Digital Commons Network^™

Terrorism And The Role Of Private Security, Brian Kingshott

Brian F. Kingshott

No abstract provided.

The Charging And Sentencing Effects Of Depth And Distance In A Criminal Code, Ronald F. Wright, Rod Engen

Ronald F. Wright

Today's conventional wisdom about criminal justice in the United States tells us that criminal codes do not matter much. The real impact of the criminal law appears not in the statute books but in the choices of criminal prosecutors who apply those laws. Moreover, decision-making by prosecutors takes on even greater importance in the context of late twentieth century reforms that have made sentencing more determinate and less discretionary. Scholars have argued that these legal changes have effectively increased prosecutorial influence over sentences.

Despite these claims, little is known about the actual use of prosecutorial discretion under these kinds of …

Reflection On Teaching: The Value Of A Teaching Workshop At The Master's Level, Debra Ross, W. Crawley, L. Dopke, L. Andre, A. Dubbs, A. Cashen

Debra E. Ross

No abstract provided.

A Complete Analysis Of Criminal Justice Four Year Programs In Relation To Curriculum, Debra Ross

Debra E. Ross

No abstract provided.

Changing Global Travel: Passenger Profiling In The Airline Industry, Brian Kingshott

Brian F. Kingshott

No abstract provided.

The Power Of Bureaucracy In The Response To Blakely And Booker, Ronald F. Wright

Ronald F. Wright

How will different jurisdictions respond to the recent Supreme Court decisions in Blakely v. Washington and United States v. Booker, which require jury fact-finding to support certain types of sentences? The best clues in predicting the answer to this question come from the people who know this world best, the sentencing bureaucracy. Sentencing commissions, mostly for benign reasons, hope to preserve their own place in the sentencing structure, or to expand their role if possible. The particulars shift from place to place, but this powerful tendency of bureaucracies for self-preservation offers a reliable way to predict the reactions of sentencing …

The Role Of Management And Leadership Within The Context Of Police Service Delivery, Brian Kingshott

Brian F. Kingshott

No abstract provided.

An Assessment Of The Terrorist Threat To Use A Nuclear (Ind) Or Radiological (Rdd) Device In An Attack, Brian Kingshott

Brian F. Kingshott

This paper will discuss terrorism from the perspective of a terrorist organisation acquiring nuclear material to build weapons and how security of radiological material world wide will minimise the risk of such devices being used. It will discuss the need to improve security at nuclear waste processing and storage sites and the adequacy of current security. It will also discuss the phenomenon of suicide attacks by the bomb carriers and the role of the media in informing and educating the general public of the consequences should such a device containing nuclear material be detonated.

Does Religion Really Reduce Crime?, Paul Heaton

Paul Heaton

Considerable research in sociology, criminology, and economics aims to understand the effect of religiosity on crime. Many sociological theories positing a deterrent effect of religion on crime are empirically examined using ordinary least-squares (OLS) regressions of crime measures on measures of religiosity. Most previous studies have found a negative effect of religion on crime using OLS, a result I am able to replicate using county-level data on religious membership and crime rates. If crime affects religious participation, however, OLS coefficients in this context suffer from endogeneity bias. Using historic religiosity as an instrument for current religious participation, I find a …

An Adolescent Sex Offender Treatment Program: Current And Historical Perspectives With Implications On Age And Typology, Debra Ross

Debra E. Ross

No abstract provided.

Catastrophic Terrorism: Legal Aspects Of Emergency Situations, Kristine Botsford Mullendore, James Ballard

Kristine Botsford Mullendore

No abstract provided.

The Political Economy Of Up-Front Fees For Indigent Criminal Defense, Ronald F. Wright, Wayne A. Logan

Ronald F. Wright

In this article, we trace the origin and spread of state laws designed to make indigent criminal defendants pay, up-front, a portion of the costs of their state-appointed counsel. These co-pays, which can range from $10 to over $200, are part of the increasingly popular pay-as-you-go movement, requiring criminal defendants to defray the system costs of their prosecution and punishment.

