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Reducing The Burden Of Suffering From Eating Disorders: Unmet Treatment Needs, Cost Of Illness, And The Quest For Cost-Effectiveness, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Reducing The Burden Of Suffering From Eating Disorders: Unmet Treatment Needs, Cost Of Illness, And The Quest For Cost-Effectiveness, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Eating disorders are serious mental disorders as reflected in significant impairments in health and psychosocial functioning and excess mortality. Despite the clear evidence of clinical significance and despite availability of evidence-based, effective treatments, research has shown a paradox of elevated health services use and, yet, infrequent treatment specifically targeting the eating disorder (i.e., high unmet treatment need). This review paper summarizes key studies conducted in collaboration with G. Terence Wilson and offers an update of the research literature published since 2011 in three research areas that undergirded our collaborative research project: unmet treatment needs, cost of illness, and cost-effectiveness of …
Nocturnal Eating Association With: Binge Eating, Obesity, And Psychological Distress.Pdf, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Nocturnal Eating Association With: Binge Eating, Obesity, And Psychological Distress.Pdf, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Objective To examine clinical correlates of nocturnal eating, a core behavioral symptom of night eating syndrome. Method Data from 285 women who had participated in a two-stage screening for binge eating were utilized. Women (n = 41) who reported one or more nocturnal eating episodes in the past 28 days on the eating disorder examination and women who did not report nocturnal eating (n = 244) were compared on eating disorder symptomatology, body mass index (BMI), and on measures of psychosocial adjustment. Results Nocturnal eaters were significantly more likely to report binge eating and differed significantly from non-nocturnal eaters (with …
Recruitment For A Guided Self-Help Binge Eating Trial: Potential Lessons For Implementing Programs In Everyday Practice Settings, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Recruitment For A Guided Self-Help Binge Eating Trial: Potential Lessons For Implementing Programs In Everyday Practice Settings, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Objective
To explore effects of various recruitment strategies on randomized clinical trial (RCT)-entry characteristics for patients with eating disorders within an everyday health-plan practice setting.
Methods
Randomly selected women, aged 25–50, in a Pacific Northwest HMO were invited to complete a self-report binge-eating screener for two treatment trials. We publicized the trials within the health plan to allow self-referral. Here, we report differences on eating-disorder status by mode and nature of recruitment (online, mail, self-referred) and assessment (comprehensive versus abbreviated) and on possible differences in enrollee characteristics between those recruited by strategy (self-referred versus study-outreach efforts).
Results
Few differences emerged …
Recruitment For A Guided Self-Help Binge Eating Trial: Potential Lessons For Implementing Programs In Everyday Practice Settings, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Recruitment For A Guided Self-Help Binge Eating Trial: Potential Lessons For Implementing Programs In Everyday Practice Settings, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Objective
To explore effects of various recruitment strategies on randomized clinical trial (RCT)-entry characteristics for patients with eating disorders within an everyday health-plan practice setting.
Methods
Randomly selected women, aged 25–50, in a Pacific Northwest HMO were invited to complete a self-report binge-eating screener for two treatment trials. We publicized the trials within the health plan to allow self-referral. Here, we report differences on eating-disorder status by mode and nature of recruitment (online, mail, self-referred) and assessment (comprehensive versus abbreviated) and on possible differences in enrollee characteristics between those recruited by strategy (self-referred versus study-outreach efforts).
Results
Few differences emerged …
Beliefs About Eating And Eating Disorders, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Beliefs About Eating And Eating Disorders, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Beliefs about foods and binge eating may influence the development and maintenance of eating disorders and the likelihood that people will seek treatment. We found that the majority of a random sample of members of a large health maintenance organization considered binge eating a problem for which there are effective treatments. Self-reported binge eaters, however, were significantly less likely to agree that there are effective treatments. Two thirds of the sample reported that certain foods are addictive and also believed that strict dieting is an effective means of reducing binge eating. Therapeutic implications of these attitudes are discussed.
The Validity And Clinical Utility Of Purging Disorder, Ruth Striegel Weissman
The Validity And Clinical Utility Of Purging Disorder, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Objective To review evidence of the validity and clinical utility of Purging Disorder and examine options for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fifth edition (DSM-V). Method Articles were identified by computerized and manual searches and reviewed to address five questions about Purging Disorder: Is there “ample” literature? Is the syndrome clearly defined? Can it be measured and diagnosed reliably? Can it be differentiated from other eating disorders? Is there evidence of syndrome validity? Results Although empirical classification and concurrent validity studies provide emerging support for the distinctiveness of Purging Disorder, questions remain about definition, diagnostic reliability in …
Gender Difference In The Prevalence Of Eating Disorder Symptoms.Pdf, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Gender Difference In The Prevalence Of Eating Disorder Symptoms.Pdf, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Objective: This study examined gender differences in prevalence of eating disorder symptoms including body image concerns (body checking or avoidance), binge eating, and inappropriate compensatory behaviors. Method: A random sample of members (ages 18–35 years) of a health maintenance organization was recruited to complete a survey by mail or on-line. Items were drawn from the Patient Health Questionnaire and the Body Shape Questionnaire. Results: Among the 3,714 women and 1,808 men who responded, men were more likely to report overeating, whereas women were more likely to endorse loss of control while eating. Although statistically significant gender differences were observed, with …
Health Services Use In Eating Disorders, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Health Services Use In Eating Disorders, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Background
This study examined healthcare services used by adults diagnosed with an eating disorder (ED) in a large health maintenance organization in the Pacific Northwest.
