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The Toluene-Aluminum Chloride-Hydrogen Chloride Complex, William Spencer Cassedy

Honors Theses

It was the aim of the project to: 1- Develop analytical techniques to determine the relative amounts of the aluminum chloride, hydrogen chloride, and toluene in the dark liquid catalyst. 2 - Determine the change in the relative amounts of aluminum chloride, hydrogen chloride, and toluene with time as the addition of hydrogen chloride was discontinued and the reaction mixture was left standing, prot cted fro moisture by a drying tube.

Synthesis Of 2--Aryl--Tetrahydro--3--Methyl--4--H--1,3--Thiazine--4--One--1,1--Dioxides And Chloromrthylation Of P--Dichloro-Benzene, Robert Nye Downer

Honors Theses

Extensive background material and experimentation on the synthesis of 2--aryl--tetrahydro--3--methyl--4--H--1,3--thiazine--4--one--1,1--dioxides and chloromrthylation of p--dichloro-benzene.

Attempted Rearrangement Of N-Nitrosolactams, Richard Albert Dybas

Honors Theses

This research was concerned with the preparation and subsequent atempted rearrangement of 5,8-dimenthyl-N-nitrosohydrocarbostyril (I).

Quiet-Mercury-Pool Voltammetry Of Copper In Aluminum Alloys, Winfield Scott Bigelow

Honors Theses

Several workers have demonstrated the analytical usefulness of the quiet-mercury-pool. Voltammetry at the QMP possesses a considerable advantage in sensitivity over "ordinary" polarography. Its demonstrated potentialities have prompted this study into the possibility of developing a technique, based on the quiet pool, for the routine determination of copper in aluminum alloys.

Tellurium (Vi): Polarography And Polyol Complexes, Peter T. Kissinger

Honors Theses

In 1782 the element tellurium was discovered by Baron Franz Joseph Miller Von Reichenstein. Muller first isolated the element from Transylvanian gold ore (2). Klaproth verified this work and in 1978 proposed that the substance be called tellurium. The etymology of the work begins with the Latin noun tellus, meaning earth. Students of Roman mythology will recall the ancient deity, Tellus, goddess of marriage and fertility. The history of the discovery of tellurium is a particularly interesting one. Serious students of the element will enjoy reading the account given by Mary Eliva Weeks (3, 4, 5). Telluric acid is a …

Basicity As A Function Of Water Concentration In Mixed Solvent, Dimethysulfoxide-Water Solution, Philip Mauro French

Honors Theses

The pH and pOH functions of, respectively, acid and base are meaningful measures of the acidity of dilute—i.e. up to about one Molar—solitons. Outside this range however, they are almost useless, and the establishment of other measure of acidity is necessary. Unfortunately, the results were far from conclusive, and, if anything opposed to the hypothesis. It seems safe to conclude that the use of aldehydes as an indicator series is prohibited in solution containing DMSO. Too many such indicators are totally barred from usage by its strong absorption below 260 mμ. Even those which were available for study yielded completely …

Cyclooctatrieneium Dicarbonium Ion, Carl George Seefried Jr.

Honors Theses

The peculiar group of chemical molecules termed aromatic have had particular significance in all fields of chemistry because of the unusual reactions they undergo. These reactions occur because of the additional stabilization energy that these molecules possess. This stability arises from the arrangement of delocalized π - electrons in the molecules.

A Study Of Sodium Phenylsiliconate, John Henry Daane

Honors Theses

The application of modern silicone chemistry knowledge and new analytical techniques to the elucidation of the structure of the hitherto uncharacterized, crystalline salt, sodium phenysiliconate, has been achieved. This salt, produced in 1914 by J. A. Meads and F. S. Kipping,. had been left structurally uncharacterized. This thesis builds upon the early work by applying to the problem the recent knowledge developed by J. F. Brown, Jr., and coworkers at the General Electric Research Laboratory.

Derivatives of the salt were made and characterized by a variety of analytical techniques. The silanols produced by the acidification of the sodium phenylsiliconate are …

A Donor Function For Methanolic Sodium Methanolic Sodium Methoxide Solutions, Edgar William Knaub

Honors Theses

A directly measured donor function was determined in .1 to 5 molar methanolic sodium methoxide solutions at 25 degree celsius using three of the substituted benzaldehyde indicators that were used by MacGregor to develop a donor function for aqueous alkalide hydroxide solutions.

