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The Role Of E3 Ligase Parkin In Trafficking Of Monoamine Storage Vesicles In Rat Model Of Methamphetamine Neurotoxicity, Heli Dineshchandra Chauhan
The Role Of E3 Ligase Parkin In Trafficking Of Monoamine Storage Vesicles In Rat Model Of Methamphetamine Neurotoxicity, Heli Dineshchandra Chauhan
Wayne State University Theses
Methamphetamine (METH), a psychostimulant, is a widely used drug of abuse. METH is toxic to dopaminergic (DAergic) and serotonergic (5-HT) nerve terminals in the striatum when administered at high doses. METH releases Dopamine (DA) from vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) containing synaptic vesicles and induces oxidative stress by auto-oxidation of DA. The VMAT2 plays a neurprotective role by sequestering cytoplasmic DA into vesicles for storage and protection from auto-oxidation. It has previously been shown that METH toxicity is associated with impaired VMAT2 trafficking and oxidative damage to the E3 ligase parkin. CDCrel1, a protein found to inhibit exocytosis, is regulated …
Novel Protein Phosphatase 2a Complexes In Skeletal Muscle From Obese Insulin Resistant Human Participants, Divyasri Damacharla
Novel Protein Phosphatase 2a Complexes In Skeletal Muscle From Obese Insulin Resistant Human Participants, Divyasri Damacharla
Wayne State University Theses
Type 2 Diabetes is a metabolic disorder associated with insulin resistance and consequent high blood glucose levels. Maximum glucose disposal takes place in skeletal muscle and studying skeletal muscle insulin resistance is crucial. Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is one of the major serine/threonine phosphatases belonging to PhosphoProteinPhosphatase (PPP) family. It constitutes about 80% of all serine/threonine phosphatases. It is regulated by numerous regulatory subunits as well as other substrate molecules and post translational modifications. This alters their localization, activity and also its target molecules. Many evidences show the effect of insulin on PP2Ac and its abnormal regulation in conditions of …
Desensitization Of Hacat Keratinocytes To Vitamin D3 Occurs Via Loss Of Redd1 Regulation Of The Mtor Pathway, Michelle Leigh Jones
Desensitization Of Hacat Keratinocytes To Vitamin D3 Occurs Via Loss Of Redd1 Regulation Of The Mtor Pathway, Michelle Leigh Jones
Wayne State University Theses
Vitamin D3 treatment has long been considered in the treatment of cancer due to its well-documented anti-proliferative effects in vitro. While clinical studies have been positive in other cancers, results are inconclusive in cases of basal cell carcinoma. To better understand the reasons underlying this disconnect, this study employs an immortalized human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) to observe the effects of vitamin D3 treatment on cellular proliferation. The results show that both activate vitamin D3 (calcitriol) and its precursor (cholecalciferol) increase proliferation of these cells. Real-time PCR and western blot data indicate that the mTOR pathway becomes activated despite increased …
"By Any Means, Fair Or Foul": The Tactics Of Britain And Germany In Colonial Southern Africa, David James Moore
"By Any Means, Fair Or Foul": The Tactics Of Britain And Germany In Colonial Southern Africa, David James Moore
Wayne State University Theses
This thesis investigates the use of noncombatant-focused tactics by European colonial powers through the comparison of two specific instances of colonial conflict in southern Africa at the turn of the twentieth century: the Anglo-Boer War in South Africa and the series of conflicts commonly referred to as the Herero Wars in German Southwest Africa. It maintains that the propensity for meaningful shifts in the treatment of noncombatants depended greatly on the nature of the victims (i.e., whites of European descent, as opposed to native Africans) and the prevailing viewpoints on their roles in the respective colonial societies. Moreover, it argues …
Similarities And Differences Between Heterosexual And Homosexual Couples Based On Marq Data, Kraig S. Shattuck
Similarities And Differences Between Heterosexual And Homosexual Couples Based On Marq Data, Kraig S. Shattuck
Wayne State University Theses
