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Gender Analysis Of Journal Of Perinatology Authorship During Covid-19, Lauren Gadek, Christiane Dammann, Renate Savich, Christiana Mmuo-Oji, Leonardo Barrera, Patrick G. Gallagher, Kerri Machut

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: To examine authorship gender distributions before and during COVID-19 in the Journal of Perinatology.

STUDY DESIGN: We collected data from the Journal of Perinatology website. The author gender was determined using Genderize.io or a systematic internet search. Our primary outcome was the difference between the number of published articles authored by women during the pandemic period (March 2020-May 2021, period two), compared with the preceding 15-month period (period one). We analyzed the data using chi-square tests.

RESULTS: Publications increased from period one to two by 8.9%. There were slightly more female than male first (62%) and overall (53%) authors, …

Effects Of Covid-19 Financial And Social Hardships On Infants' And Toddlers' Development In The Echo Program, Sara S. Nozadi, Ximin Li, Xiangrong Kong, Brandon Rennie, Deborah Kanda, Debra Mackenzie, Li Luo, Jonathan Posner, Courtney K. Blackwell, Lisa A. Croen, Assiamira Ferrara, Thomas G. O'Connor, Emily Zimmerman, Akhgar Ghassabian, Leslie D. Leve, Amy J. Elliott, Rebecca J. Schmidt, Jenna Ln Sprowles, Johnnye L. Lewis

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

BACKGROUND: The financial hardships and social isolation experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic have been found to adversely affect children's developmental outcomes. While many studies thus far have focused on school-aged children and the pandemic-related impacts on their academic skills and behavior problems, relatively less is known about pandemic hardships and associations with children's development during their early years. Using a racially and economically diverse sample, we examined whether hardships experienced during the pandemic were associated with children's development with a particular focus on communication and socioemotional development.

METHODS: Participants from eight cohorts of the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes …

Planned Adaptation And Implementation Of The Community Guide Recommendations For Increasing Physical Activity In Rural Community Settings: A Qualitative Study, Julia Meredith Hess, Sally M. Davis

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this paper is to report on the implementation of an evidence-based model, VIVA, which was developed to translate physical activity (PA) recommendations to rural environments and was scaled-up to 12 rural communities across New Mexico. Our longitudinal qualitative research describes processes of planned adaptation in the rural context with an exploration of inner and outer context adaptations that consider important implementation constructs including leadership, partnership and collaboration.

MATERIALS & METHODS: An enhanced version of the RE-AIM framework was used to formulate community-level engagement and process questions essential to implementation science. Qualitative methods, using a thematic approach …

Facilitators And Barriers To Pediatric Clinical Trial Recruitment And Retention In Rural And Community Settings: A Scoping Review Of The Literature, Sara E. Watson, Paul Smith, Jessica Snowden, Vida Vaughn, Lesley Cottrell, Christi A. Madden, Alberta S. Kong, Russell Mcculloh, Crystal Stack Lim, Megan Bledsoe, Karen Kowal, Mary Mcnally, Lisa Knight, Kelly Cowan, Elizabeth Yakes Jimenez

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

Children in rural settings are under-represented in clinical trials, potentially contributing to rural health disparities. We performed a scoping review describing available literature on barriers and facilitators impacting participation in pediatric clinical trials in rural and community-based (nonclinical) settings. Articles identified via PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and Web of Science were independently double-screened at title/abstract and full-text levels to identify articles meeting eligibility criteria. Included articles reported on recruitment or retention activities for US-based pediatric clinical studies conducted in rural or community-based settings and were published in English through January 2021. Twenty-seven articles describing 31 studies met inclusion criteria. Most articles …

Chicago's Stay-At-Home Mandate-The Need To Improve On Domestic Violence Prevention And Response, Amy Bonomi, Rashmi Gangamma, Theresa H Cruz

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

No abstract provided.

"You're Going To Have To Think A Little Bit Different" Barriers And Facilitators To Using Mhealth To Increase Physical Activity Among Older, Rural Cancer Survivors, Tamar Ginossar, Heidi Rishel Brakey, Andrew L. Sussman, Brittany Price, Miria Kano, Sally M. Davis, Cindy K. Blair

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

Wearable activity trackers (WATs) hold great promise in increasing physical activity among older cancer survivors. However, older cancer survivors who reside in rural regions are at increased risk of being digitally marginalized. The goal of this study was to learn about WATs adoption motivation and needs of rural older cancer survivors who live in New Mexico, one of the most rural states with the lowest broadband Internet connectivity in the United States. We conducted six key informant interviews and recruited 31 older cancer survivors from rural counties statewide who participated in interviews and focus groups. Our results show great interest …

Financial Hardship And Health Related Quality Of Life Among Older Latinos With Chronic Diseases, Frances R Nedjat-Haiem, Tamara Cadet, Humberto Parada, Tessa Jones, Elvira E Jimenez, Beti Thompson, Kristen J Wells, Shiraz I Mishra

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

BACKGROUND: Financial hardship influences health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of older adults. However, little is known about the relationship between financial hardship and HRQoL among vulnerable populations.