Platinized Asbestos As A Fuel Cell Electrocatalyst, Howard Irwin Zeliger

Honors Theses

Platinized asbestos electrocatalysts were prepared by a variety of procedures. These catalysts were incorporated into test electrodes which were electrochemically evaluated in hydrogen - oxygen ambient temperature fuel cells. Catalysts were further scrutinized by the measurement of their specific platinum surface areas, and by the examination of electron micrographs of the materials. Fabrication procedure and composition of platinized asbestos containing electrodes were optimized, and fuel cell performances of electrodes containing the test catalysts were compared with the specific platinum surface areas of the catalysts.

The Kolbe Electrolysis Of Benzoic Acid, David Perry Beiter

Honors Theses

The synthesis of diphenyl from benzoic acid was accomplished by the Kolbe electrolysis. The complete inhibition, as found in aqueous solvents, was thus overcome by using the non-aqueous solvents, was thus overcome by using the non-aqueous mixture of pyridine and diethylamine. However, the yield was not sufficient to warrant consideration of the Kolbe electrolysis as a synthetic method, until improvements are made. Suggestions were offered for the possible increase in the yield of diphenyl. Should reasonably high yields be achieved, the method could be applied to the synthesis of substituted diphenyls.

Rapid Quantitative Analysis Of Basic Amino Acids By Ion Exchange Resin Paper Chromatography, John Ennis Coutant

Honors Theses

In partition chromatography a solid is used to hold a film of liquid and the distribution of a substance is between the liquid phase and another immiscible liquid phase. Because most substances have slightly different distribution coefficient between two immiscible solvents, a series of successive extractions will cause a separation. This is the predominant factor in the paper chromatography. The paper itself is an inert support holding a stationary aqueous phase. As the immiscible solvent flows past an area containing the solute, by capillary flow, partition occurs. When the immiscible solvent reaches an area not containing any solute, partition again …

Electrophoretic Analysis Of The Interaction Of Adenosinetriphosphate With Actomyosin, William Gordon Hunt

Honors Theses

The phenomenon of muscular contraction has long been of particular interest to physiologists, biochemists and pharmacologists. Much work has been done in an effort to elucidate the chemical interactions and the mechanisms of converting chemical energy to mechanical work in muscle. The application of electrophoresis to biological problems evolved rapidly after Tiselius adapted the electrophoretic apparatus in 1937. The modern apparatus for free flowing moving boundary work with its low temperature bath, U-tubes with precision ground optical faces and the ingenious schlieren optical system constitutes a powerful method for molecular-level research.

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Analysis Of Benzimidazole, Frank Willmott Williams

Honors Theses

The original project was concerned with the determination of the product of the reaction of an alcohol and vanadium 8-hydroxyquinolae. Because of the low solubility of the vanadium compound, this project had to be abandoned. It was then decided to make a detailed NMR spectra study on a single compound.

A Study Of The Dichlorobis [1,10 Phenathroline] Complex Of Cobalt (Iii), John Orville Ruid

Honors Theses

One of the major fields of inorganic chemistry deals with complex ions or molecules and is called coordination chemistry. A complex ion is merely a central ion, usually a metal, surrounded by a cluster or atoms, ions, or molecules of another species, covalently bound to the central ion.The significance of these compounds can be sensed when one realizes that the hemoglobin of blood and the chlorophyll of the green of plants are both complex ions. Chlorophyll has.magnesium as a central ion while the central ion of hemoglobin is iron.

Aryl Pseudohypochlorites - Some Reactions With Lewis Acids, Frederick Charles Schwab

Honors Theses

Several aryl hypochlorites were prepared by the action of chlorine on the sodium salts of substituted phenols. Infrared and ultraviolet spectral data confirmed a rearrangement of the resulting hypochlorites into ortho and para quinoid forms

Frledel-Crafts reactions were carried out with the pseudohypochlorites with either benzene or benzene or anisole. Aluminum chloride was used as the catalyst. Analysts of these reactions showed two concurrent but distinctly different reactions taking place. In one case, the pseudohypochlorites acted as a source of chloronium ions, causing chlorination of the solvent and regenerating the original substituted phenol. In the other reaction, it appeared that …

The Development Of The Slide Rule, Robert Bray

Honors Theses

Although the slide rule has been used extensively in business, industry, and science only in recent years, it is not a modern invention. Since the slide rule is a mechanical device whereby the logarithms of numbers may be manipulated, the slide rule of today was made possible over three and one-half centuries ago by John Napier, Baron of Merchiston in Scotland. In 1594, Napier privately communicated his results to Tycho Brake, a Danish astronomer, but did not publicly announce his system of logarithms until 1614. Napier set forth his purpose.