There has been a lack of comparative research on homosexual couples, comparing them to heterosexual couples, which is also grounded in solid theory. In order to remedy this, evolutionary theory is used to make predictions on similarities and differences between heterosexual and homosexual couples within three domains, relationship satisfaction, jealousy, and mate guarding. It was predicted that 1) homosexual couples would not differ from heterosexual couples in relationship satisfaction; 2) some gender differences relating to jealousy would be the same and some would be reversed in homosexual individuals; 3) mate guarding would be present, but lower, in homosexual individuals as …
Comparison Of Lazy Controller And Constant Bandwidth Server For Temperature Control, Zhen Sun
Comparison Of Lazy Controller And Constant Bandwidth Server For Temperature Control, Zhen Sun
Wayne State University Theses
Temperature control plays an important role in building control systems; there are
numerous methods for controlling temperature. Recently, a popular controller is the
lazy controller which proposed by Truong et al. However, by applying lazy control, the
temperature is not stable since this controller simply lets temperature increase or decrease
until it reaches the upper or lower temperature thresholds. We seek a heater-control
schedule that can make room temperatures more stable. The Constant Bandwidth Server
(CBS) was developed to handle soft real-time tasks characterized by the execution time
and period. By employing the concepts of CBS, we can derive a …
Inference Of Hydrogeological Conditions And Source History Of Groundwater Contaminants Using 3-D Modeling And Human Health Risk Assessment, Mary Rosanna Carnagie
Inference Of Hydrogeological Conditions And Source History Of Groundwater Contaminants Using 3-D Modeling And Human Health Risk Assessment, Mary Rosanna Carnagie
Wayne State University Theses
This study was completed using data interpolation and human health risk modules in Spatial Analysis and Decision Assistance (SADA) software to model a 3-D time-series of 1,4-dioxane and vinyl chloride plumes and their associated health risks to infer hydrogeological conditions at the Ann Arbor Landfill site. Ordinary kriging estimates of contaminant distribution and human health risk distribution provide insight to groundwater flow direction, hydraulic conductivity distribution, and source history of contaminants at sites with groundwater contamination in a glacial aquifer system. More studies with larger datasets in glacial aquifer systems are necessary to prove these correlations, but this thesis illustrates …
Detection Of Beneficial Microbiota In Mouse Colon, Aranya Linpisanl
Detection Of Beneficial Microbiota In Mouse Colon, Aranya Linpisanl
Wayne State University Theses
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and Bifidobacterium are the most common types of microbes used as probiotics. They are present in the human gastrointestinal tract and have a significant influence on our health and well-being. Microbiota plays an important role in host metabolism and provides a natural defense mechanism against invading pathogens. This experiment was focusing on establish a method to detect the gastrointestinal tract microbiota, either by fecal or colonic tissue DNA extraction.
The experiment comparing 2 types of DNA extraction; ZR Fecal kit and DNAzol direct. DNAzol direct was easy to use but was not suitable for long term …
Stress Exposure, Secure Base Scriptedness, Psychosocial Needs Satisfaction And Behavioral Problems Among At-Risk Urban Adolescents, Kelsey Sala-Hamrick
Stress Exposure, Secure Base Scriptedness, Psychosocial Needs Satisfaction And Behavioral Problems Among At-Risk Urban Adolescents, Kelsey Sala-Hamrick
Wayne State University Theses
The adolescent period of development is associated with increases in internalizing, externalizing, and other problem behaviors which are thought to be exacerbated by cumulative risk factors associated with environmental disadvantage. Previous research has demonstrated the associations between both secure attachment and psychosocial needs satisfaction with decreases in behavior problems; however, few studies have examined the relative effects of environmental stress exposure, attachment security and psychosocial needs satisfaction on adolescent behavioral problems. Therefore, this study recruited 106 environmentally at-risk, socioeconomically disadvantaged sample of urban adolescents and their caregivers from Detroit, MI in order to: (1) describe the levels of environmental disadvantage …
Development Of A Human Heart Rate And Skin Temeprature Monitoring System, Giribabu Sinnapolu
Development Of A Human Heart Rate And Skin Temeprature Monitoring System, Giribabu Sinnapolu
Wayne State University Theses
