Digital Commons Network^™

Overview Of Physical Studies Of Bulk Water In Biopolymers, Wm. Negendank

Scanning Microscopy

The Symposium of which this paper is a part, "The State Of Water In The Cell", examines evidence which indicates that the bulk water of the cell has physical properties that are different from those of free water in a dilute aqueous solution. The heterogeneity of environments of water within cells makes direct application of physical studies difficult. However, the major physiologic effect of an ordered state of bulk cell water is solute exclusion, and this is also demonstrated by simple polymer solutions. Such systems have provided an opportunity to show that such water has motional correlation times within an …

Fibroblast And Epidermal Cell-Type I Collagen Interactions: Cell Culture And Human Studies, Charles J. Doillon, Frederick H. Silver, Robert M. Olson, Chandrakala Y. Kamath, Richard A. Berg

Scanning Microscopy

Fibroblast and epidermal cell-type I collagen sponge interactions were studied in cell culture as well as in humans. In cell culture, fibroblasts were observed to migrate and proliferate throughout a type I collagen sponge containing either hyaluronic acid (HA) or fibronectin (FN). Fibroblasts accumulated in the center of the pores in sponges containing HA and appeared to surround themselves with newly synthesized extracellular matrix. In sponges containing FN, fibroblasts attached to and elongated along the collagen fibers of the sponge. In the absence of FN or HA protein synthesis of fibroblasts appeared to be inhibited by the presence of the …

The Role Of Scanning Electron Microscopy In Periodontal Research, A. Carrassi, S. Abati, G. Santarelli

Scanning Microscopy

During recent years a great amount of research has led to a better understanding of the etiology, pathogenesis and pattern of progression of periodontal diseases. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has contributed to this improvement, mainly with respect to histology of periodontal tissues, the description of the morphology and distribution of bacteria on the exposed root surface, analysis of the host-parasite interactions on the gingival pocket wall, and morphological evaluation of root treatment. This review deals with all these topics. Unusual types of SEM research are also described and discussed. Uncommon sample preparation techniques for SEM in periodontal research are described. …

The Cell Water Problem Posed By Electron Microscopic Studies Of Ion Binding In Muscle, L. Edelmann

Scanning Microscopy

The question whether cell K⁺ is free or bound in the striated frog muscle has been investigated during the last 10 years by different cryomethods and electron microscopy. The results support the view that most of cellular ions are osmotically inactive and that therefore the observed cell water activity must be explained by a model which assumes a specific cell water structure. According to the association-induction hypothesis, cell water is influenced by macromolecules and has low solubilities for Na⁺ and other solutes which therefore are partly excluded from cellular water. Autoradiography of frozen hydrated Na⁺ loaded muscles …

Microvascular Casting Of The Lung: Vascular Lavage, Dean E. Schraufnagel, Aloisia Schmid

Scanning Microscopy

Corrosion casting is an important tool for the study of microvascular structure, but unlike tissue preparation for light and electron microscopy, few controlled studies of the methods for preparation of microvascular casts for scanning electron microscopy have been reported. Most vascular casting begins with rinsing cells from the lumen of the blood vessels, but the necessity of this has not been shown. Because of a report of successful casting without rinsing and light microscopic evidence of edema with complete rinsing prior to casting, this preparation procedure was examined. Casts of lung vasculature that were thoroughly rinsed were compared to those …

Front Matter, Elephant Editors

Elephant

No abstract provided.

A Review Of Methodology And Quantification In Dental Microwear Analysis, K. D. Gordon

Scanning Microscopy

Dental microwear analysis is a method of inferring oral events (primarily food processing and aspects of masticatory biomechanics) from microscopic abrasion patterns retained on the enamel surfaces of teeth. Although some qualitative pattern differences may be easily distinguishable, most of the significant results produced thus far have derived from quantified studies of SEM images of occlusal enamel. It often goes unnoticed by readers of microwear reports who are not themselves specialists that microwear analysis is essentially a statistical method, not a visual one. In this review of current techniques and methods, several problems in current approaches are detailed. It is …

Industrial Applications Of Auger Surface Analysis, R. E. Chase, G. S. Cole

Scanning Microscopy

Scanning Auger microscopy is distinguished by its unique combination of surface selectivity, high spatial resolution, ease of identifying elements and quantifying composition, and ability to distinguish between chemical states. This paper describes several applications of scanning Auger microscopy, emphasizing the range of industrial research activities:

1. Electronic Materials. Contamination in an integrated circuit processing facility was identified and procedures for its removal determined. Causes for the delamination of printed circuit board foils were identified. Superlattice films were characterized and the deposition process evaluated.

