Digital Commons Network^™

Change Agents Intervention In E-Business Adoption By Smes: Evidence From A Developing Country, Sheryl Thompson, David Brown

David C. Brown

Two contemporary economic phenomena, namely information and communication technologies (ICTs) and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), have featured in the the discourse on economic development within developing economies. A significant part of these discussions relates to the engagement in e-business activities by SMEs. This paper explores this phenomenon by examining the role of external change agents in the e-business adoption process of SMEs. The conclusion is that change agents intervention via funded initiatives are important to SMEs since it provides otherwise scarce resources, and may also mitigate risks associated with the adoption of new technologies. As such the paper makes …

Standardizing Privacy Notices: An Online Study Of The Nutrition Label Approach (Cmu-Cylab-09-014), Patrick Gage Kelley, Lucian Cesca, Joanna Bresee, Lorrie Faith Cranor

Lorrie F Cranor

Earlier work has shown that consumers cannot effectively find information in privacy policies and that they do not enjoy using them. In our previous research on nutrition labeling and other similar consumer information design processes we developed a standardized table format for privacy policies. We compared this standardized format, and two short variants (one tabular, one text) with the current status quo: full text natural language policies and layered policies. We conducted an online user study of 789 participants to test if these three more intentionally designed, standardized privacy policy formats, assisted by consumer education, can benefit consumers. Our results …

A “Nutrition Label” For Privacy, Patrick Kelley, Joanna Bresee, Lorrie Cranor, Robert Reeder

Lorrie F Cranor

We used an iterative design process to develop a privacy label that presents to consumers the ways organizations collect, use, and share personal information. Many surveys have shown that consumers are concerned about online privacy, yet current mechanisms to present website privacy policies have not been successful. This research addresses the present gap in the communication and understanding of privacy policies, by creating an information design that improves the visual presentation and comprehensibility of privacy policies. Drawing from nutrition, warning, and energy labeling, as well as from the effort towards creating a standardized banking privacy notification, we present our process …

Investing In Teachers

Adeola Capel

Policy Analysis And Trauma Informed Care, Darlene Mack

Darlene Mack

App Newsletter 7, Riccardo Pelizzo

riccardo pelizzo

The seventh issue of the APP newsletter, with contributions by Michele Croce, founder and President of Verona Pulita, and Abel Kinyondo, Senior Researcher at REPOA.

Making Space For Grandma: The Emancipation Of Traditional Knowledge And The Dominance Of Western-Style Intellectual Property Rights Regimes, Ikechi Mgbeoji

Ikechi Mgbeoji

The question that this paper seeks to tackle is whether the patent system is of any relevance or pertinence to the search for mechanisms for the protection of traditional knowledge (TK) of the medicinal uses of biodiversity possessed by traditional knowledge practitioners across different parts of the world. Allegations of biopiracy have been made against researchers, bioprospectors and other entities actively scouring indigenous peoples’ cornucopia for the next miracle drug. The objective of this paper will be achieved through two main approaches. The first analyzes the historical and philosophical roots of the divide between dominant regimes of intellectual property rights …

Giving And Taking Offence: Civility, Respect, And Academic Freedom, Jamie Cameron

Jamie Cameron

Civility codes have blossomed in the wake of rising concerns about incivility in politics, the workplace, social media – in fact, anywhere and everywhere. Universities across North America have responded with initiatives that take many forms including, in Canada, civility and respectful workplace policies. It is surprising, in the circumstances, that their consequences for academic freedom and expressive freedom have not attracted much attention. This short paper explains how such policies threaten these vital freedoms and shows how the concept of expressive freedom under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms can be invoked to reinforce, support, and strengthen the …

(3) "The Imprint Of Congress - An Assessment," Henry L. Stimson Lectures, At Macmillan Center, Yale University, David R. Mayhew

David Mayhew

No abstract provided.

(2) "The Imprint Of Congress - The History," Henry L. Stimson Lectures, At Macmillan Center, Yale University, David R. Mayhew

David Mayhew

No abstract provided.

(1) "The Imprint Of Congress - How To Think About It," Henry L. Stimson Lectures, At Macmillan Center, Yale University, David R. Mayhew

David Mayhew

No abstract provided.

App Newsletter 6, Riccardo Pelizzo

Riccardo Pelizzo

In the sixth of the newsletter of African Politics and Policy we discuss the costs of instability, the renovation of Togolese hotels, and the relationship between corruption, trust and legislatures.