Continuous heart rate monitors (CHRM) can give unique insights into a person's physiological and psychological state; however, existing CHRMs are not suitable for continuous monitoring because they do not provide beat-to-beat accuracy and comfort needed for all-day use. Our group is currently developing a miniature earlobe mounted CHRM system which is both comfortable and provides beat-to-beat accuracy, based on a miniature heart rate sensing technology developed previously in our lab. The objective of this thesis is to design low power system firmware to perform key tasks: i) acquire heart rate and skin temperature data from wearable sensors; ii) signal process …
Novel Pulsatile Cardiac Assist Pump, Lakshmi Mohanadas
Novel Pulsatile Cardiac Assist Pump, Lakshmi Mohanadas
Wayne State University Theses
The project involve the research and development of a pulsatile, complex or continuous flow in biological and non-biological systems implantable heart assist pump. Specifically as a 20% cardiac assist for persons from congestive heart failure and other cardiac abnormalities. The pulsatile cardiac assist pump would provide upto 20% of the blood pumping process from the venous supply to the arterial supply. Current pumps are largely complete bypass pumps or large volume pumps that produce significant long term blood cell damage resulting in thrombosis. Most are not pulsatile which offers a significant physiological advantage. The pump under development is designed to …
Programmable Dna Delivery To Cells Using Bioreducible Layer-By-Layer (Lbl) Polyelectrolyte Thin Films, Maria Muniz
Programmable Dna Delivery To Cells Using Bioreducible Layer-By-Layer (Lbl) Polyelectrolyte Thin Films, Maria Muniz
Wayne State University Theses
Bioreducible, layer-by-layer (LbL) polyelectrolyte films show great promise for use in biomedical implant and gene-delivery applications. These nanometer-scale thin films can easily be coated onto a variety of implantable surfaces or devices. To achieve proof of concept, HEK-293, NIH/3T3, RAW, and MC3T3 cells were transfected using plasmid DNA with the green fluorescent protein reporter gene (GFP-DNA). In order to optimize transfection, a number of polyelectrolytes and biological components were systematically incorporated into the two similar basic LbL structures. Based on our previous degradation assays, it is shown that cellular interactions in vitro can break down the layers of the thin …
Delta-Tocotrienol Downregulates Mmp-9 Expression In Nsclc Cells, Rohini Sri Harshini Pindiprolu
Delta-Tocotrienol Downregulates Mmp-9 Expression In Nsclc Cells, Rohini Sri Harshini Pindiprolu
Wayne State University Theses
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in Unites States. The main types of lung cancer are small cell lung cancer and non small cell lung cancer. NSCLC accounts for about 80% of the cases with less than 15% of patients surviving beyond 5 years. Most common causes of lung cancer are smoking, inhaling asbestos fiber, radon gas, passive smoking, air pollution, familial predisposition, prior history of lung cancer etc. Surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, palliative care are commonly used treatment techniques for lung cancer. Radiation therapy is an important part of lung cancer management. The objective of this …
You Can't Hide Your Lyin' Eyes: The Uses Of Deception In Romantic Relationships, Jaclyn M. Gaule
You Can't Hide Your Lyin' Eyes: The Uses Of Deception In Romantic Relationships, Jaclyn M. Gaule
Wayne State University Theses
A purpose of this study was to further the literature regarding the use of deceptive affection in romantic relationships. This study picks up where previous research left off in that it aimed to identify relational outcomes that may be associated with the use of deceptive affection. This study sought to identify deceptive affectionate behaviors and their role in romantic relationships. Two measures were created; a scale to measure DAMs and a scale to measure WAs, both proved to be reliable. Results from the study provided additional items to be included in the measures going forward. The study did add to …
Evaluation Of An Architectural-Level Approach For Finding Security Vulnerabilities, Mohammad Anamul Haque
Evaluation Of An Architectural-Level Approach For Finding Security Vulnerabilities, Mohammad Anamul Haque
Wayne State University Theses
The cost of security vulnerabilities of a software system is high. As a result,
many techniques have been developed to find the vulnerabilities at development time. Of particular interest are static analysis techniques that can consider all possible executions of a system. But, static analysis can suffer from a large number of false positives.