On their face, such laws would appear to be a natural target of vigorous resistance by the defense bar. This turns out to be only half true, however, for it is often the leaders of public defense organizations, faced with …

Murder, Denunciation And Criminal Policing In Weimar Berlin, Sace E. Elder

Sace E. Elder

In the years since 1989, there has been a wealth of scholarly research into role of denunciation in supporting Germany’s two twentieth-century authoritarian regimes. The shocking revelation after the collapse of East German communism and the opening of the Stasi archives that hundreds of thousands of GDR citizens had served as ‘informal collaborators’ with the secret police seemed to help explain how a relatively small police organization managed to create a culture of terror and conformity. By focusing on the cooperation of ordinary citizens with policing institutions in the surveillance of public and private behaviors, scholars of Nazi Germany have …

Developmental Theories Of Delinquency, Christopher Kierkus

Christopher A. Kierkus

No abstract provided.

Social Skills Training: Effects On Behavior And Recidivism With First-Time Adjudicated Youth, Kathleen Bailey, James Ballard

Kathleen Bailey

This study examines the effects of social skills training on a group of first-time adjudicated male offenders from the juvenile justice system. Three types of groups were used to evaluate the effects of such programs on behavioral change. These groups included youth who received: 1) social skills training with parents or guardians; 2) social skills training without parents or guardians; 3) no skills training. Differences in the scales and subscales scores from the Jesness Inventory standardized test were evaluated and analyzed in conjunction with the type of offenses (status, misdemeanor, and felony) for the three groups. This exploratory study yielded …

Sexually Abused Female Inmates In State And Local Correctional Institutions, Kristine Botsford Mullendore, Laurie Beever

Kristine Botsford Mullendore

No abstract provided.

Police And Society: Touchstone Readings, Vic Kappeler

Vic Kappeler

The articles in this collection reveal fundamental assumptions about the relationship of the police to society. Articles were selected for both their complementary and their competing natures. They serve as touchstones for one another, measuring and questioning the value of previous conceptions about how policing fits into the broader social context. Many of the articles challenge the methods by which information was acquired, how practices evolved from that information, and the background assumptions that drove the construction of practices and theories. The editor's purpose in assembling this provocative volume is to facilitate systematic inquiry to help readers discover connections, to …

Just Kids Day: Evaluation Of Pilot Program At Dickinson Elementary School, Christine Yalda, Joel Ritsema, Lisa Dopke, Lyndsey Cusack

Christine A. Yalda

No abstract provided.

Adolescent Risk-Taking As A Justification For Paternalistic Legal Policy, John Hewitt, Robert Regoli, Christopher Kierkus

Christopher A. Kierkus

No abstract provided.

Critical Issues In Police Civil Liability, Vic Kappeler

Vic Kappeler

Building on the strength of previous editions, the fourth edition presents a well-conceived, clearly stated analysis of complex issues confronting law enforcement officers and administrators. Law enforcement duties sometimes place police officers in vulnerable positions regarding their legal obligations and expose them to charges of misconduct. Civil liability is an extremely expensive proposition for police officers, law enforcement agencies, governments, and—ultimately—taxpayers. Although substantial resources are often expended by the justice system to resolve liability cases, there are benefits to citizens. When the government assumes the responsibility to provide service or to protect the public, people injured by inadequate performance of …

Criminal Justice Theory: Toward Legitimacy And An Infrastructure, Peter Kraska

Peter Kraska

Within Criminal Justice/Criminology, “theory” is generally assumed to be concerned with crime and crime rates. Studying criminal justice is tacitly, and sometimes explicitly, relegated to the narrow role of evaluative and descriptive scholarship. This article explores the reasons for our field’s failure to recognize the importance of developing an accessible and well‐recognized theoretical infrastructure not about crime, but criminal justice and crime control phenomena. It examines the complexity of our object of study when theorizing criminal justice and the efficacy of organizing criminal justice theory using multiple “theoretical orientations.” The conclusion stresses the essentiality of criminal justice theory, with particular …

Police Civil Liability: Supreme Court Cases And Materials, Victor Kappeler

Vic Kappeler

The thirty-five Supreme Court cases in the second edition provide a solid, accessible foundation for understanding civil liability law and its impact on policing operations and management. This resource also includes a brief review of the basics of judicial reasoning and a short introduction on how to brief cases. These materials and the discussion questions at the end of each section help readers understand the process of legal inquiry and analysis and the changing nature of police civil liability law.

Cohabitation, Non-Traditional Family Structure, And The Development Of Anti-Social Behavior: A 21st Century Approach To A Mid 20th Century Issue, Christopher Kierkus, John Hewitt

Christopher A. Kierkus

No abstract provided.