Method
Electronic medical records were used to collect information on all out-patient and in-patient visits and medication dispenses, from 2002 to 2004, for adults aged 18–55 years who received an ED diagnosis during 2003. Healthcare services received the year prior to, and following, the receipt of an ED diagnosis were examined. Cases were matched to five comparison health plan members who had a health plan visit close to the date of the matched case's …
Toward An Understanding Of Risk Factors For Anorexia Nervosa: A Case-Control Study, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Toward An Understanding Of Risk Factors For Anorexia Nervosa: A Case-Control Study, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Background Prospective, longitudinal studies of risk factors for anorexia nervosa (AN) are lacking and existing cross-sectional studies are generally narrow in focus and lack methodological rigor. Building on two studies that used the Oxford Risk Factor Interview (RFI) to establish time precedence and comprehensively assess potential risk correlates for AN, the present study advances this line of research and represents the first case-control study of risk factors for AN in the USA.
Method The RFI was used for retrospective assessment of a broad range of risk factors, while establishing time precedence. Using a case-control design, 50 women who met DSM-IV …
Risk Factors For Eating Disorders, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Risk Factors For Eating Disorders, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
The authors review research on risk factors for eating disorders, restricting their focus to studies in which clear precedence of the hypothesized risk factor over onset of the disorder is established. They illustrate how studies of sociocultural risk factors and biological factors have progressed on parallel tracks and propose that major advances in understanding the etiology of eating disorders require a new generation of studies that integrate these domains. They discuss how more sophisticated and novel conceptualizations of risk and causal processes may inform both nosology and intervention efforts.
Antecedent Life Events Of Binge-Eating Disorder, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Antecedent Life Events Of Binge-Eating Disorder, Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
The present study investigated the occurrence of life events preceding the onset of disturbed eating in binge-eating disorder (BED). In a case-control design, 162 matched pairs of black and white women with BED and women with no current psychiatric disorder, and 107 matched pairs of women with BED and a current general psychiatric disorder were recruited from the community for the New England Women's Health Project. Life events in the year before the onset of disturbed eating were assessed retrospectively with an investigator-based interview. Women with BED reported exposure to a significantly greater number of life events during the …
Night Eating Syndrome In Young Adult Women: Prevalence And Correlates., Ruth Striegel Weissman
Night Eating Syndrome In Young Adult Women: Prevalence And Correlates., Ruth Striegel Weissman
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Objective The current study examined the prevalence and clinical significance of night eating syndrome (NES) in a community cohort of Black and White women. Method We assessed 682 Black and 659 White women for NES, eating disorders, and psychiatric symptomatology. Results The prevalence was 1.6% (22 of 1,341; Blacks [n = 20]; Whites [n = 2]). Comparisons between identified Black women and the remaining Black participants revealed no significant differences in obesity, psychiatric comorbidity, or self-reported psychiatric distress. Comorbidity with eating disorders as outlined in the 4th ed. of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Washington, DC: American …
Drive For Thinness In Black And White Preadolescent Girls, Ruth H. Striegel-Moore, George B. Schreiber, Kathleen M. Pike, Denise E. Wilfley, Judith Rodin
Drive For Thinness In Black And White Preadolescent Girls, Ruth H. Striegel-Moore, George B. Schreiber, Kathleen M. Pike, Denise E. Wilfley, Judith Rodin
Ruth Striegel Weissman
This study examined racial differences in drive for thinness, a motivational variable implicated in the etiology of eating disorders. Subjects included 613 black and white preadolescent girls from one of three National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Growth and Health Study centers. Instruments included the Drive for Thinness Scale, a Criticism about Weight scale, the Self-Perception Profile for Children, a Sexual Maturation index, and 3-day food diaries. Black girls reported significantly greater drive for thinness than white girls. Drive for thinness was significantly associated with adiposity in both groups; additional predictors included criticism about weight for black girls and …
Psychological Factors In The Etiology Of Binge Eating, Ruth H. Striegel-Moore
Psychological Factors In The Etiology Of Binge Eating, Ruth H. Striegel-Moore
Ruth Striegel Weissman
Numerous psychological factors have been hypothesized to play a role in the etiology of binge eating. This chapter proposes that female gender-role socialization puts girls at risk for the development of binge eating. Moreover, it is proposed that an understanding of risk requires an exploration of the developmental tasks of female adolscence. As research of the etiology of binge eating in particular and eating disorders in general begins to move away from testing single-factor causal models and toward testing complex, multifactorial models of causation, research needs to examine the psychological factors discussed in this chapter.
A Prospective Study Of Disordered Eating Among College Students, Ruth H. Striegel-Moore, Lisa R. Silberstein, Peter Frensch, Judith Rodin
A Prospective Study Of Disordered Eating Among College Students, Ruth H. Striegel-Moore, Lisa R. Silberstein, Peter Frensch, Judith Rodin
Ruth Striegel Weissman
The prevalence of disordered eating among college students was assessed at the beginning and the end of the freshman year. The study aimed to identify factors related to worsening of disordered eating during the year. Questionnaires were completed by 590 males and 450 females at baseline and 546 males and 403 females at follow-up. At baseline, the prevalence of bulimia nervosa was 3.8% for females and 0.2% for males. The prevalence of ordered eating symptoms was considerably higher. The prevalence of bulimia nervosa at follow-up was virtually unchanged. However, many students experienced an onset of disordered eating during the year. …