A recently developed approach, Scoria, is a semi-automated static analysis that requires security architects to annotate the code, typecheck the annotations, extract a hierarchical object graph and write constraints in order to find security vulnerabilities in a system.
This thesis evaluates Scoria on three systems (sizes …
Visibility And Confidence Estimation Of An Onboard-Camera Image For An Intelligent Vehicle, Minglei Huang
Visibility And Confidence Estimation Of An Onboard-Camera Image For An Intelligent Vehicle, Minglei Huang
Wayne State University Theses
More and more drivers nowadays enjoy the convenience brought by advanced driver assistances system (ADAS) including collision detection, lane keeping and ACC. However, many assistant functions are still constrained by weather and terrain. In the way towards automated driving, the need of an automatic condition detector is inevitable, since many solutions only work for certain conditions. When it comes to camera, which is most commonly used tool in lane detection, obstacle detection, visibility estimation is one of such important parameters we need to analyze.
Although many papers have proposed their own ways to estimate visibility range, there is little research …
Contaminants Of Emerging Concern: Effects Of Known Neuroactive Agents, Antibiotics, And Chemically Uncharacterized Photodegredates On Behavior And Physiology Of Daphnia Pulex, Vibhuti Matta
Wayne State University Theses
Emerging contaminants such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), herbicides, pesticides, plasticizers, fire retardants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and other organic waste are increasingly being detected in surface water and ground water. These contaminants can enter into the environment through wastewater treatment plant effluent and agriculture runoff. Many of these emerging contaminants tend to be biologically active at very low concentrations, typically occur in water as part of complex mixtures, and may impact biota at concentrations not detected using traditional toxicity tests (e.g. LC 50 tests).
This study focuses on utilizing novel Daphnid optical bioassays to examine the toxicity …
Protein Ubiquitination In Primary Human Skeletal Muscle Cells Under Hyperinsulinemic Hyperglycemic Conditions, Majed Abdullah Alharbi
Protein Ubiquitination In Primary Human Skeletal Muscle Cells Under Hyperinsulinemic Hyperglycemic Conditions, Majed Abdullah Alharbi
Wayne State University Theses
Ubiquitin proteasome system is a relatively newly discovered pathway for protein degradation. Many studies have successfully pointed out the critical functions that UPS plays in regulating many physiological processes. On the other hand, recent studies suggested that abnormal UPS activities might be involved in the pathophysiology of several disorders including type 2 diabetes. However, the specific changes in UPS during the development of insulin resistance and consequently T2D are still unclear.
UPS is composed of two major steps, a reversible ubiquitin conjugation to the targeted substrate followed by proteasomal degradation of the ubiquitinated proteins. In this study, we examined the …
A Retrospective Cohort Study Of High Prevalence Of St131 Among Extended Spectrum Β-Lactamase Producing E. Coli Among Inpatients In The Metropolitan Detroit Area, Pansy Awasthy
Wayne State University Theses
ABSTRACT
HIGH PREVALENCE OF ST131 AMONG EXTENDED SPECTRUM Β-LACTAMASE PRODUCING E. COLI AMONG INPATIENTS IN THE METROPOLITAN DETROIT AREA
by
PANSY AWSTHY
2015
Advisor: Dr. Emily T. Martin
Major: Pharmaceutical Sciences
Degree: Master of Science
Objectives: E.coli ST131 multi-locus sequence type (MLST) has been associated with extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production, conferring antimicrobial resistance, with increased virulence and with healthcare-associated infection. The high prevalence of multidrug antimicrobial resistance in ESBL-producing ST131 E.coli infections creates unique challenges in the studying patient outcomes and analysis are required to study ST131 E.coli amongst a large population of ESBL-producers. Our objective was to determine …
Isomer Detection Of Radicals Produced By The Flash Pyrolysis Of Heptane And Its Structural Isomers, Steven Lingenfelter
Isomer Detection Of Radicals Produced By The Flash Pyrolysis Of Heptane And Its Structural Isomers, Steven Lingenfelter
Wayne State University Theses
