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Weapons Of Mass Destruction & Public International Law, Michael Donlan

New England Journal of Public Policy

The proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) into the hands of rogue dictators and terrorists has brought a sea change in strategic international relations, and is accelerating the necessity of public international law to protect humanity. Traditional balances of power have little force left to deter WMD. Major powers must seriously revamp and proactively exploit public international law, and, to that end, bolster multilateral institutions to marshal an action plan to leash this unacceptable risk. Leadership is needed on three levels: 1) promote a new mission for public international law to address WMD; 2) muster a broad-based coalition of …

David P. Forsythe On Non-State Actors And Human Rights. Edited By Philip Alston. Oxford, Uk: Oxford University Press, 2005. 350pp., David P. Forsythe

Human Rights & Human Welfare

No abstract provided.

The Rule Of (Administrative) Law In International Law, David Dyzenhaus

Law and Contemporary Problems

No abstract provided.

Seen And Not Heard?: Children's Objections Under The Hague Convention On International Child Abduction, Anastacia M. Greene

University of Miami International and Comparative Law Review

No abstract provided.

Spaceship Sheriffs And Cosmonaut Cops, Lee Seshagiri

Dalhousie Law Journal

This paper examines some of the current legal regimes applicable to criminal law in outer space and offers insights into options for future legal developments in the cosmos. It begins by setting out the context for law enforcement in outer space, emphasizing the commercial nature of future space exploration and the need for laws and law enforcement in that environment. Next, various methods for assigning legal jurisdiction in space are examined, and the underlying justifications for the exercise of such jurisdiction are considered. The paper goes on to explore preventative approaches to space crime, highlighting the usefulness of such approaches …

"Tools For Success": The Trips Agreement And The Human Right To Essential Medicines, Melissa Mcclellan

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

No abstract provided.

Kathleen J. Hancock On Breaking Silence, The Case That Changed The Face Of Human Rights By Richard Alan White. Washington, Dc: Georgetown University Press, 2004. 320pp., Kathleen J. Hancock

Human Rights & Human Welfare

No abstract provided.

David P. Forsythe On The United States And The Rule Of Law In International Affairs By John F. Murphy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. 367pp., David P. Forsythe

Human Rights & Human Welfare

A review of:

The United States and the Rule of Law in International Affairs by John F. Murphy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. 367pp.

Tax Discrimination In The Nafta Bloc: The Impact Of Tax And Trade Agreements On The Cross-Border Trade In Services, Catherine Brown

Dalhousie Law Journal

This paper considers the impact of international agreements in disciplining tax discrimination affecting cross-bordertrade in services. It addresses three questions. First, how do tax and trade agreements interact in the discipline of tax measures affecting cross-border service providers? Second, does this interaction result in tax discrimination against foreign service providers in the NAFTA bloc? Third, if so, what remedies, if any, are available to cross-border service providers with respect to tax measures that are discnminatory? The paper concludes with illustrative examples that service providers in the NAFTA bloc, depending on the applicable treaty are subject to differing tax treatments, are …

Aaron Peron Ogletree On Indigenous Peoples In International Law (Second Edition) By S. James Anaya. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004. 396pp., Aaron Peron Ogletree

Human Rights & Human Welfare

A review of:

Indigenous Peoples In International Law (Second Edition) by S. James Anaya. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004. 396pp.

International Law In The United States Legal System: Observance, Application, And Enforcement, Beth Van Schaack

Santa Clara Law Review

No abstract provided.

