Digital Commons Network^™

A New Approach: The Feminist Musicology Studies Of Susan Mcclary And Marcia J. Citron, Kimberly Reitsma

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

One of the currently prevalent analytic approaches in academia is feminist theory and criticism. Its combination with musicology has influenced the field for the past four decades. The goal of the new approach, loosely termed “feminist musicology,” was to discover, analyze, discuss, and promote the representation of women and the “feminine” essence in various disciplines of music. Today, feminist musicology is highly researched, research is published in books and journals, and scholarly papers are presented at various musicological conferences around the world. This new approach introduces the ideologies of feminism to the study of music. Susan McClary and Marcia J. …

Prison Abuse And Mental Health, Hayley R. Wolfe, Shelby Haas, Candace Olley

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Abuse among mentally ill inmates is a relevant issue in prison systems worldwide. This presentation will focus on the pervasiveness and severity of this abuse in the US and abroad. Pertinent statistics regarding the prevalence of abuse among the mentally ill in prison systems, as well as the obstacles to obtaining such statistics will be presented. Following the major deinstitutionalization of mental hospitals in the 1970s, the mentally ill inmate population has seen exponential increase in the United States. Abuse statistics of the mentally ill in United Kingdom prisons will also be presented and analyzed, including concerns in prison staff …

Bullying Of The Lgbtq Community, Bethany R. Green, Alicia A. Mcleod, Ashlynn Kelly

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Our group did a literature review and identified that bullying of the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Questioning populations occurs worldwide and is becoming a more prominent global issue. Our group researched and identified bullying in the United States of America, South Africa, Uganda, and Russia. We address these specific countries because of the attention that they have recently received in the media in regards to treatment of people who identify as LGBTQ. We examined this topic and, explored the bio-psycho-social effects of LGBTQ bullying and provided different ways that people can address the problem of bullying of the LGBTQ …

Global Care Of Orphaned And Vulnerable Children, Rachel M. Kuiken, Lauren Gamberdella, Meredith Wood

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Care for orphaned and vulnerable children living in poverty is a widespread concern affecting millions worldwide. This presentation will focus on the current literature surrounding physical, emotional and environmental care in the following countries: Mozambique, the USA and the Philippines. There is a correlation among these three countries involving the lack of food, health care and education. There will be an emphasis on the national policies implemented within each country that seek to ensure sustainability and quality in care. This presentation will also focus on the positive change that is being fulfilled by both government and non-government organizations passionate about …

Gorecki's Symphony No. 3, Op. 36, "Sorrowful Songs", Alyssa K. Griffith

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

The experience of listening to Gorecki’s Symphony no. 3, op. 36 “Sorrowful Songs” is one that is not easily forgotten. It is not only musically captivating, but also historically fascinating. After its premiere in 1977, Gorecki’s piece captivated listeners across the globe as it became a cultural phenomenon in both Europe and America. The music was a stunning success in both the Classical and popular cultures. What is it about the music that is so captivating? How did the trending, popular thoughts compare to Gorecki’s original ideas and compositional motives? What actually inspired this piece? By looking at the composition …

Restorative Justice In Post-Conflict Areas, Nancy Montgomery, Hillary Hook, Hilary Murphy

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

This presentation sought to review the literature in regards to understanding international restorative justice efforts in conflict prone areas. After outlining a definition of restorative justice we explored its implementation in three different countries. First, we examined the historic precedence of indigenous sentencing courts in Australia. Second, we looked at current measures in Northern Ireland and their effectiveness. Third, we offered a predictive outline for the potential work in South Sudan. These case studies showed the past, present and future of restorative justice. With this knowledge we hoped that people would better understand the efficacy of restorative justice and recognize …

The Effect Of Music Familiarity On Students’ Reading Comprehension Performance, Heidi J. Johnson, Ben B. Holdredge, William T. Mckinley

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

The current study examined 85 university students’ performance in a reading comprehension task under three conditions: silence, familiar, or unfamiliar music. The results indicated that the students in the familiar music condition performed significantly worse than those in the silent conditions, as well as those in the unfamiliar music condition.