Radicals can play an important role in combustion chemistry as key intermediates. As such studying them is vital in the study of combustion chemistry. Our study focused on the production of the 1 and 2-propyl radical from heptane isomers. Radicals were produced by flash pyrolysis which was achieved by restively heating a silicon carbide tube through which a molecular beam passed. Strong field ionization was utilized to discriminate between the two propyl isomers. Results indicated the expected trend however the signal intensity was quite low with significant noise. Further improvements are needed to improve the quality as well as the …
Survival Analysis Approach For Early Prediction Of Student Dropout, Sattar Ameri
Survival Analysis Approach For Early Prediction Of Student Dropout, Sattar Ameri
Wayne State University Theses
Retention of students at colleges and universities has long been a concern for educators for many decades. The consequences of student attrition are significant for both students, academic staffs and the overall institution. Thus, increasing student retention is a long term goal of any academic institution. The most vulnerable students at all institutions of higher education are the freshman students, who are at the highest risk of dropping out at the beginning of their study. Consequently, the early identification of at-risk students is a crucial task that needs to be addressed precisely. In this thesis, we develop a framework for …
The Effect Of Dietary Folate On Tissue Folate Status, Ghada Aoun
The Effect Of Dietary Folate On Tissue Folate Status, Ghada Aoun
Wayne State University Theses
ABSTRACT
THE EFFECT OF DIETARY FOLATE ON TISSUE FOLATE STATUS.
by
Ghada Aoun
December 2015
Advisor: Dr. Diane Cabelof
Major: Nutrition & Food Science
Degree: Masters of Science
The folates are a family of structurally similar, water soluble, B vitamins that play a crucial role in human health and disease. Folate has an important role in the synthesis of DNA, DNA methylation, and cellular growth. Folate coenzymes function in accepting and donating one-carbon units in the folate metabolic pathway. Folate deficiency impairs DNA synthesis, induces cancer, and causes abnormalities such as neural tube defects and megaloblastic anemia. While scientific research …
Exploring Community Gardening: Motivations And Impacts, Kathleen Marie Gersky
Exploring Community Gardening: Motivations And Impacts, Kathleen Marie Gersky
Wayne State University Theses
Research shows the emergence of community gardens in urban areas serves to address issues such as food scarcity and community cohesion, creating positive implications at the neighborhood and city wide level. However, the research does not adequately address the impact it may have on a micro level in middle-upper class areas, potentially hindering the gardening movement. Understanding community gardens in all socioeconomic settings will be important to the broader sustainable food movement’s current and future success. In this thesis, I ask: what are the motivations and impacts of community gardening? The objectives are to understand how motivations and impacts may …
Acoustic Cues Of Physical Formidability In Cage Fighters, Stefan Mattias-Maria Goetz
Acoustic Cues Of Physical Formidability In Cage Fighters, Stefan Mattias-Maria Goetz
Wayne State University Theses
Across the animal kingdom, the sex that experiences the most reproductive variance tends to evolve sexually dimorphic traits—both behavioral and morphological—which aid in reproduction. Human evolution has been marked by greater male intrasexual selection and as a result, men display a variety of secondary sexual characteristics, putatively serving to enhance biological fitness. Among these, fundamental frequency, closely related to perception of pitch, among men is half that of women. Likewise, monotonicity, that is, variance in pitch across an utterance, is higher in men (i.e., women show greater variance in pitch) while formant dispersion, which gives the voice its timbre, is …
Impacts Of Anthropogenic Watershed Activity On The Sedimentary Record Of Dams From The Midwestern United States: A Case Study From Michigan And Indiana, Jenna Hage-Hassan
Impacts Of Anthropogenic Watershed Activity On The Sedimentary Record Of Dams From The Midwestern United States: A Case Study From Michigan And Indiana, Jenna Hage-Hassan
Wayne State University Theses
Large-scale watershed land use changes, including urbanization, have resulted in accelerated soil erosion and sediment accumulation rates, which in turn have posed a threat to the longevity and productivity of a majority of the aging dams in the mid-western United States. In this study, we collected and analyzed 3 sediment cores each from two dams from the Mid-western United States: Webber Dam in Michigan and Goshen Pond Dam in Indiana. Cores were analyzed for 137Cs and 210Pb to establish chronology, as well as concentrations and isotopic composition of organic carbon and nitrogen to investigate the land use changes as preserved …
