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Articles 1 - 11 of 11
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Exploring Novel Anti-Obesity Strategies: Nutritional And Pharmacological Interventions To Induce Browning And Brown Adipogenesis, Haley Beth Overby
Exploring Novel Anti-Obesity Strategies: Nutritional And Pharmacological Interventions To Induce Browning And Brown Adipogenesis, Haley Beth Overby
Doctoral Dissertations
Obesity is a global pandemic and its comorbidities are the top causes of preventable death in America. Brown and inducible beige fat can significantly contribute to energy expenditure, possibly leading to weight loss, and is considered a novel approach to combat obesity. Browning of white adipocytes can be achieved using cold exposure, β [beta]-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR [gamma]) agonists, and some nutritional and pharmaceutical agents. Trans-resveratrol (Res) and indomethacin (Indo) have shown promising abilities to promote browning. Res has been shown to induce browning in vitro and in vivo; however, its rapid metabolism and poor …
Observation Of Baryon Number Violation Via Cold Neutron Sources, Matthew Frost
Observation Of Baryon Number Violation Via Cold Neutron Sources, Matthew Frost
Doctoral Dissertations
The observation of neutron/anti-neutron transformation would directly, and for the first time, demonstrate that there are processes that violate baryon number, thus revealing the fundamental mechanism of the origin of our universe. Prior experiments that would show the existence of such transformations are inconclusive thus far, providing only lower limits for the transformation rate. New experiments utilizing cold neutrons at spallation sources such as the European Spallation Source (ESS) provide a means by which to search for these higher energy scale phenomena beyond that which can be achieved with a collider. An experiment with the opportunity to contribute to the …
Silver Mirror Substrate And Rolling Method For Improved Surface-Enhanced Raman Spesctroscopic Analysis In Food, Yanqi Qu
Doctoral Dissertations
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, short for SERS, is an emerging technology with great potential in food analysis due to rapid detection, high sensitivity, portable instrumentation, and simple sample preparation. However, it is always a bottleneck to obtain reproducible SERS measurements in real analytical cases due to the complicity of food systems and inhomogeneous aggregation of colloidal nanoparticles. To improve its performance for practical applications in food analysis, efforts have been made in improving the reproducibility, enhancing the selectivity and reducing the matrix interference to the analyte. Herein, a self-assembly silver nanoparticles mirror substrate was fabricated to improve the and the quantitative …
Engineering Of An Antibody-Conjugated Nanogel Platform For Targeted Drug Delivery To T Lymphocytes, Mine Canakci
Engineering Of An Antibody-Conjugated Nanogel Platform For Targeted Drug Delivery To T Lymphocytes, Mine Canakci
Doctoral Dissertations
In an ideal chemotherapy, cytotoxic drugs travel through the bloodstream, reach cells all over the body and preferentially kill abnormal cells. Yet, the hydrophilic or lipophilic property of the small-molecule drugs affects their ability to reach cells from the bloodstream. So, only a small portion of the drug reaches to the diseased tissue. A selective cell killing approach for cancer therapy gained momentum after the realization that cancer cells carry unique set of molecular markers on their cell surface. The development of antibody drug conjugates (ADC) revolutionized the targeted approach for drug delivery. ADCs are composed of cytotoxic agents covalently …
Nanobrazing Of Inconel 718 And Ti-6al-4v, Denzel Bridges
Nanobrazing Of Inconel 718 And Ti-6al-4v, Denzel Bridges
Doctoral Dissertations
For high temperature brazing applications, several design considerations must be evaluated including metallurgical compatibility, mechanical stability, wettability, and many others. One of the obstacles to high temperature brazing is minimizing the melting temperature of the brazing material without sacrificing high operating temperature. Traditionally, this is accomplished by adding melting point depressants such as boron and silicon. However, the addition of boron and silicon exposes the base material to the formation of brittle boride and silicide intermetallic phases and/or low melting eutectic phases. Nanomaterials experience size-dependent melting point depression without the use of melting point depressants via the Gibbs-Thomson effect. Until …
