Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Articles 1 - 23 of 23

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Cover Cropping: Sensor-Based Estimations Of Biomass Yield And Nutrient Uptake And Its Impact On Sugarcane Productivity, Hector H. Fajardo Duran Jul 2022

Cover Cropping: Sensor-Based Estimations Of Biomass Yield And Nutrient Uptake And Its Impact On Sugarcane Productivity, Hector H. Fajardo Duran

LSU Master's Theses

Sugarcane in Louisiana can be harvested for up to three years from one planting. Soil cultivation along sides of established beds is done for weed control and improve fertilizer use efficiency which increases the risk of soil degradation and yield decline. Planting cover crops (CC) is a soil conservation practice and an effective strategy to improve soil health and nutrient recycling. Limited work has been done on remote sensor-based evaluation of the potential nutrient benefits from cover crops and its effect on nutrient cycling on sugarcane systems. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of two planting methods (broadcast …


Evaluating The Effect Of Coated Urea And Urea-Ammonium-Nitrate Solution On Cane Tonnage, Sugar Yield, And Leaf-Soil Nitrogen Content Under Louisiana Sugarcane Production System, Hector J. Mendoza Lagos May 2022

Evaluating The Effect Of Coated Urea And Urea-Ammonium-Nitrate Solution On Cane Tonnage, Sugar Yield, And Leaf-Soil Nitrogen Content Under Louisiana Sugarcane Production System, Hector J. Mendoza Lagos

LSU Master's Theses

Nitrogen (N) is a crucial nutrient for proper plant growth and development. N deficiency results in poor tillering and thin, short internode stem production for sugarcane production, thus resulting in low cane tonnage. Therefore, proper N fertilizer management is essential for a sustainable sugarcane production system. This research was conducted at the LSU AgCenter Sugar Research Station in St. Gabriel, LA, from 2019 to 2020 at three Sites (Site 1, 2, and 3). The treatments consisted of different N rates (0, 45, 90, and 135 kg N ha-1) and sources (urea-ammonium-nitrate solution [UAN]-32%, 30-day [Coated Urea 1], 45-day …


Examination Of Pre-Emergence Control Of Johnsongrass In Sugarcane Seedlings, Carleton Baucum Apr 2022

Examination Of Pre-Emergence Control Of Johnsongrass In Sugarcane Seedlings, Carleton Baucum

LSU Master's Theses

Sugarcane is susceptible to many diseases and insect pests; therefore, to maintain high sugar yield new varieties must be developed. Producing new varieties contributes to the overall crop success through enhanced yield, insect and/or disease resistance, cold tolerance, and ratooning ability. However, unlike conventional sugarcane, which is vegetatively propagated, new sugarcane varieties are produced from true seed. These seedlings are more susceptible to herbicidal injury and weed competition than conventional sugarcane. For sugarcane seedlings to succeed, weeds must be controlled therefore, the most effective herbicide program with regards to seedling safety must be implemented. The objectives of this research were …


Marker-Trait Association Mapping Of Sorghum Mosaic Virus Resistance In Sugarcane, Chenie Zamora Apr 2022

Marker-Trait Association Mapping Of Sorghum Mosaic Virus Resistance In Sugarcane, Chenie Zamora

LSU Master's Theses

Mosaic is a potentially devastating disease of sugarcane that had severe economic impact on Louisiana’s sugarcane industry in the 1920’s and has caused periodic problems ever since. The disease is vectored by migrating aphids that transmit Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) and Sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV) in a non-persistent manner. Mosaic in Louisiana is currently caused by strains of SrMV. Mosaic has been controlled primarily by developing resistant cultivars. Recently, mosaic was detected in some near-commercial clones in the cultivar selection program. This prompted extensive screening of breeding program parent populations that detected infiltration of susceptibility and revealed the need for …


Distribution And Incidence Of Mosaic And Evaluation Of Susceptibility In Louisiana's Current Sugarcane Germplasm, Jancee Rice Oct 2018

Distribution And Incidence Of Mosaic And Evaluation Of Susceptibility In Louisiana's Current Sugarcane Germplasm, Jancee Rice