Brain Death In Medical Ethics, Katherine R. Guffey

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Researchers are continually discovering new medicinal therapies. Technology is advancing at an unprecedented rate, and modern medicine has turned into an expansive multi-trillion dollar enterprise. New tools such as ventilators and feeding tubes give doctors the ability to extend a person’s life beyond its natural limits. Conditions which used to kill 100% of victims no longer cause as many deaths per year. While these medical technologies bring about the benefit of longer human lives, they have created a new realm of ethical dilemmas. As the old adage goes, “With great power comes great responsibility.” If we have so much power, …

Natural Products As Therapeutic Agents In Cancer Treatment, Trevor Stump, Lauren P. Williams, Brittany Santee, Chelsae Ward, Rachel Kunze, Denise S. Simpson, Samson Amos

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Cancer accounts for 25% of deaths in the United States, and brain tumors greatly contribute to this percentage. However, relative to other types of cancers, brain tumors prove difficult to treat because they are heterogeneous, highly proliferative, highly invasive, and resistant to the traditional cancer treatments of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Past studies have shown that flavonoids and curcuminoids, two classes of compounds derived from natural sources, are effective in inhibiting the development and metastasis of breast and lung cancer cells. Research has also indicated that these compounds have potential for treating brain tumors.

The purpose of this research is to …

Netrin-1-Like Peptides Are Secreted By Tetrahymena Thermophila, Marian Bhajjan, Kortney Good, Graham Heston, Elise Newcomer, Stephanie Song, Heather G. Kuruvilla

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Netrin-1 is a peptide signaling molecule that has many roles in vertebrates. In the ciliated protozoan, Tetrahymena thermophila, netrin-1 acts as a chemorepellent, causing cells to exhibit a characteristic avoidance behavior. We have previously shown that netrin-1 avoidance by T. thermophila is inhibited by genistein, which is a broad spectrum tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

One question we wished to answer in our current study was, “Is genistein specifically acting upon tyrosine kinases in order to inhibit netrin avoidance in Tetrahymena?” In order to answer this question, we used the phytoestrogen, diadzein, as a negative control for genistein inhibition. Diadzein …

Does Baylisascaris Procyonis Impact Raccoon (Procyon Lotor) Genetics?, Matthew E. Ingle, Stephen G. Dunbar, Jaynee L. Bartsch, Kyle J. Culbertson, Taylor A. Fulton, Katherine R. Guffey, Aubrey J. Juris, Ashlie N. Nolan, Daniel P. Nordquist, Carrie E. Rowlands, Joshua A. Sitler

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Raccoons (Procyon lotor) are the final host for raccoon roundworms (Baylisascaris procyonis). Raccoon roundworm is the leading cause of a dangerous neurological disease, known as larva migrans encephalopathy. Phylogenetic trees illustrate co-evolutionary events between species living in a symbiotic relationship with each other. Throughout the coevolution of host and parasite, many aspects of a population affect the way the members interact with one another and with symbiotic species. In order to evaluate the relationship between host and parasite in regards to diet, we isolated DNA from intestinal wall tissue, amplified a portion of exon 2 from …

Baylisascaris Procyonis Prevalence In Raccoons (Procyon Lotor) And Its Relation To Landscape Features, Matthew E. Ingle, Stephen G. Dunbar, Jaynee L. Bartsch, Kyle J. Culbertson, Taylor A. Fulton, Katherine R. Guffey, Aubrey J. Juris, Ashlie N. Nolan, Dan P. Nordquist, Carrie E. Rowlands, Joshua A. Sitler

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Raccoons (Procyon lotor) are the final host for raccoon roundworm (Baylisascaris procyonis). Raccoon roundworm is the leading cause of a dangerous neurological disease known as larva migrans encephalopathy. Land fragmentation occurs when natural environments are broken up by urban or agricultural landscapes. Raccoons thrive in urban environments, while raccoons in agricultural settings forage over larger areas than raccoons in urban settings do. Land fragmentation affects concentrations of B. procyonis parasites in intermediate hosts. We calculated the prevalence of raccoon roundworm in 9 townships of Greene and Clark Counties by necropsying 226 raccoon intestines. Prevalence is defined …

2014 Symposium Overview, Cedarville University

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Click the "Download" button in the top right corner to view the abstract booklet.

