Digital Commons Network^™

Advacnes On Biological And Farming Technology For The Prevention And Treatment Of Cadmium In Rice, Shen Junjun, Lin Qinlu, Luo Feijun

Food and Machinery

In this paper, on account of the current situation that some rice have high cadmium content or even exceeds the national standard, the severity and regional distribution currently at home and abroad are analyzed. The necessity of controlling cadmium pollution of rice was revealed, and the methods of biotechnology and farming at home and abroad were systematically integrated,such as screening low cadmium enriched rice varieties using biological technology, hybrid technology and genetic engineering technology that includes transgene technology, gene knockout and gene silencing to improve rice traits. The microbial adsorption method and fermentation technology to reduce the cadmium content in …

Using Renewable Portfolio Standards To Accelerate Development Of Negative Emissions Technologies, Anthony E. Chavez

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

As society continues to emit greenhouse gases, the likelihood of dangerous climate change occurring increases. Indeed, most analyses project that we must utilize negative emission technologies (“NETs”) to avoid dangerous warming. Even the Paris Agreement anticipates the implementation of such carbon dioxide (“CO₂”) removal technologies. Unfortunately, NETs are not ready for large-scale deployment. In many instances, their technologies remain uncertain; in others, their ability to operate at the scale required is unknown. Other uncertainties, including their costs, effectiveness, and environmental impacts have yet to be determined.

A means to accelerate the development and implementation of NETs is a …

Applied Research Engages Extension Master Gardener Volunteers, Lynne Davenport-Hagen, Julie Weisenhorn, Mary Hockenberry Meyer

The Journal of Extension

Extension master gardener (EMG) volunteers can be a valuable resource for Extension professionals in applied research if they are given clear instructions and tools for success. We developed recruitment and training materials for EMGs that equipped them for planting, maintaining, and collecting data in four demonstration/research gardens to measure the benefits of biochar on plant growth. EMGs' evaluations showed 80% satisfaction with the quality of the project, the education they gained about biochar, the volunteer training experience, and the communication methods used. Volunteers reported that working in applied research was a fulfilling educational experience.

Long-Term Research On Red Soil Degradation And Remediation Promotes Development Of Ecological Recycling Agriculture In Hilly Region Of Southeast China, Sun Bo, Liang Yin, Xu Renkou, Peng Xinhua, Wang Xingxiang, Zhou Jing, Li Zhongpei, Zhao Xueqiang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The degradation problems of soil erosion, soil acidification, soil fertility attenuation, soil heavy metal pollution, and seasonal drought in the red soil hilly region of Southeast China have resulted in the degradation of the red soil ecosystem and the decline of the land productivity, which restricts the sustainable development of regional agriculture. Since the establishment of Yingtan Red Soil Ecological Experiment Station in 1985, the long-term observation and ecological basic research of red soil ecosystems have been carried out, the application research and demonstration have been implemented on soil degradation and restoration, soil quality evolution and improvement, nutrient cycling and …

Full Issue 47(2)

International Journal of Speleology

No abstract provided.

Determination Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Pahs) Using Environmentally Friendly Liquid Chromatography, Asep Kurnia, Lee Wah Lim, Toyohide Takeuchi

Makara Journal of Science

An analytical methodto determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is required to obtain high-quality analytical results. The purpose of this study is to achievegood separation ofa few PAHs by using environmentally friendly liquid chromatography. Accordingly, a liquid chromatograph incorporating a fluorescence detector, UV detector, and a capillary column is employed herein to simultaneously minimize the use of chemicals and obtain analytical results better than those obtained using aconventional column. Observation parameter include single analysis ofeach PAH, method valida-tion, the new stationary phase, the effectof mobile phase concentration, and Quenchereffect. The PAHs tested include naphthalene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, and pyrene. The test …

New Records Of Guano-Associated Minerals From Caves In Northwestern Borneo, Donald A. Mcfarlane, Joyce Lundberg

International Journal of Speleology

Recent studies of ancient bat guano deposits in the caves of Gunung Mulu National Park and Niah National Park, Sarawak, Malaysia, have resulted in noteworthy records of phosphate minerals from these environments, including variscite, nano-particulate silica, fluorapatite, and niter.