The Moderate Period Of The Temperance Reform, 1776-1833, Edith C. Burrows

Honors Theses

Temperance is an organized reform began at the end of the American Revolutionary War, its leaders inspired by the ravages dealt by alcoholics to the soldiers and sailors. At first self-control was desired; later self-denial was its dominant theme. Limited as it was, the temperance crusade, led by the aristocracy and the clergy, was naturally gradual in acquiring acceptance and strength. The course of its development from the 1780's until the mid-1830's was one of moderate demands, as compared with the later extremism, and one led by the fiery clerics and their assemblies, compared to the later common lay leadership.

Modern Concepts Of Schizophrenia, Wanda Hamilton

Honors Theses

No abstract provided.

The Memory Unit Of A Digital Computer, Bobby Ridgell

Honors Theses

Since the development of the first modern digital computer in August 1944, the digital computer has become one of the most essential machines of the modern day. According to Edmund Berkeley and Lawrence Wainwright it is one of the two events by which the twentieth century will be remembered. This development has also led to what has been called the Second Industrial Revolution. That so much importance should be placed on one development is extraordinary, but the far reaching effects of the digital computer are also extraordinary.

Clinical Psychology, Nancy Adams

Honors Theses

No abstract provided.

The Antislavery Crusade In The Burned-Over District During The 1830'S And 1840'S, Eugenia Henderson

Honors Theses

Easily affected because of their limited schooling and ultraist religious convictions, the inhabitants of the Burned-over District adopted the abolition crusade in the 1830's with much enthusiasm. Western New Yorkers's emphasis upon emotionalism aided the antislavery leaders. By dynamic preaching that slavery was a great evil, the abolitionists appealed to these people and converted many to the cause. The challenge of the movement especially interested these country folk.⁵ They could involve themselves in the cause because slavery did not touch the lives of the their neighbors or their family as for example temperance and perfectionism did.⁶ Slavery seemed …

A Summary Of Existing Rural Land Use Legislation In Virginia, John W. Russell

Honors Theses

This study is an attempt to bring related statutes together concerning land use in Virginia, presenting them in a simplified manner so that they can be read and understood by the layman. It is intended by no means to be taken as authoritative nor complete in detail. For the details and omission made herein, the Code of Virginia should be consulted.

Persons who are interested in conservation and development both local and state, may find here what laws exist in Virginia, that may be applied to land planning.

Poor Relief In Tudor England, Edith Burrows

Honors Theses

In many respects the sixteenth century in England marks the beginning of a definite acceleration toward modern humanitarianism. It was an era characterized by the slow decline and definite disap­pearance of all aspects of manorial society. The progressive changes in institutions and the way of thinking reciprocally aided each other, hastening the rise of a new, more humane society. The reforms, at first hesitant and cautious, were by the end of the cen­tury confident and deliberate.

A Puritan And His Devil : Religious Conflict Between William Prynne And William Laud, 1625-1645, Faye Newton

Honors Theses

In the period between 1625 and 1645, William Prynne "issued nearly a score of tracts," attacking English prelacy in general and William Laud in particular, twice suffered the severest of penalties next to death, endured lengthy imprisonment, and vanquished one of England's most powerful men, all in the name of militant Puritanism. During those twenty years, Prynne's savage but effective pen was directed almost solely to one holy end, the irrevocable defeat of the Laudian interpretation of worship by the English successors of Calvin. For Prynne there could be no thought of compromise. The forces of darkness were at work …

Latitudinarianism From Acontius To Chillingworth, Ann Mccauley Askew

Honors Theses

Increasing strife and disunity developed in religious matters in England after 1600. Simultaneously moderate men became increasingly concerned about the future of unified Christianity. Probably the most systematic and religiously conscious of the solutions offered resulted from the work three dedicated laymen, the Latitudinarians.

Land Legislation And Acquisition In Virginia In The Seventeenth Centruy, L. W. Gibbon

Honors Theses

No abstract provided.

The Establishment Of The Baptists In England In The Early Part Of The Seventeenth Century, Eugenia Henderson

Honors Theses

In 1558 with the accession of a Protestant Queen on the throne, England had the appearance of religious freedom. Around 1559 Dutch and Flemish dissenters emigrated to England bringing with them Baptist beliefs. Elizabeth's religious policy, however, was not one of toleration. Not being a religious zealot, she desired a workable religious situation. As a result the Elizabethan Settlement was a compromise and came to mean no religious liberty but no inquisition. In 1559 Elizabeth became Supreme Governor of the Anglican Church in the Act of Supremacy. The Act of Uniformity passed in the same year forced the people to …