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Applying Stages Of Change Theory To An Acute Pain Situation: Development Of The Childbirth Stages Of Change Questionnaire (Csocq), Rebecca K. Widoe
Applying Stages Of Change Theory To An Acute Pain Situation: Development Of The Childbirth Stages Of Change Questionnaire (Csocq), Rebecca K. Widoe
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Various self-management methods and pharmacological agents are available to relieve childbirth pain. Decisions about pain management during labor have medical, psychological, and sociological ramifications, yet research investigating the selection of childbirth pain management strategies is scarce. The purpose of the current study was to develop a self-report instrument, the Childbirth Stages of Change Questionnaire (CSOCQ), to assess a pregnant woman's readiness to self-manage childbirth pain. Items representative of five levels of readiness were generated by experts. Next, 3 pregnant women evaluated items for content validity. A pilot CSOCQ was administered to 536 undergraduate women. Factor analysis and item-reliabilities were conducted …
Child Distress During Immunization: The Influence Of Child And Parent Individual Difference Variables, Melissa Demore
Child Distress During Immunization: The Influence Of Child And Parent Individual Difference Variables, Melissa Demore
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Routine childhood immunization injections result child distress, which may have lasting negative effects on children, parents, and staff, and impact adherence to schedules of immunization. Aims of the current study were to (a) examine the role of child and parent individual difference variables in relation to child immunization distress, and (b) determine whether child distress predicts future immunization schedule adherence.;Parents of 50 children (aged 12--18 months) attending a visit to a pediatric medical clinic for purposes of immunization completed measures of child temperament, parent psychopathology, immunization beliefs, and prior medical distress of the child. Child distress during the immunization injection …
Effectiveness Of "Counseling As A Related Service" In Hawaii's Public Schools As Measured By The Behavior Assessment System For Children, Second Edition (Basc-2), Gregory A. Lobb
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This study examined the effectiveness of "counseling as a related service" in Hawaii's public schools by examining the improvement on a teacher rating scale and also examining counseling minutes received by these same students. This study utilized 346 students receiving Level 4 and Level 5 services who were first refereed for "counseling as a related service" during the first quarter of 2055. Improvement is measured using the Behavioral Assessment System for Children, Second Edition (BASC-2) (Reynolds & Kamphaus, 2004). Findings revealed that counseling interventions indicated statistically significant change in T Scores on the BASC-2 from Pre assessment to Post assessment. …
Evaluation Of A Tube Feeding Decision Aid For Substitute Decision Makers, Emily H. Bower
Evaluation Of A Tube Feeding Decision Aid For Substitute Decision Makers, Emily H. Bower
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Substitute decision makers may be in a position to make "preference-sensitive" decisions for their patient, including whether to approve tube feeding. The present study evaluated the only known tube feeding decision aid for substitute decision makers (Mitchell, Tetroe, & O'Conner, 2001). Sixty adults completed a pre-questionnaire, read an active control brochure (control group) or decision aid (experimental group), and completed a post-questionnaire. Both groups demonstrated increased knowledge and decisional conflict at post-test, although the experimental group had higher scores in both. Participants who were either in favor or against tube feeding at pre-test rarely changed their decision at post-test. Control …
Conduct Disorder And Future Substance Abuse: Factors Affecting Drug Treatment Outcome, Matthew E. Goldfine
Conduct Disorder And Future Substance Abuse: Factors Affecting Drug Treatment Outcome, Matthew E. Goldfine
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Prior research has demonstrated a relation between Conduct Disorder (CD), its severity (total number of symptoms), and substance use disorder (SUD). The current study examined 105 opioid dependent adults for a history of CD and treatment outcome characteristics over a 16 week SUD treatment program. Results demonstrate the effects of CD in regards to poorer improvement of summed Addiction Severity Index composite scores and amphetamine use. Improvement in cocaine use was found to be associated with a CD diagnosis. CD severity was found to lead to poorer improvement as measured by psychiatric impairment and alcohol intoxication. However, participants with increased …
Navigating The Ethical Quandaries Of Wraparound Multi -Systemic Treatment (Mst): A Comparative Study Between In -Home And Outpatient Therapies, Joseph M. Roberts
Navigating The Ethical Quandaries Of Wraparound Multi -Systemic Treatment (Mst): A Comparative Study Between In -Home And Outpatient Therapies, Joseph M. Roberts
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Multisystemic treatments (MST) have become a significant force in the mental health community over the past decade. Yet, scant literature is available in regards to differing ethical considerations that may arise when working outside of a traditional office setting. The current research reviewed key ethical issues within the therapeutic relationship (i.e., confidentiality, dual roles), and extended the discussion to pertinent, often unrecognized issues endemic to in-home service modalities (i.e., confidentiality, role confusion, client diffusion, and unintentional witnessing).;More specifically, this research examined whether certain ethical violations are perceived to occur less frequently in outpatient settings compared to in-home settings. It was …
Efficacy Of In-Home Parent -Child Interaction Therapy, Lisa M. Ware
Efficacy Of In-Home Parent -Child Interaction Therapy, Lisa M. Ware
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In recent years, there has been much discussion of the efficacy and effectiveness of mental health interventions for children as well as the transportation of empirically-supported treatments (ESTs) to field settings. While there have been efforts to improve dissemination of ESTs, little research has examined the efficacy of treatments in settings other than the traditional clinic. A logical initial step in this line of research is to examine whether the efficacy of ESTs can be demonstrated in community settings such as in the home environment. There are many hypothesized benefits to providing services in the home setting. Based on the …
