aged children in rural West Virginia.;Children, mean age 52 months, residing in McDowell or Mercer counties in West Virginia. Parents or other caregivers completed 24-hour dietary recalls. They also provided average hours of TV/video viewed/video games played by children. Subjects consisted of overweight, BMI …
An Analysis Of Nutritional Services Available For Persons With Developmental Disabilities, Dawnie Elzinga
An Analysis Of Nutritional Services Available For Persons With Developmental Disabilities, Dawnie Elzinga
Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects
Developmental disabled (DD) individuals are living longer, more normal lives in the United States. There has been an influx of DD individuals living in residential settings instead of the more traditional institutional setting. Consequently, dietetic professionals will encounter persons with DD in every area of practice. Nutrition therapy is becoming more important in the multidisciplinary treatment of DD individuals. Governmental legislation and community programs have improved the treatment and rights of DD persons over the past decade. Even with these advocacy efforts, DD persons are often not receiving the nutritional treatment they need. Common nutritional problems encountered in the DD …
Body Image Among Elementary-Aged Children: Development, Implications, And Interventions, Mindy Beth Probst
Body Image Among Elementary-Aged Children: Development, Implications, And Interventions, Mindy Beth Probst
Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects
Body image is the mental image or conception that one has of one's body. Its development is effected by an individual's life experiences beginning at birth. Statistics show that close to half of elementary-aged children are already dissatisfied with their bodies and have begun to develop negative body images. Review of the current literature suggests that family, peers, cultural values and the media, and changes in physical appearance related to adiposity rebound and puberty are the major causes of this unfortunate situation. Research is also showing that children are participating in unhealthy diet and exercise practices as a result of …
Motivation And The Dietitian: Dietitians Must Increase Their Efforts To Motivate And Bring About Long-Term Success In Their Clients, Cory Ann Hansen
Motivation And The Dietitian: Dietitians Must Increase Their Efforts To Motivate And Bring About Long-Term Success In Their Clients, Cory Ann Hansen
Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects
Perhaps the most difficult aspect of a dietitian's job is motivating clients to make necessary changes in their lives to benefit their health. Although most people are capable of enduring short-term attempts at healthy living, a lifetime of appropriate dietary habits is difficult for virtually everyone. One of the greatest challenges of long-term success is a lack of motivation. This signifies that it is not skills or knowledge that people lack in general. Therefore, dietitians must focus part of their efforts on motivation rather than simply teaching people what they need to do. Methods that have been found to be …
Cystic Fibrosis And Nutrition Risk, Kristen Rae Stokes
Cystic Fibrosis And Nutrition Risk, Kristen Rae Stokes
Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects
Introduction: Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder with serious pulmonary and nutritional implications. Nutrition status has a direct affect on lung function and longevity. Screening patients for growth velocity makes it possible to identify patients at nutritional risk. This identification is the first step towards appropriate nutritional interventions. The current screening tool used for children and adolescents with CF is not reliable and leaves too much room for clinical judgment. It is for this reason that a new screening tool was developed. Methods: The Cystic Fibrosis Foundation established a panel of experts for the purpose of developing an …
Nutrition In Traumatic Brain Injuries, Jaylene Dalley
Nutrition In Traumatic Brain Injuries, Jaylene Dalley
Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects
Nutrition intervention and support is a critical part of caring for traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. TBI patients have high energy and protein needs, as well as increased needs for some vitamins and minerals. There are a number of ways to assess energy and protein needs for TBI patients including indirect calorimetry, the Harrris-Benedict Equations and the Glasgow Coma Scale Equation. Most TBI patients are either non-responsive (comatose) or develop some form of dysphagia and, therefore, are unable to consume adequate amounts of nutrition via the oral route. Nutrition support through enteral or parenteral routes may improve the medical outcome …
Diet And Nutritional Concerns Of Hispanic Americans, Valerie Rawlinson
Diet And Nutritional Concerns Of Hispanic Americans, Valerie Rawlinson
Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects
Hispanic Americans are the second largest ethnic minority group in the United States today, at 12.5% of the total U.S. population. They face considerable nutrition-related challenges, of which dietitians and other nutrition professionals who serve this population need to be aware. Their diet goes through drastic, rapid changes soon after immigration to the United States, many of which have a strong negative impact on their health, putting them at greater risk for obesity and chronic diseases than the general population. In addition to diet and disease, Hispanic Americans face other issues that hinder their ability to benefit from nutritional counseling, …
Dysphagia And Nutrition In The Elderly, Amanda Panting
Dysphagia And Nutrition In The Elderly, Amanda Panting
Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects
