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Factors Associated With Treatment Acceptance And Compliance Among Incarcerated Male Sex Offenders, Carl B. Clegg
Factors Associated With Treatment Acceptance And Compliance Among Incarcerated Male Sex Offenders, Carl B. Clegg
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
The present study examined factors associated with acceptance and completion of treatment among incarcerated male sex offenders. The files of 156 sex offenders who had been offered treatment at a medium-security state prison were reviewed. Participants were divided into three groups: those who refused treatment from the outset (n = 59); those who began treatment, but later dropped-out or were expelled due to non-compliance ( n = 61); and those who completed treatment or were in an advanced stage of treatment and had never been non-compliant (n = 36). Data were collected for the following variables: age, education, race, marital …
The Influence Of Forgiveness And Apology On Cardiovascular Reactivity To Mental Stress, Matthew C. Whited
The Influence Of Forgiveness And Apology On Cardiovascular Reactivity To Mental Stress, Matthew C. Whited
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
This study sought to investigate the relation between forgiveness and cardiovascular reactivity and recovery in the laboratory as influenced by apology. Men (n = 29) and women (n = 50) were chosen for participation based on scoring in the top or bottom third of the Forgiving Personality Inventory. Participants were exposed to an interpersonal transgression (i.e., harassment by the experimenter) while performing a serial subtraction task. Cardiovascular activity was measured before, during, and following the task. Also following the task, approximately half of the participants received an apology from the experimenter for his/her scripted rude behavior. No reactivity differences during …
Gender Differences In The Impact Of Perceived Social Support On The Relation Between Disability And Depressive Symptoms, Merideth Smith
Gender Differences In The Impact Of Perceived Social Support On The Relation Between Disability And Depressive Symptoms, Merideth Smith
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Older adults with functional disabilities are at an increased risk for experiencing depressive symptoms. Studies using cross-sectional analyses have reported that social support mediates the relation between depressive symptoms and functional disability in older adults. Nonetheless, few studies have investigated this model over time. Additionally, the role of gender in this mediation relation has not been explored. This study used latent growth curve modeling to investigate the potential mediating role of perceived social support within the relationship between disability and depression and whether gender moderates that relation. Twins (n = 656) and co-twins (n = 678) from the Swedish Adoption/Twin …
Examining The Efficacy Of Parent -Child Interaction Therapy With High -Functioning Autism, Joshua J. Masse
Examining The Efficacy Of Parent -Child Interaction Therapy With High -Functioning Autism, Joshua J. Masse
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Externalizing behaviors are a common component of the clinical presentation of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and are typically the initial focus of treatment for children within this population. Although a number of therapies targeting behaviors characteristic of ASD exist, most do not offer a short-term, manual-based approach aimed at increasing child compliance. Although traditionally used with typically-developing children, Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) is one behaviorally-based, short-term (∼14 sessions) parent training program that has demonstrated success in increasing child compliance, reducing problem behavior, and improving parent-child communication. The study examined the efficacy of PCIT as a first-line treatment for children with …
An Examination Of Adolescent Nicotine Withdrawal Symptoms: A Validation Of The Nicotine Withdrawal Assessment For Youth, Matthew E. Goldfine
An Examination Of Adolescent Nicotine Withdrawal Symptoms: A Validation Of The Nicotine Withdrawal Assessment For Youth, Matthew E. Goldfine
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
The present study evaluated the nicotine withdrawal symptoms of current adolescent cigarette smokers and examined the psychometric properties of the Nicotine Withdrawal Assessment for Youth (N-WAY), a new measure of adolescent nicotine withdrawal symptoms. Smokers and nonsmokers, ranging in age from 13-19 years old, were found to report significantly different rates of 10 of 19 purported nicotine withdrawal symptoms: anger, headaches, alertness, feeling depressed, nervousness, dizziness, irritability, conflict with family, conflict with school staff, and cigarette cravings. In addition, smokers were found to be significantly older and consume more daily caffeine than nonsmokers. The data imply that caffeine use may …
The Introduction Of Forgiveness Into A Path Analytical Model Of The Association Between Parental Divorce And Adult Attachment, Amanda L. Wheat
The Introduction Of Forgiveness Into A Path Analytical Model Of The Association Between Parental Divorce And Adult Attachment, Amanda L. Wheat
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Several factors (i.e., parental divorce, parent-child relationship quality, interparental conflict, individual forgiveness) that have been investigated separately in relation to adult romantic attachment were examined alongside family forgiveness, which has not previously explored in relation to attachment. Undergraduate students (N = 299) completed several surveys online for the current study. Several significant findings emerged when factors were considered in path models individually, and in an overall path model built on the basis of those individual model findings. Maternal and paternal social support, maternal negative interactions, and family forgiveness were moderators of parental divorce---romantic attachment relations. Based upon these findings, it …
How Influential Are They? The Role Of Parents, Social Support, Attachment, And Autonomy In College Students' Likelihood To Experience Social Anxiety, Andrea M. Jones
How Influential Are They? The Role Of Parents, Social Support, Attachment, And Autonomy In College Students' Likelihood To Experience Social Anxiety, Andrea M. Jones
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Previous research has found that parental control predicts social anxiety and is moderated by parental proximity, as measured by the amount of contact one has with their parent; however there have been no studies examining how levels of parental proximity may change over the course of a young adult's life. The purpose of the current study was to examine how variables previously associated with social anxiety change across a semester of college. The current study examined parental proximity, autonomy, social support and social anxiety at three points across the semester. Thirty-nine undergraduate students at West Virginia University participated in the …