LSU Master's Theses

Mosaic is a viral disease of sugarcane caused primarily by Sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV) in Louisiana. Low mosaic incidence has resulted from successful breeding for resistance. However, mosaic was detected in breeding program experimental clones and a new cultivar, HoCP 09-804.Therefore, multiple research approaches were undertaken to assess the current status of mosaic in Louisiana sugarcane and prevent it from re-emerging as an important problem. Field surveys conducted during 2016-2018 of breeding program yield trials and experimental clone seed-cane increases determined disease incidence and distribution. Mosaic was detected in three of five sugarcane production areas and incidence ranged from 0 …


Effects Of Application Timing And Soil Type On Optimal N Rate Requirement Of Sugarcane (Saccharum Spp.) And Changes In Soil Inorganic And Leaf N Concentrations, Joseph Martin Garrett Apr 2018

Effects Of Application Timing And Soil Type On Optimal N Rate Requirement Of Sugarcane (Saccharum Spp.) And Changes In Soil Inorganic And Leaf N Concentrations, Joseph Martin Garrett

LSU Master's Theses

Research is limited on the effects of soil types and early nitrogen (N) fertilizer applications to N management strategies in sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) production in Louisiana. This study was established in 2015 at two locations in St. Gabriel, LA to 1) determine the effect of fertilizer application timing and soil type on the optimal N rate requirement and yield of sugarcane and 2) relate the relationship of soil and leaf N content to yield at different growth stages with sugarcane yield. Treatments were set in a randomized block design on a clay soil and in a complete randomized …


Evaluation Of Controlled-Release Nitrogen And Potassium Fertilizer In Louisiana Sugarcane Production, Samuel Kwakye Apr 2018

Evaluation Of Controlled-Release Nitrogen And Potassium Fertilizer In Louisiana Sugarcane Production, Samuel Kwakye

LSU Master's Theses

Sugarcane (Saccharum spp) production is an integral part of Louisiana's economy. Proper fertilizer management, particularly nitrogen (N) and potassium (K), optimizes sugarcane production. An experiment was established in 2015 at the LSU AgCenter Sugar Research Station in St. Gabriel, Louisiana to: (1) assess the effect of N and K fertilizer sources on sugarcane yield and quality parameters, and (2) monitor the changes in inorganic N and K levels in the soil at different sugarcane growth stages. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design on a Sharkey clay soil and complete randomized design on a Commerce …


A Comparison Of Soils And Their Associated Microbial Communities As Affected By Sugarcane Cultivation, Adam Francis Bigott Aug 2017

A Comparison Of Soils And Their Associated Microbial Communities As Affected By Sugarcane Cultivation, Adam Francis Bigott

LSU Master's Theses

In Louisiana, sugarcane has been grown in the same soils for over 200 years. A phenomenon wherein soils with a long-term sugarcane cropping history produce decreased yields compared to adjacent land without a recent history of sugarcane cultivation has been documented in multiple sugarcane growing regions. Research in both Louisiana and internationally has shown positive plant growth responses when soils with a long-term cultivation history are sterilized or treated with selective biocides, suggesting there is a biological component to the underlying soil health issue. In this study, soil microbial ecology was compared for paired sites with short and long-term sugarcane …


Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency And Yield In Louisiana Sugarcane Production Systems, Daniel Ernesto Forestieri Jan 2017

Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency And Yield In Louisiana Sugarcane Production Systems, Daniel Ernesto Forestieri

LSU Master's Theses

Proper nitrogen (N) management is essential to optimize crop production. This study was conducted to evaluate different N fertilizer management strategies to improve N use efficiency and yield in sugarcane production in Louisiana. This research was initiated in 2013 at the Sugar Research Station in St. Gabriel, LA and was arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications consisting of different N rates (0, 45, 90, and 135 kg N ha-1) and sources (urea-46% N, ammonium nitrate [AN]-34% N, and urea-ammonium-nitrate solution [UAN]-32% N dribbled and knifed-in) as treatments. Sensor readings were taken from different N response trials …


Detection And Quantification Of Xanthomonas Albilineans In Sugarcane Tissues With Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction And Evaluation As Methodology For Monitoring Resistance, Andres Felipe Gutierrez Viveros Jan 2014

