Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Life Sciences (5)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (5)
- Biology (4)
- Medical Sciences (4)
- Cancer Biology (2)
-
- Cell Biology (2)
- Cell and Developmental Biology (2)
- Medical Pharmacology (2)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (2)
- Allergy and Immunology (1)
- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment (1)
- Biological Phenomena, Cell Phenomena, and Immunity (1)
- Biological and Chemical Physics (1)
- Chemical and Pharmacologic Phenomena (1)
- Chemistry (1)
- Diseases (1)
- Genetic Processes (1)
- Hematology (1)
- Integrative Biology (1)
- Medical Biophysics (1)
- Medical Specialties (1)
- Neoplasms (1)
- Oncology (1)
- Other Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment (1)
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (1)
- Physics (1)
Articles 1 - 12 of 12
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
The Role Of Cdk8 In Metastatic Growth Of Colon Cancer, Jiaxin Liang
The Role Of Cdk8 In Metastatic Growth Of Colon Cancer, Jiaxin Liang
Theses and Dissertations
Unresectable hepatic metastases of colon cancer poorly respond to existing therapies and are a major cause of colon cancer lethality. Transcription- regulating Mediator kinase CDK8, an early clinical stage drug target, is amplified or overexpressed in many colon cancers and CDK8 expression correlates with shorter patient survival. Here we show that CDK8 inhibition does not generally suppress proliferation of CDK8-overexpressing colon cancer cells but nevertheless CDK8 knockdown by shRNA or CDK8 kinase inhibition by a selective small-molecule drug candidate suppresses metastatic growth of mouse and human colon cancer cells in the liver. This effect is due at least in part …
Investigating The Role Of Nuclear Foxo3 In Pten-Null Glioblastomas, Lilia Sanchez
Investigating The Role Of Nuclear Foxo3 In Pten-Null Glioblastomas, Lilia Sanchez
Theses and Dissertations
The PI3K pathway activates AKT, leading to inactivation of FOXO transcription factors. Loss of PTEN results in constitutive inactivation of tumor suppressor FOXO. There is increasing evidence that FOXO resides and promotes transcriptional activity in the nucleus despite high PI3K output within certain advanced cancers and embryonic stem cells. Here, we investigate the regulation and roles of FOXO transcription factors in glioblastoma and basal breast cancer. First, we built and published genetic models to investigate the roles of FOXO transcription factors in cancer cell lines for glioblastoma (U87MG). We examined the function of FOXO transcription factors using these genetic models …
Evaluating The Efficacy Of Liposomal Delivery Of Nedaplatin In Enhancing Cytotoxicity, Genotoxicity And Dna Damage In Lung, Breast, And Osteosarcoma Cancer Cell Lines, Salma Abdelnaser
Theses and Dissertations
Today, cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide where chemotherapy is one of the common strategies to control it. Platinum-based chemotherapeutic drugs (PBDs) are a mainstay in chemotherapy due to their high effectiveness in a wide spectrum of cancer types. Severe toxicity and innate or acquired drug resistance are the two main problems limiting PBD clinical use. One approach to overcome both problems is by employing cancer-targeting drug delivery systems where liposomes, in particular, are gaining much attention in oncology application and have established superior potency compared to the corresponding free drugs in clinical application already. This study …
Cofactor Of Brca1 Promotes Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition And Cell Proliferation In Intermediate Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line, Mennatallah Ghouraba
Cofactor Of Brca1 Promotes Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition And Cell Proliferation In Intermediate Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line, Mennatallah Ghouraba
Theses and Dissertations
Hepatocellular carcinoma ranks as one of the most lethal types of cancer worldwide and in Egypt. Being complex and heterogenous clinically and molecularly, HCC has a very poor prognosis, and it lacks adequate diagnostic and prognostic molecular markers. Cofactor of BRCA1 (COBRA1); also known as NELF-B, is one of the NELF complex components that stalls RNA polymerase II during transcription elongation and regulates several processes in the cell. Previous studies have shown the upregulation of COBRA1 in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) compared to healthy liver tissue. It was also shown to support cell proliferation and migration in early stages of HCC. …
Metabolic Dysregulation: An Investigation Of The Role Of Foxo3 In Gluconeogensis In Pten-Null Glioblastomas, Victor Fanniel
Metabolic Dysregulation: An Investigation Of The Role Of Foxo3 In Gluconeogensis In Pten-Null Glioblastomas, Victor Fanniel
Theses and Dissertations
Many processes are regulated by the Phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) pathway in the cell including cell survival, metabolism, and apoptosis. Increased activation of the PI3K pathway is a hallmark of many cancers which can be oftentimes attributed to the mutation of PTEN, which encodes an enzyme that performs the reverse reaction of PI3K. When PTEN is null-mutated, this creates a constitutively active PI3K pathway and constitutively active AKT. Since AKT phosphorylates conserved residues on FOXO transcription factors to mark them for nuclear export, this renders FOXO inactive. However, new research has provided evidence that FOXO is still present in …
The Role Of Mdm2 In Dna Damage Signaling, Stanley Tam
The Role Of Mdm2 In Dna Damage Signaling, Stanley Tam
Theses and Dissertations
The overexpression of the oncogene MDM2 is common in a variety of human cancers. MDM2 overexpression is known to increase genome instability in cells by delaying DNA double strand break repair and γH2AX levels. This study explores the knockdown of MDM2 and how it may affect DNA damage signaling.