2. Tribology. Analysis of surfaces in lubricated sliding contact revealed the effects of con tact kinematics and …

A Review Of Dental Microwear And Diet In Modern Mammals, Mark F. Teaford

Scanning Microscopy

Recent work has shown that microscopic wear patterns on teeth may yield insights into variations in diet and tooth use in modern and prehistoric mammals. This paper presents a review of dental microwear and diet in modern mammals, plus a discussion of topics for further research. To date, incisor and molar microwear have been examined, although there are far fewer studies of the former. Facilitated by the use of high-resolution casts and scanning electron microscopy, analyses have ranged from: qualitative to quantitative, low magnification to high magnification, and experimental studies to comparative studies of museum collections. Results are encouraging and …

Microanalytical And Micromorphological Investigations Of High Temperature Materials With And Without Protective Coatings, Volker Thien, W. Voss

Scanning Microscopy

The phenomenon "High Temperature Corrosion" (HTC) is described; three different types (pure oxidation, high temperature hot corrosion, low temperature hot corrosion) are defined. HTC is demonstrated taking gas turbine blades as an example. The results of laboratory HTC tests under defined conditions were compared with those of long time engine experience; the agreement is very satisfactory.

Metallurgical investigations with scanning electron microscopy and EDX-/WDX-analytical techniques gave explanations for the behaviour of protective coatings . The corrosion mechanism of a NiCrAlY-plasma spray coating is explained as consequence of Cr- and Al-oxidation. A special analytical technique - the "integral layer profile analysis" …

Preparation Of Biological Samples For Transmission X-Ray Microanalysis: A Review Of Alternative Procedures To The Use Of Sectioned Material, D. C. Sigee

Scanning Microscopy

Although transmission X-ray microanalysis of biological material has traditionally been carried out mainly on sectioned preparations, a number of alternative procedures exist. These are considered under three major headings - whole cell preparations, analysis of cell homogenates and biological fluids, and applications of the technique to microsamples of purified biochemicals. These three aspects provide a continuous range of investigative level - from the cellular to the molecular.

The use of X-ray microanalysis with whole cell preparations is considered in reference to eukaryote (animal) cells and prokaryotes - where it has particular potential in environmental studies on bacteria. In the case …

Influence Of Phosphorus And Sulphur Segregation On Stress Relief Cracking, H. Horn, T. Pintat, V. Schlett, H. Weiss

Scanning Microscopy

Three commercial weldable fine grained structural steels and four experimental melts with lowered contents of trace elements were subjected to a welding simulation treatment followed by stress relaxation (SR) tests. After testing times of up to 8 hours the samples were removed from the testing rig, broken in the fracture stage of an Auger instrument, and the fracture surface was examined in situ for segregation of elements. SEM investigations of the fracture surfaces and light microscope served to characterize fracture mode and microstructure.

The microfractural appearance of the grain boundaries exposed by the impact loading in the Auger instrument and …

Processing Of Scanning Electron Microscope Images On Basis Of Fast Fourier-Transformation, A. Yu. Sasov, A. A. Shanyavsky

Scanning Microscopy

The solar cell as a combined substrate and detector was used for automated SEM-image analysis. It was noted that an image processing system was created and its operational features are shown in some typical applications. The step size of the fatigue striations was found. The obtained value of the step corresponds to the formula with an accuracy of about 1 per cent. Quantum-mechanical constant of material fracture for aluminum alloys was found to be 𝛥 = 0.22. Two-dimensional periodic analysis was applied to fracture surfaces and a microchannel plate. The integral characteristics of microstructure was determined quantitatively.

“The Poor People Had Suddenly Become Rich” A Boom In Maine Wheat, 1793-1815, Jamie H. Eves

Maine History

The article discusses the important role played in the surreptitious trade in wheat to the British Empire during the Napoleonic Wars. Its European supplies choked off by tariffs and embargoes, Britain turned to Ireland and to the United States for grain.

Number 17 (December 1987), Southern Fishes Council

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

(December 1987) - Morphometric and Meristic Characteristics of a Peripheral Population of Enneacanthus. By M.S. Peterson and S.T. Ross, 4 pp.

Ecology of the Muscadine Darter, Percina sp. of. P. macrocephala, in the Tallapoosa River, Alabama, with Comments on Related Species. By W. Wieland and J.S. Ramsey, 7 pp. plus News Notes.

