Digital Commons Network^™

Herbaceous Tropical Legume Integration Into Small-Holder Crop-Livestock Systems In Eastern Indonesia: Results Of 10-Years Of Multi-Disciplinary Systems Research, L. W. Bell, D. Mayberry, K. Cox, S. Traill, J. Nulik, E. J. Hosang, D. Kana Hau

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Integration a forage legume into crop-livestock systems of Eastern Indonesia was tested to establish the capacity to improve nitrogen supply and yields of staple cereal crops (maize and rice) and allow for intensification of beef production to ultimately increase farm income and alleviate rural poverty in the region. Species evaluation sites across a diversity of environments showed Clitoria ternatea (butterfly pea) to be the most resilient and adaptable forage legume for use in association with cropping systems. Crop rotation experiments demonstrated that legumes grown in rotation with maize or rice can increase grain yields by 50% where legume was cut …

Economics And Other Factors Affecting The Adoption Of Novel Endophyte Technology, M. H. Poore, J. Horner

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Endophyte infected tall fescue impacts cattle and other livestock across vast regions of the world. Toxicosis from wild type endophyte is widespread in regions where toxic tall fescue is the base perennial forage. The Alliance for Grassland Renewal was founded to address this complex issue and to facilitate appropriate adoption of Novel Endophyte Tall Fescue, the only potentially 100% effective remedy for fescue toxicosis. A poor understanding of the Cost/Benefit ratio of renovating pasture is one of the main reason farmers give for not renovating tall fescue pastures. An Excel-based spreadsheet tool was developed by University of Missouri Extension to …

The Future Of Clovers In Forage Systems And As Cover Crops, J. H. Bouton, John R. Caradus

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Clovers (Trifolium spp.) are the most widely used genera of legumes in forage systems, although only a limited number of the hundreds of perennial and annual species are commercially available. The number of varieties available within each of the main commercial species can be high and demonstrates past breeding achievements. Success relates to any clover’s ability to persist in mixtures with other forage species, across a range of soil types, management systems, and climates, while providing animal nutrition and biologically fixed nitrogen benefits. Uses range from traditional pasture mixtures with grasses to inclusion in multi-species mixtures, and as cover …

Evaluating The Economic And Environmental Sustainability Of Integrated Farming Systems, C. A. Rotz, M. A. Sanderson, M. Wachendorf, F. Taube

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Economic and environmental sustainability has become a major concern for forage-based animal production in Europe, North America and other parts of the world. Development of more sustainable farming systems requires an assimilation of experimental and modelling research. Field research is critical for supporting the development and evaluation of models, and modelling is needed to integrate farm components for predicting the long-term effects and interactions resulting from farm management changes. Experimentally supported simulation provides a tool for evaluating and comparing farming strategies and predicting their effect on the watershed, region and beyond.

The Economic Benefit Of Increased Yield And Digestibility In A Perennial C4 Grass, R. Mitchell, K. P. Vogel, G. Sarath

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman) is a perennial C₄ grass native to the North American tallgrass prairie (Weaver, 1954). It provides productive, high quality forage during late spring and summer in the Great Plains, USA (Mitchell et al., 1994). Increasing forage yield and digestibility can increase livestock performance and grassland profitability (Casler & Vogel, 1999). This study aimed to compare the economic value of 2 big bluestem strains developed by 3 generations of breeding for increased forage yield and digestibility with the base populations from which they were derived.

The Effect Of Television Advertising On Gambling Behaviour: A Quasi-Experimental Study During The 2022 Qatar Fifa World Cup, Ellen Mcgrane, Rob Pryce, Matt Field, Elizabeth Goyder, Luke Wilson

International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking

Abstract

Introduction:

The pervasiveness of gambling advertising and its relationship with football have been identified as areas of concern in the UK. Following the liberalisation of advertising laws in the 2005 Gambling Act, there has been increasing recognition of its public health impact. To date, there is a lack of evidence of the impact of advertising on behaviour in “real-world” settings.

Methods:

This study employs a natural experiment measuring the impact of television gambling advertising on the frequency of impulsive football bets placed during the World Cup. Longitudinal betting data collected from a sample of men (aged 18-45) will be …

America Without A Minimum Wage: Why The Federal Minimum Wage Should Be Abolished, Zachary Cary

Helm's School of Government Conference - American Revival: Citizenship & Virtue

Minimum wage policy may be the greatest economic policy issue where the common man has a strong opinion. Nearly every person has a view of how minimum wage policy should be enacted, whether it be in raising the federal minimum wage, changing the scope of authority in the federal government, or another policy. However, in discussing any kind of policy, the key details of the policy must be discussed in the framework of both how it would be affected and how it would impact its stakeholders. In this policy analysis, the Iron Triangle of Public Policy – the key executive …

Economic Comparison Of Pasture Based Lamb Production Systems In Southern Australia, A. J. Kennedy, A. N. Thompson

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Lamb production enterprises in southern Australia utilise a pasture base as their primary nutrition source due to its low cost. Holmes Sackett & Associates (2003) identified that increasing total lamb weight per hectare by increasing ewe stocking rate, animal genetic potential and weaning percentage can increase enterprise profitability. The limitation of these enterprises is the seasonal and geographic variations impeding pasture production and quality. The 'MoreLamb Quality Pasture' project is demonstrating the benefits of mixing high performing grass, legume and herb species to extend the pasture-growing season and increase pasture quality. Key economic indicators of three pasture systems and commercial …

Decriminalization: An Effective Way To Reduce Overdose Deaths?, Ryan Humeniuk

Student Research and Creative Activity Expo

I will use CDC data to examine the effect of drug decriminalization on overdose deaths between states.