Evaluation And Adaptation Of Live-Cell Interferometry For Applications In Basic, Translational, And Clinical Research, Kevin A. Leslie
Evaluation And Adaptation Of Live-Cell Interferometry For Applications In Basic, Translational, And Clinical Research, Kevin A. Leslie
Theses and Dissertations
Cell mass is an important indicator of cell health and status. A diverse set of techniques have been developed to precisely measure the masses of single cells, with varying degrees of technical complexity and throughput. Here, the development of a non-invasive, label-free optical technique, termed Live-Cell Interferometry (LCI), is described. Several applications are presented, including an evaluation of LCI’s utility for assessing drug response heterogeneity in patient-derived melanoma lines and the measurement of CD3+ T cell kinetics during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The characterization of mast cells during degranulation, the measurement of viral reactivation kinetics in Kaposi’s Sarcoma, and drug …
Spiritual Care In Cancer Genetic Counseling: Patient Perceptions Of Methods, Christopher Michael Spencer
Spiritual Care In Cancer Genetic Counseling: Patient Perceptions Of Methods, Christopher Michael Spencer
Theses and Dissertations
The integration of spirituality into medical care is a growing area of debate among professionals, involving a delicate balance between serving patients who may benefit from this without alienating those who would not. To date, little research has targeted spirituality in cancer genetic counseling, particularly concerning the various methods a genetic counselor can use to address spirituality with their patients. A paper questionnaire was created and distributed to patients following their cancer genetic counseling appointments to gain insight on their perception of these methods. Fifty-two participants completed this questionnaire. The eight different spiritual integration methods presented each showed positive responses …
Outcomes Associated With The Utilization Of Antidepressants And Psychotherapy Amongst Cancer Patients With Depression, Purva N. Parab
Outcomes Associated With The Utilization Of Antidepressants And Psychotherapy Amongst Cancer Patients With Depression, Purva N. Parab
Theses and Dissertations
Objective: To determine patterns of use, prescription medicine costs, office-based visit costs and quality of life (QOL) across classes of antidepressants/psychotherapy in elderly cancer patients. Methods: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data files from 2005-2015 for cancer patients with depression aged 18 years or older were used for the study. Frequencies of patients under specific classes of antidepressants/psychotherapy were identified. Costs and QOL scores were compared using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Generalized linear models, linear/multinomial logistic regression were used for analyses adjusted for demographics, overall health status, number and type of comorbidities. Results: The study sample consisted of 17,671 cancer patients …
Dually Modified Transmembrane Proteoglycan Tβriii/Betaglycan In Cell Signaling And Cancer, Laura M. Jenkins
Dually Modified Transmembrane Proteoglycan Tβriii/Betaglycan In Cell Signaling And Cancer, Laura M. Jenkins
Theses and Dissertations
During tumor progression, cancer cells undergo a number of alterations to evade tumor inhibitory mechanisms, proliferate, invade surrounding tissues and metastasize to distant sites. These properties reflect changes in their cell signaling pathways that, in normal cells, control aberrant cell proliferation, motility, and survival. Over the past few decades, hyperactive Wnt/β-catenin signaling has been linked to the formation of multiple cancers, including malignant ovarian cancer, making identification of molecules regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling crucial to the development of early detection methods and cancer treatment strategies. Proteoglycans, which regulate transmission of cellular signals, are implicated in the pathophysiology of diseases, including cancer, …
Investigating The Role Of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Agonists In Lung Cancer Progression And Chemosensitivity In The Context Of Treating Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy, Sarah L. Kyte
Theses and Dissertations
While cancer chemotherapy continues to significantly contribute to the number of cancer survivors, exposure to these drugs can often result in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), a consequence of peripheral nerve fiber dysfunction or degeneration. CIPN is characterized by sensory symptoms in the hands and feet, such as numbness, burning, and allodynia, resulting in an overall decrease in quality of life. Paclitaxel (Taxol), a microtubule poison that is commonly used to treat breast, lung, and ovarian cancers, has been found to cause CIPN in 59-78% of cancer patients. There is currently no effective preventative or therapeutic treatment for this side effect, …
Novel Insights Into The Contribution Of Cellular Senescence To Cancer Therapy: Reversibility, Dormancy And Senolysis., Tareq Saleh
Novel Insights Into The Contribution Of Cellular Senescence To Cancer Therapy: Reversibility, Dormancy And Senolysis., Tareq Saleh
Theses and Dissertations
Cellular senescence a specialized form of growth arrest that contributes to the pathogenesis of several aging-related disorders including cancer. While by definition tumor cells are considered immortalized, they can undergo senescence when exposed to conventional and targeted cancer therapy. Therapy-Induced Senescence (TIS) represents a fundamental response to therapy and impacts its outcomes. However, TIS has been considered a positive therapeutic goal since senescent tumor cells are expected to enter a state of permanent growth abrogation. In this work we examined the hypothesis that a subpopulation of senescent cells can re-acquire proliferative potential after a state of senescent dormancy, indicating that …