Multifunctional Protein-Lipid Nanoparticles And Hydrogels For Biological And Environmental Applications, Jingwen Ding
Multifunctional Protein-Lipid Nanoparticles And Hydrogels For Biological And Environmental Applications, Jingwen Ding
Doctoral Dissertations
Archival abstract submitted
Biocompatible Polymeric Nanoparticles With Innovative Structural Design For Oral Delivery Of Lipophilic Bioactives, Qiaobin Hu
Doctoral Dissertations
Archival abstract submitted
Development Of Solid Lipid-Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles As Potential Oral Delivery Systems For Lipophilic Bioactive Compounds, Taoran Wang
Doctoral Dissertations
Solid lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticles (SLPN) are nanocarriers made from a combination of polymers and lipids. By integrating the advantages of biocompatible lipid-based nanoparticles and gastrointestinal (GI)-stable polymeric nanoparticles, SLPN are the ideal delivery system for delivering lipophilic compounds orally. In this project, two novel preparation strategies were proposed to fabricate GI-stable SLPN: 1) Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and dextran were first conjugated through Maillard reaction and the conjugates were exploited as macromolecular emulsifier and surface coating layer to prepare SLPN by a solvent diffusion and sonication method. In this approach, the multilayer structure was formed by self-assembly of BSA-dextran micelles …
Synthesis And Application Of Oil-Soluble Polymer Brush-Grafted Silica Nanoparticles As Lubricant Additives For Friction And Wear Reduction, Bryan Thomas Seymour
Synthesis And Application Of Oil-Soluble Polymer Brush-Grafted Silica Nanoparticles As Lubricant Additives For Friction And Wear Reduction, Bryan Thomas Seymour
Doctoral Dissertations
Although inorganic and metallic nanoparticles are potentially effective oil lubricant additives for friction and wear reduction, their high tendency to undergo aggregation and precipitation in base oils has been an obstacle for real-world applications. This dissertation research aims to develop oil-soluble, polymer brush-grafted nanoparticles (hairy NPs) for use as additives for base oils such as polyalphaolefin (PAO). Well-defined hairy NPs were synthesized by surface-initiated reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization from chain transfer agent-functionalized, 23 nm silica NPs, and their lubrication properties were investigated in PAO by high-contact-stress ball-on-flat reciprocating sliding tribological tests.The effects of alkyl pendant groups of poly(alkyl methacrylate) …
Cholesterol-Based Polymeric Nanoparticles For Improved Chemotherapy, Laura Gonzalez
Cholesterol-Based Polymeric Nanoparticles For Improved Chemotherapy, Laura Gonzalez
Doctoral Dissertations
Polymeric nanoparticles from amphiphilic copolymers are deemed as flexible platforms for effective delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs to tumor tissues. The use of cholesterol as the hydrophilic segment can confer stability upon dilution and high drug loading capacity to these type of nanoparticles due to the tendency of cholesteryl groups to aggregate and form liquid crystal phases. On the other hand, the incorporation of polyethylene glycol as the hydrophilic block provides colloidal stability and reduced opsonization. Building on previous research in the laboratory, the overall goal of the present dissertation was to further advance the development and understanding of novel and …
Hybridized Polymeric Nano-Assemblies: Key Insights Into Addressing Mdr Infections, Ryan Landis
Hybridized Polymeric Nano-Assemblies: Key Insights Into Addressing Mdr Infections, Ryan Landis
Doctoral Dissertations
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria contribute to more than 700,000 annual deaths world-wide. Millions more suffer from limb amputations or face high healthcare treatment costs where prolonged and costly therapeutic regimens are used to counter MDR infections. While there is an international push to develop novel and more powerful antimicrobials to address the impending threat, one particularly interesting approach that has re-emerged are essential oils, phytochemical extracts derived from plant sources. While their antimicrobial activity demonstrates a promising avenue, their stability in aqueous media, limits their practical use in or on mammals. Inspired by the versatility of polymer nanotechnology and the sustainability …