Stocking Rate Theory And Profit Drivers In North Australian Rangeland Grazing Enterprises, Neil D. Macleod, A. J. Ash, John G. Mcivor

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Setting correct stock numbers is a key decision for successful pastoralism. In marginal environments, typified by northern Australia, this involves careful cattle herd management across landscapes and seasons characterised by heterogeneous land condition and extreme climatic uncertainty. Stocking rate theory which links animal production to stocking rates concentrates only on liveweight gain of sale animals and ignores complex herd (e.g. reproduction, mortality) and pasture dynamics (e.g. land condition) and costs of maintaining stock numbers (e.g. supplementary feeding). Related economic models are generally naïve and incomplete, being based on liveweight gain, meat prices and variable husbandry costs (e.g. Workman, 1986). Modelling …

Hemp-Lime Insulation: A Climate Friendly Building Material, Ginger Rose Jensen

Student Research Symposium

It is critical to reduce greenhouse gas from the atmosphere to reduce the impacts of climate change. Oregon’s Climate Action Plan has established goals to reduce emissions by developing ‘Clean Buildings’ and increasing the CO₂ sequestered by the state's ‘Natural and Working Lands’. Carbon negative construction materials like hemp-lime insulation could contribute to both goals.

Hemp-lime is a non-structural insulation material made from crushed hemp hurd, a lime-based binder, and water. It is non-toxic and versatile alternative to traditional insulation materials. Hemp-lime was submitted to be added to the International Residential Codes (IRC) index in 2022. IRC approval would …

Centering Farmers’ Perspectives In Assessing The Resilience Of Food Farming In Rapidly Urbanizing Regions, Jude Wait

Urban Ecosystem Research Consortium of Portland/Vancouver

Alarmed by farmland conversion, growing food insecurity, and increasingly threatened resources, multi-stakeholder groups endeavor to improve access to fresh food and protect farmland’s multiple community benefits. To inform the allocation of scarce resources needed to sustain local food production, this transdisciplinary action research investigated farm-level resilience within a fragmented county context. What will be needed to retain and enhance local food production capacity for the long term? Iterative analytical approaches utilized multiple data sources framed by agroecological resilience principles. Immersion in the local food movement, as a researcher, consumer, educator, and farmer advocate, offered ample participant observation opportunities across the …

Which System Works For Capitalism?: An Analysis Of Supply Side And Demand Side Economics Tax Policy, Collin Nissley

Capstone Showcase

There are two economic theories that dominate tax policy in American law. Demand-side economics and supply-side economics offer contrasting explanations for economic growth, and offer separate methods to improve the economic climate in America. Tax rates and government involvement in the economy are two main points of contention between these two theories. Through the method of pattern matching, I conduct an analysis of several major policy changes through the years from President Ford to President George W. Bush, and analyze empirical data to match it to the claims of theoretical predictions. My findings show that through a balance of both …

Deforestation For Pasture Development – Has It Been Worth It?, W. H. Burrows

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Differing scenarios leading to deforestation for pasture development in savanna (woodland) and closed forest communities in the tropics – sub-tropics are compared and contrasted. Australian and Brazilian examples are highlighted. No simple answer is given to the question of whether deforestation for pasture development has been worth it, since both commercial and non-commercial values have equal validity and need to be taken into account. These issues are addressed in the context of land assigned by governments for agricultural purposes. It is concluded that technology and ecological understanding are now available to maintain sustainable production from converted forest systems. However emphasis …

Contract Grazing Of Young Beef Cattle On Ryegrass In The Southeastern Usa, David I. Bransby

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

The objective of this study was to evaluate contract grazing (in which the landowner grazes cattle owned by someone else for a specified fee) as an alternative to traditional ownership of the cattle, in order to improve profitability of grazing young beef cattle on annual ryegrass under limited availability of operating capital in the southeastern USA. Production data from a two-year grazing experiment were used as a basis for an economic analysis which assumed market prices for the beef industry in the region. Return/ha over animal and pasture costs was $312.20 for contract grazing, and $477.50 for purchased cattle. However, …

Exploring Optimal Lockdown Policies During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Cameron Bundy

Symposium Of University Research and Creative Expression (SOURCE)

COVID-19 has impacted public and economic health worldwide. To bolster the economy and maintain human life, economic and epidemiological research is vital. Nations have implemented lockdowns intent on slowing the spread of the virus. This research examines how lockdown parameter adjustments can help control a nations fatalities. The study incorporated an SIRD disease model that is simulated over a 200 day period. The goal of the research is to take the SIRD model and use it to create a minimization function that analyzes dynamics that best produce minimal loss of GDP as well as low loss of life in a …