Curcumin Attenuates The Effects Of Atherogenic Diet In Aged Male Brown Norway Rats, Vindhyaja Srirajavatsavai
Curcumin Attenuates The Effects Of Atherogenic Diet In Aged Male Brown Norway Rats, Vindhyaja Srirajavatsavai
Wayne State University Theses
ABSTRACT
CURCUMIN ATTENUATES THE EFFECTS OF ATHEROGENIC DIET IN AGED MALE BROWN NORWAY RATS
by
VINDHYAJA SRIRAJAVATSAVAI
DECEMBER 2015
Advisor: Dr. Smiti Gupta
Major: Nutrition and Food Science
Degree: Master of Science
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a universal problem in modern society. Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. Hyperlipidemia further leads to increased oxidation and inflammation. Curcumin has long been used as a spice and food-coloring agent. In experimental animals, curcumin has shown anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic and anti-oxidant properties. In this study, Aged Brown Norway Rats were fed 1 of 3 experimental diets: a …
Neural Correlates Of Episodic Memory Formation In Children And Adults, Lingfei Tang
Neural Correlates Of Episodic Memory Formation In Children And Adults, Lingfei Tang
Wayne State University Theses
The medial temporal lobe (MTL) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) are two key brain regions that support episodic memory formation in both children and adults, but the functional developmental of these regions remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the development of neural correlates of episodic memory formation using functional MRI with a subsequent memory paradigm, administered to a cross-sectional sample of 83 children and adults. We found that MTL subregions showed an age-related increase in activation supporting memory formation of complex scenes. In addition, a functionally defined scene-sensitive region in the posterior MTL also showed similar increase and predicted better …
The Design And Vlsi Implementation Of Digital Arithmatic Processors - A Case Study Of A Generalized Pipeline Cellular Array, Yudi Xie
Wayne State University Theses
A generalized pipeline array appeared in IEEE transaction in 1974. The array appeared in a few textbooks on computer arithmetic. From time to time, a number of papers appeared which reflected the modifications of this array. The objective of this thesis is to present the design and VLSI implementation of this array, which can add, subtract, multiply, divide, square and square root of binary numbers. In this thesis, we suggest a step-by-step procedure by which the design can be sent to MOSIS and to get the fabricated chip back. The array has been extended from 5 rows to 7 rows …
Performance Comparison Of Two Data Mining Algorithms On Big Data Platforms, Md Rajiur Rahman Raju
Performance Comparison Of Two Data Mining Algorithms On Big Data Platforms, Md Rajiur Rahman Raju
Wayne State University Theses
In this Big data era, the need for performing large-scale computations is evident. A better understanding of the most suitable platforms which can efficiently run these computations is needed. In this thesis, we attempt to compare four such big data platforms, namely Hadoop, Spark, GPU, and Multicore CPU. We compare these platforms using two prominent data mining algorithms, namely, K-means clustering and K-nearest neighbour classification and discuss specific implementation-level details. We provide several insights into the best possible implementations of these algorithms and systematically compare the benefits and drawbacks of each of these platforms. We conduct experiments by varying data …
Novel Biochemical And Phenotypical Findings On The Nodal Signaling Components Lefty And Cripto, Amapola Balancio
Novel Biochemical And Phenotypical Findings On The Nodal Signaling Components Lefty And Cripto, Amapola Balancio
Wayne State University Theses
ABSTRACT
NOVEL BIOCHEMICAL AND PHENOTYPICAL FINDINGS ON THE NODAL SIGNALING COMPONENTS LEFTY AND CRIPTO
by
Amapola Balancio
December 2014
Advisor: Dr. William Branford, Jr.
Major: Biological Sciences (Molecular and Developmental Biology)
Degree: Master of Science
Nodal, a Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-B), is a key regulator of proper development along with its atypical TGF-B inhibitor Lefty and its EGF-CFC co-receptor Cripto. Studies have shown that Nodal is unable to signal in the absence of a functional Cripto, indicating that it is a Nodal obligate co-receptor. In fact, one of the ways that Lefty prevents Nodal is by binding to Cripto and …