Morphometric And Meristic Characteristics Of A Peripheral Population Of Enneacanthus, Mark S. Peterson, Stephen T. Ross

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Ecology Of The Muscadine Darter, Percina Sp. Cf. P. Macrocephala, In The Tallapoosa River, Alabama, With Comments On Related Species, Werner Wieland, John S. Ramsey

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Regional Sfc Reports, Southeastern Fishes Council

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

News Notes, Southeastern Fishes Council

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Business Meeting Minutes, Southeastern Fishes Council

Southeastern Fishes Council Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Front Matter

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Aspects Of Endocrinology, Michael Kleerekoper, Raymond C. Mellinger

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Hypothalamic Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism In An Adolescent Male: A Rare Manifestation Of Aqueductal Stenosis, Robert J. Wilson, Max Wisgerhof

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Pituitary Metastasis: Lung Cancer Presenting As Bitemporal Hemianopsia With Diabetes Insipidus And Anterior Pituitary Deficiency, A. Keith Cryar, Jay Morgan, Jack P. Rock, Max Wisgerhof

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

Symptoms and signs of pituitary disease are rarely the first manifestations of malignancy originating in another organ. We present a case which exemplifies the key points that suggest a diagnosis of metastatic pituitary disease. Our patient's diagnosis was adenocarcinoma of the lung with a metastasis to the intrasellar and suprasellar regions, which caused diabetes insipidus, anterior pituitary deficiency, and visual field defects. The metastasis had a dumbbell appearance and extended from the sella turcica into the suprasellar region. Diabetes insipidus was the initial clinical manifestation of lung cancer in this patient. A metastasis to the pituitary should be suspected if …

Naltrexone Does Not Affect Adrenal Steroidogenesis In Women With Hirsutism/Oligomenorrhea, Jeffrey A. Jackson, Thomas J. Wincek, Jose F. Pliego

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

We studied the effects of the oral opiate receptor antagonist naltrexone on basal and ACTH-stimulated adrenal steroid levels in six women with hirsutism/oligomenorrhea and preexisting elevation of serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate. One of the six patients met the criteria for partial 3-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency. No statistical differences were detected in steroid levels or ratios before and after 14 days of 50 mg/day of naltrexone. Thus, we find no support for the hypothesis that opioid peptides acting through opiate receptors (predominantly μ subtype) modulate the abnormal adrenal androgen secretion seen in these women with hirsutism/oligomenorrhea.

Pregnancy Following Sequential Bromocriptine Therapy In A Hyperprolactinemic Subject, Malachi J. Mckenna, M. Saeed-Uz-Zafar, Raymond C. Mellinger

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

Regular menses were maintained in a 26-year-old woman with a prolactinoma by sequential bromocriptine therapy given for either five or 14 days of the menstrual cycle. She conceived promptly when desired.

Prolonged Remission Of Cushing's Disease Following Bromocriptine Therapy, Malachi J. Mckenna, Marc Linares, Raymond C. Mellinger

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

A 33-year-old woman developed hypercorticism of fulminant onset following delivery of a full-term, normal child. An ectopic hormone-producing neoplasm was excluded by extensive studies. Pituitary dependent hypercorticism of intermediate lobe origin was suggested on the basis of onset following pregnancy, failure of Cortisol suppression by high-dose dexamethasone, hyperresponsiveness of prolactin to thyrotropin-releasing hormone stimulation, and reduction in adrenocorticotropin titers following oral administration of bromocriptine. Initial remission of disease achieved with bromocriptine was followed by recurrence on discontinuation of the agent. However, complete remission which occurred following a prolonged course of bromocriptine has persisted for a total of 22 months.

Hyperthyroidism Due To A Thyrotropin-Secreting Pituitary Microadenoma, Jeffrey A. Jackson, Mitchell Smigiel, John F. Green Jr.

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

A 52-year-old man presented with elevated thyroid hormone levels and an inappropriately normal serum thyrotropin (TSH) (4.0 μU/mL: normal 0.5 to 6.0 μU/mL). Computed tomography suggested an intrasellar mass without radiographic sellar enlargement. Serum alpha-subunit was elevated with flat responses of both alpha-subunit and TSH to thyrotropin-releasing hormone. Transsphenoidal adenomectomy resulted in clinical and biochemical cure with subsequent development of hypothyroidism with otherwise preserved anterior pituitary function. Pathologic studies demonstrated an 8 mm typical thyrotroph cell adenoma. Early diagnosis of such tumors requires a high index of clinical suspicion and may be facilitated in the future by utilization of highly …

Comparison Of Four High-Sensitivity Immunoradiometric Assays For Thyrotropin And Results Of Preliminary Clinical Studies, Malachi J. Mckenna, Earl Goad, Mohini Pimputkar, Carolyn S. Feldkamp

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

New immunoradiometric assays (IRMAs) that detect low concentrations of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) have recently become available for routine diagnostic use. These new assays have the putative advantage over conventional radioimmunoassay in that they can distinguish hyperthyroidism from euthyroidism by the finding of a serum TSH below the normal limit. In the present study we sought to evaluate four of these kits according to analytical performance characteristics and clinical utility. All IRM As could detect TSH at a concentration substantially below the lower limit of normal and thus effectively identify hyperthyroid samples. Although differences in the performance characteristics were found, all …

Primary Hyperparathyroidism And Associated Neoplasms, Angelos A. Kambouris, Mohammed R. Ansari, Gary B. Talpos

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

No abstract provided.