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Articles 1 - 7 of 7
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The Ecology Of Soil Viruses: Abundance, Distribution, Diversity And Impact On Microbial Community Structure, Xiaolong Liang
The Ecology Of Soil Viruses: Abundance, Distribution, Diversity And Impact On Microbial Community Structure, Xiaolong Liang
Doctoral Dissertations
Viruses as a critical biotic component in all ecosystems have exhibited pronounced ecological significance. The global abundance of viruses in the biosphere has been estimated at 1 x 1031, with 90-95% of these viruses residing in soil and/or sedimentary environments. Despite the apparent greater abundance and diversity, soil virology is under-investigated relative to other environments such as marine and freshwater habitats and soil viral genomic data are underrepresented in public repositories of genetic information. In this dissertation, we investigated the viral abundance, diversity, and virus-host interactions in natural soils and the simulated stimulated subsurface bioremediation environments. We used epifluorescence microscopy …
Expanding The Omics Repertoire For Model Studies On A Chlorella-Infecting Giant Virus, Samantha Coy
Expanding The Omics Repertoire For Model Studies On A Chlorella-Infecting Giant Virus, Samantha Coy
Doctoral Dissertations
Viruses are the most abundant biological entities in aquatic ecosystems. As top-down controls of plankton abundance and diversity, they are intrinsically linked to biogeochemical cycling, and by proxy, to global climate change. It is thus of great interest for researchers to understand the mechanics of viral infection and persistence among ecologically important phytoplankton assemblages. Viruses which infect eukaryotic algae are observed with diverse nucleic acid types, structures, and sizes, though most isolates to date bear large, dsDNA genomes comprised of genes normally only seen in cellular organisms. The Chlorella viruses are the model system for studying these entities, with many …
Living Life On The Edge: The Role Of Introduction And Range Expansion In Shaping Behavior Of A Non-Native Spider, Angela Chuang
Living Life On The Edge: The Role Of Introduction And Range Expansion In Shaping Behavior Of A Non-Native Spider, Angela Chuang
Doctoral Dissertations
Animal personalities describe the behavioral phenotypes of individuals that often remain relatively stable over time and contexts. Since they can account for differential dispersal tendencies, understanding how personality types are distributed across the range can lead to important characterization of expanding invasive populations. Cyrtophora citricola is a colonial tentweb orbweaver spider with an Old World native range that is invasive in Florida. It has experienced a range expansion of over 450 km in 20 years. In my dissertation, I asked whether C. citricola exhibits personality, whether some of its behavioral traits are correlated with dispersal tendencies, and whether personality types …
The Legacy Of Hosting Mega-Sports Events: A Twitter Analysis Of Leisure-Time Physical Activity Communication, Gabriela Baranowski Pinto
The Legacy Of Hosting Mega-Sports Events: A Twitter Analysis Of Leisure-Time Physical Activity Communication, Gabriela Baranowski Pinto
Doctoral Dissertations
Routine engagement in Leisure-Time Physical Activity (LTPA) is associated with long-term health, lower mortality, and higher quality of life. Inspiring participation in LTPA is one desired benefit of public investment in mega-events such as the Olympic Games. Whether such inspiration materializes—and, if so, for how long—was examined in three studies that investigated a perception-action process at the level of the interaction between real and virtual environments. The influence of the real environment of the Games in Rio de Janeiro in 2016 was assessed via the virtual environment instantiated in the Twitter social network. Emerging dynamic communication about LTPA in three …
Tree-Ring Evidence Of Climate And Environmental Change, Beartooth Mountains, Wyoming, U.S.A., Maegen Lee Rochner
Tree-Ring Evidence Of Climate And Environmental Change, Beartooth Mountains, Wyoming, U.S.A., Maegen Lee Rochner
Doctoral Dissertations
Long-lived, subalpine tree species like whitebark pine and Engelmann spruce may eventually cease to exist due to the combination of climate change and exacerbated native and invasive biological threats. While this loss would have dire consequences for mountain ecosystems, it would also result in the irreversible loss of valuable climatological and ecological data preserved in the growth rings of these trees. The purpose of this dissertation research was to develop extended whitebark pine and Engelmann spruce tree-ring chronologies for use in regional analyses of climate and disturbance, and more importantly to demonstrate the potential of these tree species and the …
Learning With Aggregate Data, Tao Sun
Learning With Aggregate Data, Tao Sun
Doctoral Dissertations
Various real-world applications involve directly dealing with aggregate data. In this work, we study Learning with Aggregate Data from several perspectives and try to address their combinatorial challenges. At first, we study the problem of learning in Collective Graphical Models (CGMs), where only noisy aggregate observations are available. Inference in CGMs is NP- hard and we proposed an approximate inference algorithm. By solving the inference problems, we are empowered to build large-scale bird migration models, and models for human mobility under the differential privacy setting. Secondly, we consider problems given bags of instances and bag-level aggregate supervisions. Specifically, we study …
Forecasting Vibrio Parahaemolyticus In A Changing Climate, Meghan Ann Hartwick
Forecasting Vibrio Parahaemolyticus In A Changing Climate, Meghan Ann Hartwick
Doctoral Dissertations
The distribution, transmission and adaptation patterns of infectious diseases are changing worldwide. Though there are many potential mechanisms that can transmit infectious agents to new areas, the ability of pathogens to persist in new locations can be largely attributed to changing climate conditions, especially in temperate regions. Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a naturally occurring bacteria in most marine and estuarine systems, provides a model example of these globally observed climate-related changes to disease dynamics that are occurring locally in the Northeast, US. Like many Vibrio species, pathogenicity in human hosts is believed to be limited to a subset of strains, whereas the …