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Physiographic Factors Defining The Snake River Valley Ava; Beyond "Vin De Idaho", David Wilkins, Virginia Gillerman, Krista Shellie, Ron Bitner, Gregory Jones
Physiographic Factors Defining The Snake River Valley Ava; Beyond "Vin De Idaho", David Wilkins, Virginia Gillerman, Krista Shellie, Ron Bitner, Gregory Jones
David E. Wilkins
Beginning in 1971 with the first plantings of wine grapes, the wine and wine grape industry in southwest Idaho have grown to become significant contributors to the state economy with an annual impact of $75 million (Bierle et al., 2008). With around 1600 acres under cultivation in 50 vineyards producing at least 24 varietals (as of 2007), wine grapes are the state's second largest fruit crop in acreage, with the majority of the crop (USDA, 2008) being produced in the western Snake River Plain of southwestern Idaho and eastern Oregon. In April, 2007, a 21,400 sq. km area in this …
Playing Without Aces: Offsets And The Limits Of Flexibility Under Clean Air Act Climate Policy, Nathan D. Richardson
Playing Without Aces: Offsets And The Limits Of Flexibility Under Clean Air Act Climate Policy, Nathan D. Richardson
Nathan D Richardson
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) continues to move ahead with regulation of greenhouse gas emissions under the Clean Air Act (CAA). Previous work has indicated that basic forms of compliance flexibility—trading—appear to be legally permissible under the relevant part (Section 111) of the CAA. This paper takes a close look at more expansive and ambitious types of flexibility: trading between different kinds of sources, biomass co-firing, and, above all, offsets. It concludes that most types of such extended flexibility are either legally incompatible with the CAA, or so legally problematic that EPA is unlikely to adopt them. This has …