Dancing With The Devil: Prosecuting West Africa's Warlords: Building Initial Prosecutorial Strategy For An International Tribunal After Third World Armed Conflicts, David M, Crane

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Historical And Social Perspectives On The Regulation Of The International Trade In Archaeological Objects: The Examples Of Greece And India, Neil Brodie

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Two empirical studies of the trade in cultural material have shown that strong export controls work. Between 1820 and 1870, pre-unification Italian states with strong export controls in place retained more of their cultural heritage (measured in terms of paintings and antique books) than states with weak or no controls. Thefts from cultural institutions in the Czech Republic rose sharply after 1989, the year the "Iron Curtain" was raised; though this example also highlights the curtailment of civil liberties that might be necessary for strong export controls to work and that are probably unacceptable in a liberal society. '

This …

The Bearded Bandit, The Outlaw Cop, And The Naked Emperor: Towards A North-South (De)Construction Of The Texts And Contexts Of International Law's (Dis)Engagement With Terrorism, Ikechi Mgbeoji

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

For over one hundred years, the definition of the term "terrorism" has been subjected to political propaganda. In addition, dubious self-righteous indignation or outrage, often expressed by various states or prominent politicians at the occurrence of acts of terror have often masked the participation of those same states in international terrorism. In this endless cycle of finger pointing, accusations, denials, and counter-accusations, the problematic of what constitutes terror in legal parlance has degenerated into an exercise in name-calling. This sad spectacle frustrates objective and sincere attempts at fashioning out legal and policy framework to deal with the scourge of terrorism. …

Assessing Claims Of A New Doctrine Of Pre-Emptive War Under The Doctrine Of Sources, James Thuo Gathii

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

After examining state practice and opinio juris on the preemptive use of force in the last few years, I conclude that the prohibition of preemptive war where there is no armed attack or an instant, overwhelming threat has not changed. Under customary international law, this prohibition of preemptive use of force is a customary international law norm of extremely high normativity and as such state practice inconsistent confirms the norm particularly in the absence of evidence of its widespread and representative repudiation. Second, under the doctrine of sources, state practice inconsistent with a norm of customary international law or persistent …

Tailoring Globalization To Reduce Global Poverty And Inequality: A Case Study Of The U.S.-Cambodian Bilateral Textile Agreement, Jimmy Howell

International Journal of Legal Information

There is a great need for incorporating labor rights provisions into bilateral, multilateral, and regional trade agreements. However, it was only towards the end of the last century that governments experimented with different types of legal systems to address labor issues. As the debate on this matter moves forward, more attention must focus on the most effective and appropriate legal architectures for labor rights protection in the trade context. The USCBTA was the purest example of a regulatory model that governments have used to link trade and labor protection. The weaknesses in a purely regulatory model indicate that a different …

The World Court’S Ruling Regarding Israel’S West Bank Barrier And The Primacy Of International Law: An Insider’S Perspective, Pieter H. F. Bekker

Cornell International Law Journal

A former UN official & staff lawyer for the International Court of Justice (ICJ) reflects on that courts ruling on Israels construction of a wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory. It is emphasized that the Court's primary focus was upholding international law. The case was not about Israels right to build a protective structure on its own territory but about the course of the West Bank barrier that extends past the Green Line designated in the 1949 Armistice Agreement. Key pronouncements of the landmark opinion are examined, including condemnation of the settlements that Israel had established in Palestinian territories; the …

The Legality Of Torture As A Means To An End V. The Illegality Of Torture As A Violation Of Jus Cogens Norms Under Customary International Law, Stephanie L. Williams

University of Miami International and Comparative Law Review

No abstract provided.

Subjects Of International Law: A Power-Based Analysis, Guido Acquaviva

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

In this Article, the Author challenges the definition of the term "state" that is commonly accepted in legal scholarship as the basis for assessing whether an entity is a subject of international law. By analyzing a number of cases that do not fit into the "traditional" model--including the Holy See, Napoleon, and the Confederacy--the Author reaches the conclusion that the only essential element of a subject of international law is its sovereignty. An entity is sovereign when it is able effectively to assert that it is not subordinate to another authority: territory and population are therefore not essential attributes of …

Protecting Indigenous Peoples, Paul J. Magnarella

Human Rights & Human Welfare

A review of:

The Origins of Indigenism: Human Rights and the Politics of Identity by Ronald Niezen. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003. 272pp.

and

Indigenous Peoples and the State: The Struggle for Native Rights by Bradley Reed Howard. Dekalb, IL: Northern Illinois University Press, 2003. 252pp.