Training Nursing Students In Evidence-Based Nonpharmacological Pain Management Techniques, Jill E. Maclaren
Training Nursing Students In Evidence-Based Nonpharmacological Pain Management Techniques, Jill E. Maclaren
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Pain is a common and potentially debilitating condition. Whereas there is vast literature on developmentally appropriate behavioral techniques for pain management, results of curriculum evaluations and knowledge surveys reveal a dearth of awareness of these strategies in healthcare professionals. This study evaluated the effects of a brief didactic training program for student nurses in developmentally appropriate behavioral pain management strategies for children. Results indicated that students who received the training program had significantly more knowledge of behavioral strategies following the training program than they had evidenced before the program. Further, these participants evidenced higher knowledge following the training program than …
Social Status And Behavioral Observations Of Children Exhibiting Comorbid Anxiety And Adhd Symptoms, Daniel B. Chorney
Social Status And Behavioral Observations Of Children Exhibiting Comorbid Anxiety And Adhd Symptoms, Daniel B. Chorney
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
The development of strong and positive relationships early in childhood is key to later social adjustment. Many behaviors have been shown to be related to children's status among their peers, defining whether they will be seen as popular, rejected, neglected, controversial, or of average status in the child's peer group. Children who display anxious behaviors are often overlooked by their peers, while aggressive and disruptive behaviors can lead to rejection. A small proportion of students display both symptoms of anxiety and ADHD, and prior research fails to show what peer status group most represents these children, or what social interaction …
Comparison Of Parenting Practices, Acculturation, And The Acceptability Of Behavioral Parent Training Programs Between A Native American And A Non-Native American Sample, Joshua J. Masse
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Behavioral parent training (BPT) has been shown to be a highly effective treatment for children with disruptive behavior disorders. Although a great deal of promising research concerning BPT exists, it is important to recognize that current BPT programs were developed and normed based on European-American ideologies regarding parenting, with the assumption that these programs will apply to parents from cultural minority groups as well. The current study evaluated differences in parenting practices between a sample of Native American parents and non-Native parents. In addition, group differences regarding sensitivity and acceptability of techniques that are commonly used in BPT programs were …
Debiasing The Framing Effect In Younger And Older Adults' Medical Decision Making, Erin L. Woodhead
Debiasing The Framing Effect In Younger And Older Adults' Medical Decision Making, Erin L. Woodhead
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The framing effect is a common decisional bias. In the current study, the framing effect and its avoidance via a debiasing questionnaire was studied with younger and older adults making decisions regarding lung cancer treatment. Participants received three cancer scenarios framed in either survival or mortality terms, with scenarios presented in cumulative probability, interval probability, and life expectancy format. There were two between-subjects factors and one within-subjects factor. Younger adults exhibited the framing effect with the cumulative and interval probability formats. No framing effect was found in the debias condition. Older adults exhibited the framing effect with the interval probability …
Development Of A Computer -Administered Analog Assessment To Evaluate Ptsd Symptoms In College Students Who Have Experienced A Motor Vehicle Crash (Mvc), Yi-Chuen Chen
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There has been a paucity of research investigating the characteristics of college students following a motor vehicle crash (MVC), a relatively common event in the lives of college students (e.g., an annual incidence rate of 1.37 per 10,000 resulting from dozing and driving between years 1984 to 1999). Moreover, typical PTSD assessment relies almost exclusively on indirect measures (e.g., interview, self report, rating by others). The purpose of this study was threefold: (a) investigation of the characteristics of college students who had been involved in an MVC versus a control group, (b) development of a computer-administered analog assessment, the adult …
College Dating And Social Anxiety: Using The Internet As A Means Of Connecting To Others, Sarah B. Stevens
College Dating And Social Anxiety: Using The Internet As A Means Of Connecting To Others, Sarah B. Stevens
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With the advent and widespread use of the Internet, various online media are being used to connect and maintain social relationships in individuals of all ages. Social relationships are vital to healthy development, and individuals with social and/or dating anxiety may have marked difficulty in establishing appropriate, supportive relationships due to fear of negative evaluation by others. For these individuals, the Internet may open up avenues of communication, and provide an outlet through which relationships can be formed and preserved. This study investigated the characteristics of computer and Internet use in young adults, to determine whether individuals who were high …
Comparing Mothers And Fathers On Acceptability Of Parent-Training Approaches, Knowledge Of Behavioral Principles, And Parenting Behaviors, Jennifer D. Tiano
Comparing Mothers And Fathers On Acceptability Of Parent-Training Approaches, Knowledge Of Behavioral Principles, And Parenting Behaviors, Jennifer D. Tiano
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Although most child research is conducted with mothers as the primary source of data, results often are applied to fathers. Yet, mothers and fathers engage in different interactions with children and may have varying attitudes and knowledge of parenting. This project compared mothers and fathers on a variety of parenting measures. Participants included a community sample of 80 parents (40 mother-father pairs) and their male child between the ages of two and seven. This study evaluated potential differences between mothers and fathers on treatment acceptability, knowledge of behavioral principles, and observed parenting behaviors. Results indicated that mothers prefer response cost …