The Greening Of Canadian Cyber Laws: What Environmental Law Can Teach And Cyber Law Can Learn, Sara Smyth

Sara Smyth

This article examines whether Canadian environmental law and policy could serve as a model for cyber crime regulation. A wide variety of offences are now committed through digital technologies, including thievery, identity theft, fraud, the misdirection of communications, intellectual property theft, espionage, system disruption, the destruction of data, money laundering, hacktivism, and terrorism, among others. The focus of this Article is on the problem of data security breaches, which target businesses and consumers. Following the Introduction, Part I provides an overview of the parallels that can be drawn between threats in the natural environment and on the Internet. Both disciplines …

The Second Dimension Of The Supreme Court, Joshua B. Fischman, Tonja Jacobi

Tonja Jacobi

Describing the justices of the Supreme Court as ‘liberals’ and ‘conservatives’ has become so standard—and the left-right division on the Court is considered so entrenched—that any deviation from that pattern is treated with surprise. Attentive Court watchers know that the justices are not just politicians in robes, deciding each case on a purely ideological basis. Yet the increasingly influential empirical legal studies literature assumes just that—that a left-right ideological dimension fully describes the Supreme Court. We show that there is a second, more legally-focused dimension of judicial decision-making. A continuum between legalism and pragmatism also divides the justices, in ways …

Law And Public Administration In Ireland, Fiona Donson, Darren O'Donovan

Darren O'Donovan

Extract: It is often said that administrative law is notoriously difficult to study and to teach because its doctrines are abstract and nuanced, moving across a wide array of statutes and aspects of legal practice. This book is an attempt to defend administrative law as an exciting and dynamic subject which is central to meeting the future challenges facing Irish public governance. Law and Public Administration in Ireland inevitably focuses heavily upon judicial review, as the central aspect of the legal regulation of governance, providing a firm backstop against government abuse of power. In our account of the grounds of …

App Newsletter 5, Riccardo Pelizzo

riccardo pelizzo

Fifth issue of APP Newsletter

App Newsletter 4, Riccardo Pelizzo

riccardo pelizzo

fourthe issue of the APP Newsletter

Population-Level Approaches To Increasing Mental Health And Wellbeing In Schools: Kidsmatter And Mindmatters, Katherine Dix

Dr Katherine Dix

Good Practice Guides: Students, Institutions And Employers, Chris Ziguras, Jo Doyle, Cate Gribble, Racquel Shroff

Jo Doyle

Regional Differences Pose Challenges For Food Security Policy: A Case Study Of India, Renuka Mahadevan, Sandy Suardi

Sandy Suardi

This paper examines factors affecting the calorie gap by considering the risk of calorie inadequacy or excess at the tails of food intakes. Non-linear estimations accounting for rural/urban differences in more and less developed states allow for policy-making on two levels. First, the calorie gap was found to respond differently depending on the calorie status of the individual, to various socio-economic characteristics, social assistance programmes, as well as caste and religion. Second, these impacts depended on rural/urban differences and at other times on the development of the states. These findings pose significant challenges towards achieving a balanced regional food security …

Social Media And The Courts - The Balance Between Open Justice And The Administration Of Justice, Jane Johnston, Patrick Keyzer, Mark Pearson, Sharon Rodrick, Anne Wallace

Anne Wallace Professor

The widespread and pervasive use of social media in Australian society is increasing pressure on courts and tribunals to develop social media policies.

A Discursive Institutionalist Approach To Understanding Policy Change: Ireland And Mexico In The 1980s, John Hogan, Brendan O'Rourke

John Hogan

Employing the critical juncture theory (CJT), a discursive institutionalist approach, this paper examines the nature of the changes to Irish industrial policy, and Mexican macroeconomic policy, during early the 1980s, a time when both countries went through economic crises. Did these policy changes constitute transformations, or were they simply continuations of previously established policy pathways? The CJT consists of three elements – economic crisis, ideational change, and the nature of the policy change – that must be identified for us to be able to declare with some certainty if the policy changes constituted critical junctures. Our findings will help explain …

Narrowing Gaps Between Research And Policy Development In Climate Change Adaptation Work In The Water Resources And Agriculture Sectors Of Cambodia, Dany Va, Bhishna Bajracharya, Loius Lebel, Michael Regan, Ros Taplin

Michael Regan

Narrowing research and policy, while challenging, is especially important in climate change adaptation work (CCA) due to the high uncertainties involved in planning for climate change. This article aims to seek stakeholders’ opinions regarding how research and policy development can be bridged within the Cambodian water resources and agriculture sectors. The study used institutional ethnography methods with informants from government organizations, local academia, and development partners (DPs). This article identifies a number of challenges, and barriers for narrowing research–policy development gaps, including: limited effectiveness of governmental policies and planning; lack of relevant information required to promote evidence-based planning and policy …

Cybersecurity: What About U.S. Policy?, Lawrence J. Trautman

Lawrence J. Trautman Sr.