An Economic Assessment Of Cattle Raising Enterprises In The Red Soils Region Of China, Neil D. Macleod, Shilin Wen

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Multiple Use Management On Canadian Publicly Managed Rangeland, B. Kirychuk, R. Gaube, S. Kushreshtha, G. Pearson

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

The Application Of Farming System Models To The Problem Of Sustainable Grasslands Management In Northern China And Australia, Randall Jones, D. Michalk, David R. Kemp, J. P. Wu, T. Takahashi, Z. F. Ma, G. Millar

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Handing Over The Reins—The Changing Relationship Between People And Policy In The South Australian Rangelands, Paul Erkelenz, Meredith Tothill

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Securing The Environmental Services Of Mobile Pastoralism: Policy And Investment Options, Jonathan Davies

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

An Analysis Of College Graduation Rates, Daniel Johnson

Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement

Not only is an institution’s graduation rate closely looked at by prospective students, it also can have an impact on the amount of public funding the school receives. Because of this, institutions are always looking for ways to improve the rate at which their students graduate. The purpose of this presentation is to estimate a model that will evaluate which factors have the greatest effect on graduation rates among private, baccalaureate institutions in the United States. The explanatory variables will be grouped into three categories: cohort characteristics, institutional characteristics, and institutional actions. Using panel data, the effects of each of …

Does Income Inequality Affect Import Demand In The U.S.?, Payton Person

Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement

In this paper, we estimate a time-series import demand model for the United States over the years 1970-2019. The dependent variable is real imports of goods and services. The explanatory variables are real GDP, the relative price of imports, and income inequality as measured by the Gini coefficient. We find no statistical evidence that income inequality affects U.S. import demand.

Stroke Play: The Effect Of Strokes Gained & Traditional Golf Measurements On Pga Tour Golfers’ Performance, Max Bonda

Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement

This study estimates the qualitative and quantitative effect of strokes gained on PGA Tour golfers’ performance. This performance is measured as the percentage of the total purse won at PGA Tour events for golfers making the cut. A cross-section model for 2,511 golfers across 33 tournaments in the 2018-2019 season is employed. The explanatory variables are the four strokes-gained measures: strokes gained off-the-tee (OTT), approach-to-the-green (APP), around-the-green (ARG), and putting (PUTT). The empirical results suggest that all four measures contribute to performance, with APP having the largest quantitative effect. Additionally, strokes gained explains more of golfers’ performance than traditional golf …

Disaggregated Phillips Curve Regression, Deric Wagner

Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement

This project estimates the Phillips curve using disaggregated US data. The panel model for this project was created using relative unemployment rates and metropolitan regional price parities for all items (RPP) for each state from 2008-2018. The relative unemployment rate was created for each state by taking the state level of unemployment and dividing it by the US national unemployment rate. The metropolitan price parity was created by taking the Consumer Price Index (CPI) for all metropolitan areas in a state and a dividing it by the US national CPI for all metropolitan areas in the US. The dependent variable …

Light Rail Transportation And Its Impact On Home Values, Eldon Long

Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement

This study seeks to understand the implications on home values due to proximity to light rail transportation. My research utilizes 150 single-family home sales occurring during the month of September 2020 in Tempe, AZ. The sale prices and home characteristics were collected from Zillow.com. Data for the distance between the home and light rail line were collected using the distance between the home's address and the nearest light rail station. The results of this study found a decrease in the value of homes that are located within 3 miles of light rail transportation.

Estimation Of A Tourism Demand Function For Aotearoa (New Zealand), Connor Ashmun

Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement

I estimate a tourism demand function for New Zealand using time series data from 1979 to 2019. The dependent variable is the sum of tourist visits from residents in the U.S., Australia, and China. The explanatory variables include the tourist-share-weighted exchange rate, tourist-share-weighted real GDP per capita for these countries, and the New Zealand Consumer Price Index. I also include dummy variables for the years 2007-2009 to control for the financial crisis and for years following the filming of the Lord of the Rings/Hobbit trilogies in New Zealand. The coefficients for all explanatory variables have their expected signs; all but …

Reproductive Policies And Female Labor Force Participation, Kylee Simdorn

Linfield University Student Symposium: A Celebration of Scholarship and Creative Achievement

In this study, a time-series analysis has been conducted over the years 1960-2017 to examine the effects of the Pregnancy Discrimination Act and Roe v. Wade on the U.S. female labor force participation rate. Explanatory variables include real median annual female earnings, educational attainment of women, and the nation’s unemployment rate. The effects of the Discrimination Act and Roe v. Wade are captured using dummy time variables. Controlling for the fundamental economic drivers of the female labor force participation rate, the results suggest that the implementation of the anti-discrimination act positively impacted the behavior of working women in the United …

The Use Of Once Daily Milking Of Dairy Cows To Achieve Economic And Social Sustainability On New Zealand Dairy Farms, David A. Clark, Dawn E. Dalley

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Sustainable Stocking Strategies Are Profitable In Managing For Climate Variability In A North Australian Savanna, Peter O’Reagain, John Bushell

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.