Skin Preparation For Preventing Infection Following Cesarean Section, Levi Fenton, Alexandra Barford, Adrienne Barnett, Meghan Becker

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Abstract

Cesarean section (c-section) is becoming a popular option with 32.8% of the population choosing a surgical procedure over a vaginal delivery. Due to the increase of c-sections, infection rates have risen to a rate of 5.4 infections per 100 c-section operations. Surgical site infections are a large risk for any person having an invasive procedure. In our review of literature, we searched for the most advanced methods to reduce the risk of surgical site infections. We searched for various articles comparing iodine and chlorhexidine and found 14 articles that fit our inclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria consisted of any …

Baylisascaris Procyonis Impacts Raccoon (Procyon Lotor) Diets, Matthew E. Ingle, Stephen G. Dunbar, Jaynee L. Bartsch, Kyle J. Culbertson, Taylor A. Fulton, Katherine R. Guffey, Aubrey J. Juris, Ashlie N. Nolan, Dan P. Nordquist, Carrie E. Rowlands, Joshua A. Sitler

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Raccoons (Procyon lotor) are the definitive host for raccoon roundworms (Baylisascaris procyonis). Raccoon roundworm is responsible for a dangerous neurological disease known as larva migrans encephalopathy. Raccoons are omnivorous animals and rely on various food items. Dietary analyses help determine how a raccoon changes its diet in response to environmental features. Raccoons eat whatever food resource is most convenient and abundant. Parasite infections can potentially affect host eating habits in order to keep the host alive and active longer. In this study, we analyzed the diets of necropsied raccoons from ten townships of Clark and Greene …

Does Baylisascaris Procyonis Phylogeny Correlate With That Of The Raccoon (Procyon Lotor), Matthew E. Ingle, Stephen G. Dunbar, Jaynee L. Bartsch, Kyle J. Culbertson, Taylor A. Fulton, Katherine R. Guffey, Aubrey J. Juris, Ashlie N. Nolan, Daniel P. Nordquist, Carrie E. Rowlands, Joshua A. Sitler

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Baylisacaris procyonis, commonly known as the raccoon roundworm, is a parasite that inhabits the small intestine of the North American raccoon (Procyon lotor). Although humans do not typically become the definitive host, humans can become infected through handling soil containing eggs. B. procyonis can induce serious health complications in cases of human infection, including degenerative retinal and behavioral changes, coma, and even death. High prevalence of B. procyonis in a raccoon population increases the probability of transference to human hosts. In our study, we analyzed the genetic structure of B. procyonis harvested from raccoons of southwestern Ohio, …

Working Memory In Musicians Versus Non-Musicians: A Differential Study Using The N-Back Task, Kara Nonnemacher

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

The current study investigates whether long-term musical training and practice are associated with greater working memory abilities. Other studies have shown that musicians have cognitive advantages over non-musicians, including working memory. Forty-six college-aged participants were given an auditory-spatial n-back test. The n-back test requires participants to determine whether or not each auditory and spatial stimulus in a sequence matches the stimulus n stimuli ago. In this study, n=2. Participants were classified as either a musician or non-musician based on their years of musical training. Comparing n-back scores between musicians and non-musicians showed no significant findings. Since …

Glacial Origin Of Massie Creek Gorge, Greene County Ohio, Dylan J. Mckevitt

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Massie Creek Gorge is one of several small but impressive canyons in Greene County, Ohio that cut through a typically low-relief landscape. It displays spectacular dolomite cliffs (up to 20 m high), large rockfalls (up to 1800 m³), numerous large potholes (up to >5 m wide and >7 m high), a dry valley branching off the main channel with a resultant bedrock island (≈30,000 m² in area) and two boulder bars on its lee side (the largest ≈13.5 m thick). Short, dry side canyons are cut to the same depth as the main drainage and sometimes contain …

Magical And Illusory Thinking In Protestant College Students, Lynley G. Turkelson, Milton E. Becknell, Chi-En Hwang

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Abstract

Scrupulosity (SC) is a subtype of OCD that manifests in religious obsessions and compulsions. Scrupulosity is associated with poorer prognosis and higher levels of magical ideation (MI), defined as beliefs that go against culturally accepted laws of causality. A new measure called the Illusory Beliefs Inventory was created to measure MI in scrupulous populations. However, the items on the spirituality subscale may fail to discriminate between pathological thinking and normal religious beliefs. The current study contained two purposes. The first purpose was to examine the psychometric properties of the IBI. The second purpose of the study was to clarify …

Equal Access To Education, Rachel J. Yutzy, Tina M. Benjamin, Jessica L. Dickhoner

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

The purpose of our research study and presentation is to identify key factors in access to education in three regions of the world. We looked into access to education in China, India, and the United States (urban) education systems in order to understand the barriers within each educational system. The Chinese educational system has been seen as an exemplary model of education, with the majority of students excelling in their work. However, many different factors contribute to disparities in access to education such as social status, economic background, and ideology. India is a prominent global economic leader, yet struggles with …