Dysphagia and nutrition in the elderly go hand in hand. As age increases, bodily functions decrease. The loss of function causes an increased susceptibility to swallowing disorders and possible malnutrition. Dysphagia in the elderly increases mortality and morbidity rates (3). This paper discusses causes, symptoms and consequences of dysphagia. Swallow studies and various feeding techniques are examined. Alzheimer's disease, dementia and stroke are diseases that are commonly seen among patients with dysphagia (3, 10). Alternative nutrition via enteral feeding has been shown to increase survival rate (14, 15, 16). The ethics of prolonging death or prolonging life through nutrition support …
High School Football Player's Nutritional Knowledge And Application, Kimberly A. Molnar
High School Football Player's Nutritional Knowledge And Application, Kimberly A. Molnar
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Objective. The purpose of this study is to determine the nutritional knowledge of high school football players and to determine the application of this knowledge through their food choices. A total of 56.1% participants (n=32) answered 17 or more questions correctly on the nutritional knowledge questionnaire. There was a significant difference between the number correct on the nutritional knowledge questionnaire and year in school between freshman and sophomores. A significant difference was found between year in school and responses for question number seven on the diet recall between freshman and seniors, and juniors and seniors. High School football players lack …
The Relationship Between Body Mass Index (Bmi) And Beverage Consumption Among 5th Grade Students In West Virginia, Jill A. Kloss
The Relationship Between Body Mass Index (Bmi) And Beverage Consumption Among 5th Grade Students In West Virginia, Jill A. Kloss
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
A large portion of the childhood population in the US is overweight, and beverage consumption may be a contributing factor. A total of 125 students participated in both Healthy Hearts and CARDIAC over two school years. Beverage consumption data from Healthy Hearts and cardiovascular risk factors data (BMI, total cholesterol, HDL, triglycerides, and acanthosis nigricans) from CARDIAC were analyzed. One percent milk was consumed the least and 100% fruit juice was consumed the most. When separated into BMI categories, 69 students were at a healthy weight (BMI85th percentile). Soft drink consumption was significantly different (p=0.02) between the two groups, with …
Project Grow: A Plan To Grow An Edible Garden In A Poverty-Affected School To Improve Parent Involvement And Increase Student Knowledge Of Nutrition, Wendy Michelle Wickersham
Project Grow: A Plan To Grow An Edible Garden In A Poverty-Affected School To Improve Parent Involvement And Increase Student Knowledge Of Nutrition, Wendy Michelle Wickersham
All Graduate Projects
Growing an edible garden in a poverty-affected school serves multiple purposes. It provides a way to increase parent involvement at the school while increasing student knowledge of nutrition. This comprehensive plan prepares a school to implement a school garden run solely by teacher, students, parents, and community volunteers. The potential results are that parents will get involved at their child's school while the students can learn about nutrition along with their families.
The Effects Of Nutrition On The Cognitive Skills Of Students From Kindergarten Through Third Grades, Rebecca Lorentz
The Effects Of Nutrition On The Cognitive Skills Of Students From Kindergarten Through Third Grades, Rebecca Lorentz
Capstone Projects and Master's Theses
This research explores the positive relationships between good nutrition and the cognitive skills of students in kindergarten through third grade. This paper discusses how certain nutrients have been found to improve skills such as memory retention, spatial relationships, and pattern skills. Since these are necessary skills of early childhood academics, parents, educators, and the students themselves will benefit from learning more about how nutrition affects those skills.
Cellular Uptake And Actions Of Bilberry Anthocyanins In Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells, Paul Everett Milbury Jr.
Cellular Uptake And Actions Of Bilberry Anthocyanins In Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells, Paul Everett Milbury Jr.
Doctoral Dissertations
Inflammation and oxidative stress play a significant role in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In AMD, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells are damaged by oxidative stress and die via the process of apoptosis. Anthocyanins from fruits and berries, such as bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus), possess significant antioxidant activity in vitro and have been used in "traditional medicine" to treat AMD. It is not clear whether intracellular concentrations of anthocyanins are sufficient to quench radical species and mitigate oxidative stress in vivo. In this research project, human RPE cells in vitro were used to establish an oxidative stress model in …
Health Attitudes, Knowledge And Literacy Of Primary Caregivers With Elementary School Children, Susan Stuib
Health Attitudes, Knowledge And Literacy Of Primary Caregivers With Elementary School Children, Susan Stuib
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Previous research has indicated that physical activity and healthy eating in elementary school children are the exception rather than the norm. Increased attention to the rising rates of childhood obesity, coupled with the recognition that changes in the school environment are critical to reducing this trend, has intensified the need to adopt better practices in school nutrition, physical activity and physical education. Apart from being physically active, children need to learn fundamental motor skills and develop health related physical fitness (cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength and endurance, flexibility, and body composition). Primary caregivers play an important part in developing and teaching …