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Fluid Dynamics Of High-Temperature Bubble And Slurry Bubble Columns, Julie Chabot
Fluid Dynamics Of High-Temperature Bubble And Slurry Bubble Columns, Julie Chabot
Digitized Theses
The present Ph.D. dissertation was focused on the study of the fluid dynamics of high temperature bubble and slurry bubble columns. The study was centred on a system of particular interest for the petrochemical industry, the liquid phase methanol synthesis process, for which very little information is currently available. Emphasis was placed on the study of important gas phase parameters, including the gas holdup, the bubble rise velocity, the bubble chord length and the bubble chord length distribution, which were measured using spherical bulb fibre optic sensors.;The experiments were conducted in a 0.2 m diameter and 2.4 m height carbon …
Effects Of Environmental Factors On Anaerobic Granular Sludge In Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactors, Chun Fang Shen
Effects Of Environmental Factors On Anaerobic Granular Sludge In Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactors, Chun Fang Shen
Digitized Theses
Effects of environmental factors (micronutrients and toxicants) on high rate anaerobic digestion and anaerobic granular sludge were studied in laboratory-scale (20 litres) and bench-scale (1.2 litres) upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors.;The anaerobic bacteria, when grown in feed lacking iron and cobalt, could become iron and/or cobalt deficient and had low specific activity. Supplements of iron and cobalt in the feed provided sufficient amount of these elements for the bacterial metabolism, and excellent COD digestion rates could be maintained in the reactors. Yeast extract showed a strong positive effect on the bacterial growth rate, but had no significant contribution to …
Kinetics Of Growth And Ice Nucleation Activity Of Pseudomonas Syringae, Amarjeet Singh Bassi
Kinetics Of Growth And Ice Nucleation Activity Of Pseudomonas Syringae, Amarjeet Singh Bassi
Digitized Theses
Pseudomonas syringae causes freezing of supercooled water at temperatures close to 0{dollar}\sp\circ{dollar}C. In this study, the growth kinetics and ice nucleation activity (INA) of the bacterium P. syringae cit 7 were investigated under a variety of culture conditions as well as in batch and continuous bioreactors. The "drop freezing assay" technique used for measurement of INA was first investigated and the effect of several variables on this assay was examined. When P. syringae cit 7 was cultured aerobically in a medium consisting of sucrose, peptone, K{dollar}\sb2{dollar}HPO{dollar}\sb4{dollar}, KH{dollar}\sb2{dollar}PO{dollar}\sb4{dollar}, and MgSO{dollar}\sb4\cdot{dollar}7H{dollar}\sb2{dollar}O (pH 7.0) at 25{dollar}\sp\circ{dollar}C for 48 h, the highest INA was …
Catalytic Cracking Of Hydrocarbons With Novel Metal Traps, Hany Iskandar Farag
Catalytic Cracking Of Hydrocarbons With Novel Metal Traps, Hany Iskandar Farag
Digitized Theses
Nickel and vanadium poison FCC catalysts with destruction of zeolites. This is reflected by a lower gas oil conversion and lower gasoline selectivity. Ni and V also affect hydrogen transfer resulting in more coke formation and reducing light gases.;New catalysts, so-called FCCT (catalysts for FCC with "in situ metal traps"), were developed in this study to achieve high dispersion of passivators. FCCTs were extensively tested and demonstrated experimentally. On the strength of these results, it can be stated that high dispersion of the metal traps, using the "in situ" mode of preparation with traps "waiting" the contaminants and "shielding" the …
Modern And Decentralized Control For Multivariable Processes, Zhong-Xiang Zhu
Modern And Decentralized Control For Multivariable Processes, Zhong-Xiang Zhu
Digitized Theses
Control methodologies to cope with multivariable process systems are studied in this thesis. Topics on both modern and conventional decentralized control strategies are covered with the major focus on the latter.;In the modern control aspect, the two most common approaches--the LQ optimal control and the eigenvalue assignment design are discussed. Emphasis is placed on investigation of LQG applications to complex real-time processes, and eigenvalue assignment design for improved steady state and robust performance. By careful consideration of practical issues and innovative use of model identification techniques, a strongly interactive and non-linear multivariable pressure tank system is satisfactorily controlled by the …
A Characterization Of The Fast Pyrolysis Of Cellulose And Wood Biomass, Robert George Graham
A Characterization Of The Fast Pyrolysis Of Cellulose And Wood Biomass, Robert George Graham
Digitized Theses
The science of biomass fast pyrolysis is relatively young and incomplete. To date, there has been no systematic attempt to define fast pyrolysis in terms of chemistry, product distribution, kinetics, heat transfer requirements, and requisite process conditions. Neither has there been any experimental work which tracks the reaction progress as a function of both temperature and residence time. Furthermore, the literature provides a fragmented and often contradictory view of the nature of fast pyrolysis.;This thesis provides a coherent picture of the fast pyrolysis of cellulose and wood via an extensive literature review and systematic research. The literature review is an …