Member State Compliance With The Judgments Of The Inter-American Court Of Human Rights, Morse Tan

International Journal of Legal Information

This essay fills a gap by exploring compliance theory in international law to the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. After introducing the topic and setting the context, it delves into the question of why nations follow international law. Interacting with prominent theoretical models (including the managerial model, fairness and legitimacy, transnational legal process, self-interest, and a comparative perspective with Europe), it arrives at a critical synthesis in the conclusion.

The Alien Tort Claims Act: Temporary Stopgap Measure Or Permanent Remedy, Borchien Lai

Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business

As the world has become smaller through technological advances in travel and communication, the international marketplace has grown larger. The United Nations ("U.N.") estimates that the number of multinational corporations tripled between 1988 and 1997 to 60,000. As these corporations increase their investments abroad, they also face proportionately increasing pressure from investors to run successful operations and increase profits. The result of this dynamic is well-documented. Multinational corporations invest heavily in underdeveloped countries where natural resources are abundant and labor is cheap. To facilitate operations in the country, the corporations must establish a rapport with the host governments-and often, in …

Bilateral Investment Treaties And The Possibility Of A Multilateral Framework On Investment At The Wto: Are Poor Economies Caught In Between, Victor Mosoti

Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business

The increased Foreign Direct Investment ("FDI") flows in the past few years have strengthened the belief among many developing countries, especially African countries, that such FDI flows could help in reducing the resource, technology and foreign exchange gaps that constrain their economic development. As a result, many developing countries have beendiligently working to attract foreign investment, for which these countries give some of the highest returns; in the process, these countries make concessions that they would have found unthinkable in the past, when autarchic economic policies were prevalent. For example, due to the liberalization of capital accounts, a foreign investor …

Commentary By Experts, Lee Feinstein, Ian Hurd, Joshua Muravchik

Northwestern Journal of Human Rights

No abstract provided.

Dragging Their Devotion: The Role Of International Law In Major League Baseball's Dominican Affairs, Vanessa Marie Zimmer

Northwestern Journal of Human Rights

No abstract provided.

Re-Establishing The Sisseton-Wahpeton Oyate's Reservation Boundaries: Building A Legal Rationale From Current International Law, Angelique A. Eaglewoman

American Indian Law Review

No abstract provided.

Immunity For Artworks On Loan? A Review Of International Customary Law And Municipal Anti-Seizure Statutes In Light Of The "Liechtenstein" Litigation, Matthias Weller

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Are we witnessing the emergence of a legal principle of immunity for artworks on loan from abroad? This Article analyzes to what extent such a principle exists or is about to come into being and what its legal potential might be. To this end, Part II examines one of the leading cases about artworks on loan, the Liechtenstein case, and compares it to other controversies about loaned artworks to identify possible signs of a development in court practice towards a principle of immunity for artworks on loan. Against the background of the legal weaknesses of a yet inchoate concept of …

International Legal Dimensions Of Art And Cultural Property, Jeffrey A. Schoenblum

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The market for art and cultural property is international.' Demand is intense and not particularly local in terms of consumer preference. Supply responds to this intense international demand. Like most anything else, art finds its way to whomever is prepared to pay for it. Regulation affects how it arrives at its ultimate destination, but generally does not prevent it from getting there...

The symposium's contributors have sought to address the complex legal and policy issues raised by an explosive global market in art and cultural property. These articles will prove invaluable in the shaping of the international legal response to …

Challenges To International Law Enforcement Cooperation For The United States In The Middle East And North Africa: Extradition And Its Alternatives, David P. Warner

Villanova Law Review

No abstract provided.

The International Law Of Environmental Warfare: Active And Passive Damage During Armed Conflict, Eric T. Jensen

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

One of the constant elements of warfare is its degrading effects on the environment. Many writers blame this destruction of the environment on inadequate standards in the international law of environmental warfare. To remedy this shortfall, the international law of environmental warfare should be categorized as either passive or active environmental warfare. Active environmental warfare requires the intentional "use" of the environment as a weapon of waging armed conflict. Passive environmental warfare includes acts not specifically designed to "use" the environment for a particular military purpose but that have a degrading effect on the environment. Passive environmental warfare violates international …