The Perspective Of College Seniors In Rotc On Becoming A Commissioned Officer, Natasha Kreft, Hans Stoltzfus, Luke M. Tse, Ruth L. Markham

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

While there is growing research into Military and Mental health issues, the focus of such research has primarily been restricted to those populations who are retired from Military or who step-down from Active Duty. Following a case study with Reservists, we became aware that mental health issues in the Military Population may potentially stem from concepts involved the initial training phases. With the hypothesis that ROTC Cadets are among the youngest persons engaging in Military training, we approached ROTC Air Force and ROTC Army Cadets who were Seniors by credit at Cedarville University. The Cadets were asked to participate in …

Concussion Return To Play Protocols Effect On Athletes' Reporting Of Symptoms, Timothy S. Waller, Amanda R. Meade, Elizabeth A. Sled, Michael S. Weller

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

When an athlete suffers a concussion, the standard return to play (RTP) guidelines are that they must sit out a minimum of a week as they go through a slow progression of exertional and neurocognitive tests once they are asymptomatic. This is a great improvement to concussion treatment in the past where athletes were often dangerously returned. However, because of this “blanket” 7-day minimum return policy, we believe the current RTP guidelines are potentially leading athletes to hide their symptoms more so they do not have to sit out. Fifty-three athletes were surveyed from soccer, basketball, lacrosse, and football teams …

The Therapeutic Effects Of Nature, Urban, Or Standard Hospital Decorations On A Hospitalized Patient, Suzanne E. Mcreynolds, Carissa E. Leitch, Meredith G. Knowland, Caroline A. Wills

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Purpose: To review the present literature that evaluates the therapeutic effects of nature on hospitalized patients as compared to urban decoration or a standard hospital atmosphere.

Background: Research on the topic of nature’s effects on hospitalized patients began in 1984 by Ulrich. While this study brought forth many positive effects of nature, further study on the subject has only recently been continued. Reviews on whether or not there is evidence to support nature in hospitals are limited and have only begun to be addressed in practice.

Methods: Articles published between 2008 and 2013 found in Pub Med, One Search, Ebsco, …

Oral Care Interventions To Prevent Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia In Mechanically-Ventilated Adults, Katrina D. Mervine, Sarah L. Mccolloch, Kelsey L. Ruby

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia is a common and costly problem in acute care settings. Each case has an increased chance for mortality and may result in further complications.

Purpose: To review relevant literature about the methods of providing oral care for ventilated patients to prevent the incidence of VAP in acute care settings.

Methods: Literature published between 2008 and 2013 was reviewed using PUBMED, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane, and Up To Date using the key words “oral care,” “ventilator- associated pneumonia,” “toothbrushing,” “VAP,” “oral hygiene,” “hydrogen peroxide,” and “pneumonia.”

Setting: Mechanically ventilated adult patients in acute care settings.

Sample Size: The literature …

Comparing Common Techniques For Calculating Parasite Prevalence, Matthew E. Ingle, Stephen Dunbar, Jaynee L. Bartsch, Kyle J. Culbertson, Taylor A. Fulton, Katherine R. Guffey, Aubrey J. Juris, Ashlie N. Nolan, Daniel Nordquist, Carrie E. Rowlands, Joshua A. Sitler

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Raccoons (Procyon lotor) are the final host for raccoon roundworms (Baylisascaris procyonis). Raccoon roundworm is the leading cause of a dangerous neurological disease, known as larva migrans encephalopathy. Diagnostic tools for detecting the presence of B. procyonis within a raccoon population include necropsy, fecal flotation, and latrine analysis. Necropsies yield the highest measure of prevalence, with fecal flotation and latrine analysis often underestimating infection rates. We necropsied 225 raccoons gathered from 10 townships of Clark and Greene Counties in Ohio. We collected fecal samples from 95 raccoons negative for B. procyonis at necropsy. We suspended the …

Preventing The Progression Of Prediabetes To Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Through Increasing Physical Activity And Healthy Diet, Peyton Hannon, Hayley Blackburn, Ella Kinsinger, Rachel Meeker

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Background: Health care professionals have started to diagnose patients as prediabetic in efforts to monitor and intervene in the disease process of diabetes before the person reaches the complete diagnosis of diabetes. Specific interventions such as, physical activity and diet, are considered to be major contributing factors in reducing the progression of diabetes and potentially reversing the process of this disease.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to compare the effectiveness of diet modification versus increased physical activity during the prediabetic phase in reducing the progression to Type 2 diabetes.

Methods: A literature review was conducted using sources written …