Scientific Issues And Controlling Strategies Of Soil Acidification Of Croplands In China, Xu Renkou, Li Jiuyu, Zhou Shiwei, Xu Minggang, Shen Renfang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Soil acidification of croplands in South of China became serious in recent decades. This not only led to the reduction in crop yields, but also enhanced uptake and accumulation of heavy metals in agricultural products, which threatened peoples' health. The main scientific issues for soil acidification control are:(1) the distribution of acidic soils in detail and the critical pH and soil Al concentration to harm various crops are not clear; (2) the prediction of soil acidification trends needs to be investigated; (3) the controlling strategies for soil acidification need to be developed. It is significant for sustainable agriculture and revitalizing …

Biochar For Sustainable Soil Management: Biomass Technology And Industry From Soil Perspectives, Liu Xiaoyu, Bian Rongjun, Lu Haifei, Zheng Jufeng, Cheng Kun, Li Lianqing, Zhang Xuhui, Pan Genxing

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Understanding of the dark fertile soil named "Terra Preta" from the ancient Amazonian agriculture has led to a global trend of an emerging science of biochar since the early 2000's. It has been well accepted as an approach for soil sustainable management by producing biochar via pyrolysis of agro-wastes and amending it into agricultural soils. It is a new way of organic wastes treatment and soil fertility improvement. With the development of large scaled industrial system of biochar from pyrolysis and biochar-based fertilizers manufacture, it has become an ample opportunity to enhance soil carbon stock, save chemical fertilizer, increase yield, …

Control Of Heavy Metal Pollution In Farmland Of China In Terms Of Food Security, Xu Jianming, Meng Jun, Liu Xingmei, Shi Jiachun, Tang Xianjin

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The serious issue on heavy metal pollution in farmland of China has posed a potential threat to food security. On the basis of the current status of heavy metal pollution in farmland soils and grain in China, three categories of forbidden area, limited-yield area, and suitable yield area for agricultural producing areas should be emphasized. The application of crop varieties with low accumulation of heavy metals and passivation-barrier technology together with agricultural management could achieve the safe utilization of farmland with light-moderate heavy metal pollution. And this could definitely provide technical support for the safety of grain production of China …

Mobile Pyrolysis For Hazardous Fuels Reduction And Biochar Production In Western Forests, Darren Mcavoy, Megan Dettenmaier, Mike Kuhns

The Journal of Extension

Mobile pyrolysis is a novel approach to fuels reduction. In this article, we address the experiences of the Utah Biomass Resources Group in developing mobile pyrolysis technologies and generating the products derived from pyrolysis of woody biomass—biochar, bio-oil, and syngas. We describe development of a mobile pyrolysis platform for biomass conversion demonstration, its use in a series of demonstrations conducted in several western states, and the usefulness of the resulting products. Additionally, we discuss our outreach and communication efforts to date and speculate on the future of the technology.

Louisiana Agriculture Winter, 2018, Lsu Agcenter

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

Director's Report Of Research In Kansas 2017, J. E. Minton

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The 2017 Director’s Report of Research in Kansas includes a list of journal articles, station publications, and other published manuscripts from scientists in our departments, research-extension centers, and associated programs.

Adsorption Of Anionic And Cationic Dyes On Biochars, Produced By Hydrothermalcarbonization Of Waste Biomass: Effect Of Surface Functionalization And Ionicstrength, Ezgi̇ Çağlar, Yusuf Osman Donar, Ali̇ Sinağ, İbrahi̇m Bi̇roğul, Selva Bi̇lge, Kivanç Aydincak, Oleksii Pliekhov

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

In this work, surface-functionalization agents and various salts as auxiliaries were used to improve the adsorption capacity of biochars produced via hydrothermal carbonization of glucose, cellulose, and hazelnut shell. The effect of surface functionalization with different acids and bases as well as neutral salts on the adsorption of methylene blue and methyl orange was investigated using Boehm titration, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. Surface functionalization of biochars leads to an increase in the number of oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface, thus increasing the adsorption capacity. To probe the influence of ionic strength on the adsorption …