Detection And Quantification Of Xanthomonas Albilineans In Sugarcane Tissues With Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction And Evaluation As Methodology For Monitoring Resistance, Andres Felipe Gutierrez Viveros

LSU Master's Theses

Leaf scald, caused by Xanthomonas albilineans, is a major sugarcane disease worldwide that is controlled primarily with host plant resistance. Since visual evaluation of disease resistance can be uncertain due to erratic symptom expression, a more reliable screening method is needed for resistance research. A quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay was developed previously with demonstrated potential for resistance screening. However, only four cultivars with extreme reaction against the disease (two highly susceptible and two highly resistant) were compared. Therefore, additional research was conducted to demonstrate assay specificity, compare bacterial populations in 31 clones with varying levels of susceptibility at …


Screening For Resistance To Sugarcane Brown Rust With Controlled Conditions Inoculation, Mavir Carolina Avellaneda Barbosa Jan 2014

Screening For Resistance To Sugarcane Brown Rust With Controlled Conditions Inoculation, Mavir Carolina Avellaneda Barbosa

LSU Master's Theses

Brown rust, caused by Puccinia melanocephala, is an important disease of sugarcane. Breeding for host plant resistance is the primary control measure. Screening for resistance has relied on rating the severity of symptoms caused by natural infection; however, erratic results make this method problematic. A method accomplishing both infection and disease expression under controlled conditions could avoid the problems associated with resistance evaluations under natural infection. Inoculation of seedlings was evaluated to determine whether it could provide accurate resistance ratings in cross appraisal, and inoculation under controlled conditions was evaluated for the potential to accurately determine resistance reactions in clones …


Effect Of Sugarcane Residue Management On Soil Organic Carbon In A Louisiana Agricultural System: Implications For Carbon Sequestration, April Newman Jan 2014

Effect Of Sugarcane Residue Management On Soil Organic Carbon In A Louisiana Agricultural System: Implications For Carbon Sequestration, April Newman

LSU Master's Theses

The soil organic carbon (SOC) pool is an important component of the global carbon budget. Agricultural systems in particular have been identified as an area in which SOC may be increased appreciably when managed for carbon sequestration. In the southern climate region of the United States, potential rates of carbon sequestration in soils are largely unquantified. The aim of this study was to quantify SOC and its spatial variability under two long-term residue management systems, burn and no-burn, for sugarcane (Saccharum Spp. Hyb.). Soil cores to a depth of 1 m were collected using a Giddings probe. Thirty soil cores …


Development And Utilization Of Molecular Markers To Study Genetic Diversity Of Smooth Cordgrass And Cold Tolerance Sugarcane, Lina Bernaola Alvarado Jan 2012

Development And Utilization Of Molecular Markers To Study Genetic Diversity Of Smooth Cordgrass And Cold Tolerance Sugarcane, Lina Bernaola Alvarado

LSU Master's Theses

Smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora Loisel) and sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids) are both grasses that belong to the family Poaceae and have significant impact on Louisiana environment and economy. Coastal Louisiana accounts to ~80% of the national wetland loss through natural and human interventions; (re)vegetation is considered an important component of coastal restoration efforts. Smooth cordgrass, a warm season marsh grass, is used as an ecosystem engineer to stabilize and restore Louisiana coastal marshes. In this study, genetic diversity was determined among 13 elite smooth cordgrass accessions of Louisiana through 276 polymorphic markers generated by 23 SSR and 32 RAPD primers. …


Advanced Management Of The Mexican Rice Borer (Eoreuma Loftini) In Sugarcane, Blake Emerson Wilson Jan 2011

Advanced Management Of The Mexican Rice Borer (Eoreuma Loftini) In Sugarcane, Blake Emerson Wilson

LSU Master's Theses

Insecticide, greenhouse and varietal resistance experiments were conducted in Texas to develop management tactics for the Mexican rice borer, Eoreuma loftini (Dyar), sugarcane. A 3-treatment, large plot aerial application study was set up in 5 commercial sugarcane fields (35-84 acres) to evaluate the utilization of pheromone traps to improve chemical control strategies for E. loftini during 2009 and 2010 growing seasons. A threshold of 20-25 moths/trap/wk was used as an indicator to initiate monitoring for E. loftini larval infestations. Larval infestations were directly related to the no. of moths/trap/wk (R2=0.71). Reductions in borer injury and adult emergence (60% and 40% …