During December 2014, just hours before the holiday recess, the U.S. Congress passed five major legislative proposals designed to enhance U.S. cybersecurity. Following signature by the President, these became the first cybersecurity laws to be enacted in over a decade, since passage of the Federal Information Security Management Act of 2002. My goal is to explore the unusually complex subject of cybersecurity policy in a highly readable manner. An analogy with the recent deadly and global Ebola epidemic is used to illustrate policy challenges, and hopefully will assist in transforming the technological language of cybersecurity into a more easily understandable …

Clinical Decision-Making Tools: How Effective Are They In Improving The Quality Of Health Care?, Lyndal Trevana, Kirsten Mccaffery, Glenn Salkeld, Paul Glasziou, Chris Del Mar, Jenny A. Doust, Tammy Hoffmann

Christopher Del Mar

Exec Summary Clinical decision-making tools can be considered in two broad categories – those designed to be used by clinicians and those designed to promote shared decision making with the clinician and patient together. The potential effect of computerised clinical decision support systems (CDSS) on variations in practice is not well understood, and CDSS are currently not a recommended means of improving evidence-based practice, or patient outcomes, since the mechanisms of success and failure are not well defined and the potential impact on workflows and adverse events are poorly evaluated. Despite numerous randomised controlled trials, there is poor quality evidence …

Managed Relocation: Integrating The Scientific, Regulatory, And Ethical Challenges, Mark W. Schwartz, Jessica J. Hellmann, Jason M. Mclachlan, Dov F. Sax, Justin O. Borevitz, Jean Brennan, Alejandro E. Camacho, Gerardo Ceballos, Jamie R. Clark, Holly Doremus, Regan Early, Julie R. Etterson, Dwight Fielder, Jacquelyn L. Gill, Patrick Gonzalez, Nancy Green, Lee Hannah, Dale W. Jamieson, Debra Javeline, Ben A. Minteer, Jay Odenbaugh, Stephen Polasky, David M. Richardson, Terry L. Root, Hugh D. Safford, Osvaldo Sala, Stephen H. Schneider, Andrew R. Thompson, John W. Williams, Mark Vellend, Pati Vitt, Sandra Zellmer

Holly Doremus

Managed relocation is defined as the movement of species, populations, or genotypes to places outside the areas of their historical distributions to maintain biological diversity or ecosystem functioning with changing climate. It has been claimed that a major extinction event is under way and that climate change is increasing its severity. Projections indicating that climate change may drive substantial losses of biodiversity have compelled some scientists to suggest that traditional management strategies are insufficient. The managed relocation of species is a controversial management response to climate change. The published literature has emphasized biological concerns over difficult ethical, legal, and policy …

Narrowing Gaps Between Research And Policy Development In Climate Change Adaptation Work In The Water Resources And Agriculture Sectors Of Cambodia, Dany Va, Bhishna Bajracharya, Loius Lebel, Michael Regan, Ros Taplin

Bhishna Bajracharya

Narrowing research and policy, while challenging, is especially important in climate change adaptation work (CCA) due to the high uncertainties involved in planning for climate change. This article aims to seek stakeholders’ opinions regarding how research and policy development can be bridged within the Cambodian water resources and agriculture sectors. The study used institutional ethnography methods with informants from government organizations, local academia, and development partners (DPs). This article identifies a number of challenges, and barriers for narrowing research–policy development gaps, including: limited effectiveness of governmental policies and planning; lack of relevant information required to promote evidence-based planning and policy …

Narrowing Gaps Between Research And Policy Development In Climate Change Adaptation Work In The Water Resources And Agriculture Sectors Of Cambodia, Dany Va, Bhishna Bajracharya, Loius Lebel, Michael Regan, Ros Taplin

Dany Va

Narrowing research and policy, while challenging, is especially important in climate change adaptation work (CCA) due to the high uncertainties involved in planning for climate change. This article aims to seek stakeholders’ opinions regarding how research and policy development can be bridged within the Cambodian water resources and agriculture sectors. The study used institutional ethnography methods with informants from government organizations, local academia, and development partners (DPs). This article identifies a number of challenges, and barriers for narrowing research–policy development gaps, including: limited effectiveness of governmental policies and planning; lack of relevant information required to promote evidence-based planning and policy …

Clinical Decision-Making Tools: How Effective Are They In Improving The Quality Of Health Care?, Lyndal Trevana, Kirsten Mccaffery, Glenn Salkeld, Paul Glasziou, Chris Del Mar, Jenny A. Doust, Tammy Hoffmann

Jenny Doust

Exec Summary Clinical decision-making tools can be considered in two broad categories – those designed to be used by clinicians and those designed to promote shared decision making with the clinician and patient together. The potential effect of computerised clinical decision support systems (CDSS) on variations in practice is not well understood, and CDSS are currently not a recommended means of improving evidence-based practice, or patient outcomes, since the mechanisms of success and failure are not well defined and the potential impact on workflows and adverse events are poorly evaluated. Despite numerous randomised controlled trials, there is poor quality evidence …

Clinical Decision-Making Tools: How Effective Are They In Improving The Quality Of Health Care?, Lyndal Trevana, Kirsten Mccaffery, Glenn Salkeld, Paul Glasziou, Chris Del Mar, Jenny A. Doust, Tammy Hoffmann

Paul Glasziou

Exec Summary Clinical decision-making tools can be considered in two broad categories – those designed to be used by clinicians and those designed to promote shared decision making with the clinician and patient together. The potential effect of computerised clinical decision support systems (CDSS) on variations in practice is not well understood, and CDSS are currently not a recommended means of improving evidence-based practice, or patient outcomes, since the mechanisms of success and failure are not well defined and the potential impact on workflows and adverse events are poorly evaluated. Despite numerous randomised controlled trials, there is poor quality evidence …