OBJECTIVE: We examined the associations between financial hardship and HRQoL among older Latinos living with chronic disease, including cancer.

METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 68 Latinos (age range 50-87) with one or more chronic health conditions who participated in a pilot randomized clinical trial. Participants responded to 11 financial hardship questions. We used factor analysis to explore constructs of financial hardship. HRQoL was assessed using the 27-item Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G). …

Suitability For E-Health Of Non-Pharmacological Interventions In Connective Tissue Diseases: Scoping Review With A Descriptive Analysis, Valentin Ritschl, Ricardo J O Ferreira, Eduardo José Ferreira Santos, Rúben Fernandes, Essi Juutila, Erika Mosor, Paulo Santos-Costa, Kim Fligelstone, Linda Schraven, Georg Stummvoll, Maria Salvador, Janet L. Poole, Cornelia Van Den Ende, Carina Boström, Tanja A. Stamm

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: Non-pharmacological interventions support patients with connective tissue diseases to better cope with and self-manage their diseases. This study aimed to map existing evidence on non-pharmacological interventions in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc) and mixed connective tissue diseases regarding content, feasibility and potential suitability in an e-health setting.

METHODS: A literature search was performed in eight different databases in July 2020. The intervention's content was extracted using the 'Better reporting of interventions: template for intervention description and replication (TIDieR) checklist and guide'. A Sankey diagram and descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data and illustrate …

Effect Of Blood Transfusions On Cognitive Development In Very Low Birth Weight Infants, Priya Shah, Daniel C Cannon, Jean R Lowe, John Phillips, Robert D Christensen, Beena Kamath-Rayne, Adam Rosenberg, Susan Wiedmeier, Shrena Patel, Sarah Winter, Shawna Baker, Robin K Ohls

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: Preterm infants frequently receive red cell transfusions; however, the effect of transfusions on cognition is unclear. We evaluated the relationship between transfusions and cognitive outcomes in preterm infants enrolled in a randomized trial of erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESAs).

STUDY DESIGN: Preterm infants were randomized to ESAs or placebo during initial hospitalization, and transfusions recorded. Children were evaluated using standard developmental tests of cognition at 18-22 months (56 ESA, 24 placebo) and 3.5-4 years (39 ESA, 14 placebo).

RESULTS: Cognitive scores at 18-22 months were inversely correlated with transfusion volume (p = 0.02). Among those receiving ≥1 transfusion, cognitive scores …

Fatigue And Its Association With Social Participation, Functioning, And Quality Of Life In Systemic Sclerosis, Susan L. Murphy, Anna L. Kratz, Daniel Whibley, Janet L. Poole, Dinesh Khanna

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: Fatigue is consistently ranked as one of the most problematic symptoms of systemic sclerosis (SSc), but the impact of fatigue on daily life is not well characterized. The purpose of this study was to examine the contribution of fatigue to deficits in social participation, functioning, and quality of life.

METHODS: Baseline data from a sample undertaking a clinical trial were utilized (n = 267). Fatigue, pain interference, depressive symptoms, physical function, and social participation were assessed by measures from the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System. Hierarchical linear regressions were performed to determine the unique contribution of fatigue to social …

Implementing Evidence-Informed Practices To Make Schools Safer And More Supportive Of Sexual And Gender Minority Youth, Daniel Shattuck, Janie L Hall, Elizabeth Dickson, Amy E Green, Mary M Ramos

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Blood Myo-Inositol Concentrations In Preterm And Term Infants, Luc P Brion, Dale L Phelps, Robert M Ward, Tracy L Nolen, N Mikko K Hallman, Abhik Das, Daniel J Zaccaro, M Bethany Ball, Kristi L Watterberg, Ivan D Frantz, C Michael Cotten, Brenda B Poindexter, William Oh, Ralph A Lugo, Krisa P Van Meurs, T Michael O'Shea, Kristin M Zaterka-Baxter, Rosemary D Higgins

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: To describe relationship between cord blood (representing fetal) myo-inositol concentrations and gestational age (GA) and to determine trends of blood concentrations in enterally and parenterally fed infants from birth to 70 days of age.

DESIGN/METHODS: Samples were collected in 281 fed or unfed infants born in 2005 and 2006. Myo-inositol concentrations were displayed in scatter plots and analyzed with linear regression models of natural log-transformed values.

RESULTS: In 441 samples obtained from 281 infants, myo-inositol concentrations varied from nondetectable to 1494 μmol/L. Cord myo-inositol concentrations decreased an estimated 11.9% per week increase in GA. Postnatal myo-inositol concentrations decreased an …

Placental Transfusion And Short-Term Outcomes Among Extremely Preterm Infants, Neha Kumbhat, Barry Eggleston, Alexis S Davis, Krisa P Van Meurs, Sara Bonamo Demauro, Elizabeth E Foglia, Satyanarayan Lakshminrusimha, Michele C Walsh, Kristi L Watterberg, Myra H Wyckoff, Abhik Das, Sara C Handley

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: To compare short-term outcomes after placental transfusion (delayed cord clamping (DCC) or umbilical cord milking (UCM)) versus immediate cord clamping among extremely preterm infants.