Eptc In Sugarcane (Saccharum Spp. Hybrids): Incorporation Methods, Weed Control, And Crop Tolerance, José Rodolfo Mite Cáceres Jan 2010

Eptc In Sugarcane (Saccharum Spp. Hybrids): Incorporation Methods, Weed Control, And Crop Tolerance, José Rodolfo Mite Cáceres

LSU Master's Theses

Research conducted over two years evaluated EPTC at 2.0, 2.9, 3.9, and 4.9 kg ai/ha incorporated on pre-formed sugarcane beds using a Lilliston® rolling cultivator and a hipper/bedder. Averaged across EPTC rates 30 days after application, bermudagrass was controlled 62% when incorporated with a rolling cultivator compared with 43% for the hipper/bedder. For johnsongrass and purple nutsedge, incorporation implements were equally effective and control with EPTC 30 days after application averaged 49 and 30%, respectively. Averaged across incorporation methods, control of all weeds 30 days after EPTC application was maximized at 3.9 kg/ha, but control was no greater than when …


An Economic Analysis Of The Costs Of Alternative Sugarcane Fallow Weed Control Programs, José Rodolfo Mite Cáceres Jan 2010

An Economic Analysis Of The Costs Of Alternative Sugarcane Fallow Weed Control Programs, José Rodolfo Mite Cáceres

LSU Master's Theses

Economic research was conducted to present estimates of costs per acre associated with fallow sugarcane weed control programs for Louisiana in 2010. The 2010 projected costs are associated with the various phases of sugarcane fallow using different machinery, implements, and weed control practices followed by most growers in the main sugarcane production area of Louisiana. For bermudagrass and johnsongrass weed control treatments, the herbicides applied were Roundup Original Max at 46 oz/A, generic glyphosate at 64 oz/A, DuPont K4 60DG, Trifluralin 4EC at 4 qt/A, and EPTC at 3.5 pt/A. Purple nutsedge weed control treatments included Roundup Original Max at …


Determination Of The Economic Optimal Cycle Length For Major Sugarcane (Saccharum Spp.) Varieties In Louisiana, Juan Steer Nunes Jan 2010

Determination Of The Economic Optimal Cycle Length For Major Sugarcane (Saccharum Spp.) Varieties In Louisiana, Juan Steer Nunes

LSU Master's Theses

The general objective of the study was to determine the economically optimal crop cycle length for major sugarcane varieties currently being produced in Louisiana. The specific objectives of the project included the specification of the mathematical acreage relationships which directly impact the production of a vegetatively propagated perennial crop in a whole farm context; the development of producer decision rules to be used to determine breakeven sugar levels on third stubble sugarcane crops for major varieties in the state; the evaluation of the impact of changes in production factors on developed crop replacement rules; and the optimal cycle length for …


Assessment Of Target Purity Difference For A Louisiana Sugar Mill, Luz Stella Polanco Jan 2009

Assessment Of Target Purity Difference For A Louisiana Sugar Mill, Luz Stella Polanco

LSU Master's Theses

The main goals of a “raw” sugarcane factory are to have an efficient profitable operation with the required sugar quality and maximum sugar recovery. The loss of sugar to final molasses accounts for 45 to 47% of the total sugar losses. An estimation of the average cost of the manufacturing losses for the 2007 harvest season was approximately $9 million – the sugar lost to the final molasses accounts for approximately 50% of this cost (Salassi, 2008). For final molasses, the “Target Purity” (or equilibrium purity) refers to the minimum level of sucrose that theoretically remains in solution for a …


An Economic Evaluation Of Sugarcane Combine Harvester Costs And Optimal Harvest Schedules For Louisiana, Francis Gil Barker Jan 2007

An Economic Evaluation Of Sugarcane Combine Harvester Costs And Optimal Harvest Schedules For Louisiana, Francis Gil Barker