Behavioral Inhibition And Behavioral Activation In College Students: The Effects Of Aversive Control, Chad S. Brice
Behavioral Inhibition And Behavioral Activation In College Students: The Effects Of Aversive Control, Chad S. Brice
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Negative reinforcement is utilized in many contexts in our society but its differential effects in relation to individual differences are rarely studied. It is very similar in form to punishment in that they are both forms of aversive control, and only differs in the sense that negative reinforcement is a technique utilized to increase rather than reduce a behavior. Researchers, starting with Gray, have shown that individuals higher in inhibition and anxiety are more responsive to punishment, while individuals who are more impulsive are more sensitive to rewards. The positive relation between anxiety and sensitivity to punishment suggests that individuals …
Insomnia Symptoms, Nightmares And Suicidal Ideation In A University Sample, Michael R. Nadorff
Insomnia Symptoms, Nightmares And Suicidal Ideation In A University Sample, Michael R. Nadorff
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Previous research has demonstrated a link between insomnia symptoms, nightmares, and suicidal ideation. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether insomnia symptoms and nightmares were related to suicidal ideation independent of each other. Further, the study aimed to determine whether suicidal ideation and nightmares were related with suicidal ideation independent of the symptoms of anxiety, depression, and PTSD. The study consisted of 583 undergraduate students at West Virginia University. Results indicated that both nightmares (beta = .054 (SE = .008), p > .01) and insomnia symptoms (beta = .045 (SE = .009), p > .01) were related to suicidal ideation, …
Understanding Emotional Pain: A Preliminary Investigation, Ben Weinstein
Understanding Emotional Pain: A Preliminary Investigation, Ben Weinstein
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
The purpose of this study was to examine the construct of emotional pain, as well as its relation to other affective and sensory states. There were 250 undergraduates who signed into an online data collection mechanism and were randomly assigned to five groups in which they wrote a vignette about a personal experience. Participants who indicated they previously had experienced the situation wrote a personal account about an emotionally painful, physically painful, traumatic, depressing, or joyful situation. Additionally, participants completed questionnaires to describe emotional state, pain descriptions, anxiety sensitivity and possible symptoms of depression and posttraumatic stress disorder associated with …
Characterizing The Relation Between Depressive Symptoms And Parkinson's Disease In A Sample Of Swedish Twins, Rebecca K. Widoe
Characterizing The Relation Between Depressive Symptoms And Parkinson's Disease In A Sample Of Swedish Twins, Rebecca K. Widoe
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Depression commonly co-occurs with Parkinson's disease (PD). Psychosocial stressors and biochemical changes associated with PD have both been implicated in the etiology of depression in PD. The purpose of the current study was to examine whether genetic or environmental influences contribute to the increased risk for depressive symptoms among individuals with PD in a population of twins. Among individuals with PD, 24% endorsed a moderate-severe level of depressive symptoms, and 64% endorsed at least a mild level of depressive symptoms. Case-control results indicated that PD is a significant risk factor for both mild (OR = 3.11, CI = 1.82-5.31) and …
Dispositional Mindfulness And Cardiovascular Reactivity To Sensory Rejection And Sensory Intake Tasks, Paula R. Prentice
Dispositional Mindfulness And Cardiovascular Reactivity To Sensory Rejection And Sensory Intake Tasks, Paula R. Prentice
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Mindfulness is a trained or dispositional state of "being" that has been linked to positive mental and physical health effects. Although preliminary findings on cortical activation have shown mindfulness to be associated with increased frontal activation and reduced limbic activity, very little is known regarding the influence of mindfulness on autonomic nervous system activity. The present study sought to determine how participants varying in self-reported levels of dispositional mindfulness reacted to tasks differing on attention to environmental stimuli. Cardiovascular reactivity [heart rate, heart rate variability (HRV), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure] to a sensory intake task (computerized reaction time …
The Effect Of Attentional Bias On Suggestibility, Elizabeth E. Stacom
The Effect Of Attentional Bias On Suggestibility, Elizabeth E. Stacom
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Research implies that individuals with high anxiety levels may be more accurate in response to misleading questions when compared to individuals with low anxiety levels (Ridley & Clifford, 2004; Ridley, Clifford, & Keogh, 2002). This effect may be because individuals with high anxiety levels demonstrate an attentional memory bias toward threatening stimuli. The present study investigated whether a high versus low attentional bias affects suggestibility. Seventy participants completed a visual probe task to measure attentional bias. Next, participants were presented with 11 threatening pictures. Each picture was followed by a distractor task. Participants were then asked two misleading and two …
Male Sexual Violence Victimization: Definitions, Epidemiological Profile, And Psychological Impact, Ekta Choudhary
Male Sexual Violence Victimization: Definitions, Epidemiological Profile, And Psychological Impact, Ekta Choudhary
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Sexual violence or sexual assault refers to any forcible or non-forcible sexual activity where consent is not obtained or freely given. In comparison to female victims, there is a relative paucity of literature examining the characteristics and adverse health outcomes associated with male sexual assault as well as long-term consequences. Past studies have relied primarily on population-based survey data to estimate the prevalence of sexual assault and associated health outcomes. The main objective of this study was to enhance our understanding of male sexual assault through results obtained from three related projects. In the first study, data from the 2001-2005 …