DESIGN: Retrospective study.

SETTING: The

PATIENTS: Infants born <29 >weeks' gestation in 2016 or 2017 without congenital anomalies who received active treatment after delivery.

INTERVENTION/EXPOSURE: DCC or UCM.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcomes: (1) composite of mortality or major morbidity by 36 weeks' postmenstrual age (PMA); (2) mortality by 36 weeks PMA and (3) composite of major morbidities by 36 weeks' PMA. Secondary composite outcomes: (1) any grade intraventricular haemorrhage or mortality by 36 weeks' PMA …

A Standardized Protocol For The Comprehensive Assessment Of Dental Hygiene Work, Shawn C Roll, Mark E Hardison, Jane L Forrest, Nikki L Colclazier, Joyce Y Sumi, Nancy A Baker

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

BACKGROUND: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are prevalent in dental hygienists. Although engineering controls and ergonomic training is available, it is unclear why this intransigent problem continues. One possible barrier is that a comprehensive, standardized protocol for evaluating dental hygiene work does not exist.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to generate a valid and reliable observational protocol for the assessment of dental hygiene work.

METHODS: An iterative process was used to establish and refine an ecologically valid video acquisition and observation protocol to assess key activities, tasks, and performance components of dental hygiene work.

RESULTS: Good inter-rater reliability was achieved across all variables …

Recruitment Of Schools For Intervention Research To Reduce Health Disparities For Sexual And Gender Minority Students, Daniel Shattuck, Janie Lee Hall, Amy Green, Cynthia Greenberg, Linda Peñaloza, Mary Ramos, Cathleen Willging

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

Recruiting schools for intervention research can be daunting. This study examined the experiences of researchers recruiting public high schools for a randomized controlled trial to reduce suicide disparities for sexual and gender minority (SGM) youth by implementing evidence-based strategies to enhance school environments. We enrolled 42 schools throughout New Mexico between August 2016 and April 2017. Based on qualitative analysis of recruitment efforts, three groups of factors affected enrollment: (1) non-SGM-specific factors, (2) SGM-specific factors, and (3) facilitating factors. Non-SGM-specific factors negatively impacted the willingness or ability to participate (e.g., demanding staff workloads and beliefs that "outsiders" should not assist …

Latinx/@ Immigrant Inclusion Trajectories: Individual Agency, Structural Constraints, And The Role Of Community-Based Organizations In Immigrant Mobilities., Cirila Estela Vasquez Guzman, Julia Meredith Hess, Norma Casas, Dulce Medina, Margarita Galvis, Diana Anahi Torres, Alexis J. Handal, Annette Carreon-Fuentes, Alexandra Hernandez-Vallant, Mario J. Chavez, Felipe Rodriguez, Jessica R. Goodkind

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

Immigration is at the forefront of national, state, and local policy struggles in the United States, and Latinx/@ immigrants have experienced increased deportations, detention, and individual threats. A mobilities perspective allows analysis to extend our view of migration beyond frameworks confined to pre- and postmigration, examining trajectories of social inclusion and exclusion that are influenced by multiple factors in the receiving country. The Immigrant Well-being Project, a community-based participatory research project involving university faculty, students, staff, and representatives from 4 community-based organizations (CBOs), was initiated in New Mexico in 2017 to better understand and promote Latinx/@ immigrant mental health and …

Role Of Caregiver-Reported Outcomes In Identification Of Children With Prenatal Alcohol Exposure During The First Year Of Life, Ludmila N Bakhireva, Jean Lowe, Laura M Garrison, Sandra Cano, Yuridia Leyva, Fares Qeadan, Julia M Stephen

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

BACKGROUND: Earlier identification of children with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) remains a challenge. The objective of this study was to identify neurobehavioral (NB) outcomes associated with PAE in infants.

METHODS: This manuscript evaluates NB outcomes at 6.33±1.12 months of age in 93 infants (39 PAE and 54 No-PAE) recruited prospectively into the ENRICH cohort. PAE was assessed by prospective repeated TLFB interviews and a panel of ethanol biomarkers. NB outcomes were evaluated by the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID-III), Parenting Stress Index (PSI), Infant Behavior Questionnaire (IBQ-R), and Infant Sensory Profile (ISP).

RESULTS: Mean maternal age at enrollment was …

Performance Of A1c Versus Ogtt For The Diagnosis Of Prediabetes In A Community-Based Screening, Jenny E. Camacho, Vallabh O. Shah, Ronald Schrader, Craig S. Wong, Mark R. Burge

Pediatrics Research and Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: Reliable identification of individuals at risk for developing diabetes is critical to instituting preventative strategies. Studies suggest that the accuracy of using hemoglobin A1c as a sole diagnostic criterion for diabetes may be variable across different ethnic groups. We postulate that there will be lack of concordance between A1c and the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for diagnosing prediabetes across Hispanic and non-Hispanic white (NHW) populations.

METHODS: A total of 218 asymptomatic adults at risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) were assessed with A1c and OGTT for the diagnosis of prediabetes. Glucose homeostasis status was assigned as no diabetes …