LSU Master's Theses

Rising production costs, primarily associated with increasing fuel and fertilizer prices, combined with a relatively flat to slightly declining market price trend, have significantly reduced profit margins from sugarcane production in Louisiana over the past few years. Harvest operations are one area in which growers can have considerable influence on costs per unit. Estimation of current sugarcane harvest costs as well as economic evaluation of the impact of various factors on the performance and cost of this production phase are important to growers in conducting these harvest operations as efficiently and cost effectively as possible. The general objective of this …


Reduced Tillage And Residue Management Programs In Sugarcane (Saccharum Spp. Hybrids), Wilson Elie Judice Jan 2005

Reduced Tillage And Residue Management Programs In Sugarcane (Saccharum Spp. Hybrids), Wilson Elie Judice

LSU Master's Theses

The effect of tillage and weed control programs on ‘LCP 85-384’ sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids) growth and yield and on economics was evaluated over two growing seasons. When row shoulders and middles were not tilled in March soil temperature in the non-cultivated sugarcane drill early in the growing season was equal to that where March tillage was performed. Sugarcane and sugar yield were each equivalent for the full season tillage (off-bar tillage in March plus layby tillage in May) and the no-till program. Weeds were effectively controlled with a March application of hexazinone at 0.59 kg ai/ha plus diuron at …


Genetic Diversity Among Sugarcane Clones Using Target Region Amplification Polymorphism (Trap) Markers And Pedigree Relationships, Jie Alojado Arro Jan 2005

Genetic Diversity Among Sugarcane Clones Using Target Region Amplification Polymorphism (Trap) Markers And Pedigree Relationships, Jie Alojado Arro

LSU Master's Theses

Genetic diversity is indispensable to sustain genetic gain in breeding programs. Cultivated sugarcane is a highly heterozygous hybrid derived from crossing two highly heterozygous parents. Sugarcane breeders traditionally rely on pedigree records to select parents. Molecular markers now make it possible to assess genetic diversity at the DNA level. Sixty three sugarcane clones were characterised using Target Region Amplification Polymorphism (TRAP) markers and pedigree relationship (Coefficient of parentage (COP)). The TRAP is a PCR-based marker with a fixed primer designed from Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) sequences paired with an arbitrary primer. It is supposed to unravel trait based polymorphism in …


Sugarcane Seed Response To 2,4-D And Alternative Herbicides For Red Morningglory (Ipomoea Coccinea L.) Control, Jonathan Daniel Siebert Jan 2003

Sugarcane Seed Response To 2,4-D And Alternative Herbicides For Red Morningglory (Ipomoea Coccinea L.) Control, Jonathan Daniel Siebert

LSU Master's Theses

Field studies conducted over two growing seasons evaluated the effect of 2,4-D applied at 1.6 kg ai/ha to LCP 85-384 sugarcane (Saccharum interspecific hybrid) 7, 5, 3, and 1 wk before planting (WBP). Sugarcane was planted in mid-September using both whole stalk and billet (45 cm) seed pieces. When 2,4-D was applied 5 wk or closer to planting, sugarcane shoot emergence and population averaged across planting methods was reduced 5, 7, and 28 wk after planting (WAP) when compared to the nontreated control. Sugarcane height in one of two years was reduced when 2,4-D was applied 5 wk or closer …


Economic Analysis Of The Best Management Practices (Bmps) In Louisiana Sugarcane Production, Ying Zhong Jan 2003

Economic Analysis Of The Best Management Practices (Bmps) In Louisiana Sugarcane Production, Ying Zhong

LSU Master's Theses

Agriculture has been identified as one of the major sources of nonpoint water pollution due to discharges running off farmland. This study assessed the current adoption of Best Management Practices (BMPs) in the Louisiana sugarcane industry and provided policy recommendations based on the empirical results. Fifteen BMPs recommended by Louisiana State University Agricultural Center were examined in three categories: Soil Erosion and Sediment Control, Nutrient Management, and Pesticide Management. Based on neoclassical economic principles of individual’s utility maximization, this study evaluated seven multivariate probit models using primary data collected from a mail survey of Louisiana’s sugarcane producers. The results indicated …