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Articles 1 - 6 of 6
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Implications Of Long Non-Coding Rnas In The Pathogenesis Of Diabetic Retinopathy: A Novel Epigenetic Paradigm., Saumik Biswas
Implications Of Long Non-Coding Rnas In The Pathogenesis Of Diabetic Retinopathy: A Novel Epigenetic Paradigm., Saumik Biswas
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
With the rising incidence of diabetic retinopathy (DR), there is an urgent need for novel therapies. Presently, several altered metabolic pathways have been implicated in the pathogenesis of DR. Recent advances in genomic technologies have identified considerable epigenetic alterations that also contribute to DR progression. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs; >200 nucleotides), critical regulators of gene expression, are aberrantly expressed in DR and have not been comprehensively characterized. Our microarray analyses using human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) revealed thousands of differentially expressed lncRNAs following high glucose (HG) exposure, with profound increases in the lncRNAs MALAT1 and HOTAIR. Using multiple techniques, …
Epigenetics A Decolonizing Science, Wade Paul
Epigenetics A Decolonizing Science, Wade Paul
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Epigenetics is the study of gene expression that does not entail alterations to the actual DNA. Decolonization is a theoretical and political movement that seeks to deconstruct colonial institutions and ideologies and reconstruct new and balanced approaches that accept and respect Indigenous worldviews. This project studies the decolonizing potential of epigenetics. Using genealogy as the method, the study establishes a long history of reductionist and deterministic thought that shaped the study of genetic science. Particular instances like thrift gene theory are explored to highlight how genetic explanations have been detrimental to the health and wellbeing of Indigenous people and illustrate …
The Role Of Histone Demethylases In Learning And Memory In The Mushroom Body Of Drosophila Melanogaster, Crystal Keung
The Role Of Histone Demethylases In Learning And Memory In The Mushroom Body Of Drosophila Melanogaster, Crystal Keung
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with many epigenetic regulators and chromatin modifying enzymes like histone lysine methyltransferases (KMTs) and demethylases (KDMs). Here, I systematically investigate the role of 7 KDMs: Su(var)3-3, KDM2, Lid, CG2982, UTX, KDM4B, JHDM2, and 1 KMT: trr in the context of learning and memory using Drosophila melanogaster. Genetic knockdown of each gene in the mushroom body (MB) of flies are tested for short- and long-term memory impairment using courtship conditioning. Knockdown of 6 KDMs and trr resulted in memory loss. MB morphology was analyzed to determine potential cause of memory loss. …
Genomic Domains And Tissue Type Conservation Of Chromatin Accessibility Differences Between Human Metaphase Homologues, Seana L. Hill
Genomic Domains And Tissue Type Conservation Of Chromatin Accessibility Differences Between Human Metaphase Homologues, Seana L. Hill
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
During mitosis, interphase chromatin structures change dramatically to allow formation of discrete chromosomes. The mechanisms that follow, allowing rapid and reproducible re-establishment of functional interphase organizations, remain elusive. Our laboratory identified locus-specific condensation differences (referred to as differential accessibility [DA]) in metaphase chromosome homologues by visualizing genome sequence-defined single-copy (sc) DNA probes using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Original identifications of DA loci were performed with individual scFISH probes (1.5–4kb) in lymphocyte chromosomes. In this study, we computationally designed multiple adjacent scFISH probes for 6 different DA loci and determined that DA occurs in domains. Domain lengths varied from ~16kb-130kb. …
Mushroom Body-Specific Gene Regulation By The Swi/Snf Chromatin Remodeling Complex, Kevin Cj Nixon
Mushroom Body-Specific Gene Regulation By The Swi/Snf Chromatin Remodeling Complex, Kevin Cj Nixon
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Over the lifetime of an organism, neurons must establish, remodel, and maintain precise connections in order to form neural circuits that are required for proper nervous system functioning. Disruptions in these processes can lead to neurodevelopmental disorders such as intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder. Mutations in genes encoding subunits of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex have been implicated in ID, yet the role of this complex in neurons is poorly understood. In this project, I established cell-type specific methods to examine the effect of SWI/SNF subunit knockdowns on gene transcription and chromatin structure in the memory-forming neurons of …
Behavioural And Molecular Consequences Of Postnatal Stress In A Mouse Model Of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder, Bonnie Alberry
Behavioural And Molecular Consequences Of Postnatal Stress In A Mouse Model Of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder, Bonnie Alberry
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are caused by prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and affect 1‑5% of the North American population. Children born with FASD often face maternal separation throughout childhood. How this early life stress (ELS) affects the severity of FASD-related deficits is poorly understood. Using a mouse model, this dissertation establishes that behavioural deficits accumulate following prenatal alcohol exposure and early life stress, assessed using tests for activity, anxiety-like behaviour as well as learning and memory. Hippocampal gene expression was evaluated using RNA-seq followed by clustering of expression profiles through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). A set of …